7e4c627d709528e520adef7be739a257 intjouenvrespubhea_a2014v11n1p815.pdf 88c94469fc683ee8897a604009eb6b8ea3ac1231 intjouenvrespubhea_a2014v11n1p815.pdf abde15393b95aa2446ccd5045a7d5bb7bd46cfccbd1ef4f7d91ac10875e163f0 intjouenvrespubhea_a2014v11n1p815.pdf Title: The Socioeconomic Determinants of Health: Economic Growth and Health in the OECD Countries during the Last Three Decades Subject: In times of economic crisis, most countries face the dual challenge of fighting unemployment while restraining social expenditures and closing budget deficits. The spending cuts and lack of employment affect a large number of decisions that have a direct or indirect impact on health. This impact is likely to be unevenly distributed among different groups within the population, and therefore not only health levels may be at risk, but also their distribution. The main purpose of this paper is to explore links between unemployment, economic growth, inequality, and health. We regress a measure of health, the Health Human Development Index (HHDI), against a set of explanatory variables accounting for the countries’ economic performance (GDP growth, unemployment, and income inequality), and some institutional factors related to welfare spending and the nature of the health systems for the past three decades. In addition, we explore the causes for different results obtained using an inequality-adjusted HHDI, vs. the unadjusted HHDI. We describe a panel data model, estimated by random effects, for 32 countries from 1980–2010, in five-year intervals. Our conclusion is that the high economic growth observed in the last decades, together with an increase in the levels of income inequality and/or poverty, explain the observed changes of our index, particularly when this indicator is weighted by health inequality. The remaining institutional variables (the share of social spending, health care expenditure, and the type of health systems) show the expected sign but are not statistically significant. A comment on the methodological pitfalls of the approach completes the analysis. Keywords: economic crisis; health inequality; health distribution; income inequality; Human Development Index; intergenerational welfare policies Author: Guillem López-Casasnovas, Marina Soley-Bori Creator: PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 Producer: Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Thu Jan 9 08:58:35 2014 ModDate: Thu Jan 9 08:59:36 2014 Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.22 x 842 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 206731 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- BOJHCL+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 69 0 BOJHDN+TimesNewRomanPSMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 70 0 BOJHDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 71 0 BOJHCM+TimesNewRomanPSMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 53 0 BOJIGI+SymbolMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 54 0 BOJILI+ArialMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 57 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.6, 2011-01-04) Date: 2017-03-29 11:28:41 CEST RepresentationInformation: intjouenvrespubhea_a2014v11n1p815.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.8 (2009-05-22) LastModified: 2016-12-09 11:00:11 CET Size: 206731 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 83 FreeObjects: 2 IncrementalUpdates: 2 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseThumbs Info: Title: The Socioeconomic Determinants of Health: Economic Growth and Health in the OECD Countries during the Last Three Decades Author: Guillem López-Casasnovas, Marina Soley-Bori Subject: In times of economic crisis, most countries face the dual challenge of fighting unemployment while restraining social expenditures and closing budget deficits. The spending cuts and lack of employment affect a large number of decisions that have a direct or indirect impact on health. This impact is likely to be unevenly distributed among different groups within the population, and therefore not only health levels may be at risk, but also their distribution. The main purpose of this paper is to explore links between unemployment, economic growth, inequality, and health. We regress a measure of health, the Health Human Development Index (HHDI), against a set of explanatory variables accounting for the countries’ economic performance (GDP growth, unemployment, and income inequality), and some institutional factors related to welfare spending and the nature of the health systems for the past three decades. In addition, we explore the causes for different results obtained using an inequality-adjusted HHDI, vs. the unadjusted HHDI. We describe a panel data model, estimated by random effects, for 32 countries from 1980 2010, in five-year intervals. Our conclusion is that the high economic growth observed in the last decades, together with an increase in the levels of income inequality and/or poverty, explain the observed changes of our index, particularly when this indicator is weighted by health inequality. The remaining institutional variables (the share of social spending, health care expenditure, and the type of health systems) show the expected sign but are not statistically significant. A comment on the methodological pitfalls of the approach completes the analysis. Keywords: economic crisis; health inequality; health distribution; income inequality; Human Development Index; intergenerational welfare policies Creator: PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 Producer: Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Thu Jan 09 01:58:35 CET 2014 ModDate: Thu Jan 09 01:59:36 CET 2014 ID: 0x21100259895949bd295b66be0b0cbf5f, 0xf4e11659736e24448cc9850dd33b0bae Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: BOJIGI+SymbolMT Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: BOJHCM+TimesNewRomanPSMT Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true TrueType: Font: BaseFont: BOJHCL+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 150 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJHCL+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -498, -307, 1333, 1023 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: BOJHDN+TimesNewRomanPSMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJHDN+TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2000, 1007 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: BOJHDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJHDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -558, -307, 2000, 1026 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: BOJILI+ArialMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJILI+ArialMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -665, -325, 2000, 1006 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: BOJIGI+SymbolMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJIGI+SymbolMT Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -220, 1113, 1005 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: BOJHCM+TimesNewRomanPSMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOJHCM+TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Serif, Symbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2000, 1007 FontFile2: true XMP: 2014-01-09T08:58:35+08:00 PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 2014-01-09T08:59:36+08:00 2014-01-09T08:59:36+08:00 Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 (Windows) economic crisis; health inequality; health distribution; income inequality; Human Development Index; intergenerational welfare policies application/pdf The Socioeconomic Determinants of Health: Economic Growth and Health in the OECD Countries during the Last Three Decades Guillem López-Casasnovas, Marina Soley-Bori In times of economic crisis, most countries face the dual challenge of fighting unemployment while restraining social expenditures and closing budget deficits. The spending cuts and lack of employment affect a large number of decisions that have a direct or indirect impact on health. This impact is likely to be unevenly distributed among different groups within the population, and therefore not only health levels may be at risk, but also their distribution. The main purpose of this paper is to explore links between unemployment, economic growth, inequality, and health. We regress a measure of health, the Health Human Development Index (HHDI), against a set of explanatory variables accounting for the countries’ economic performance (GDP growth, unemployment, and income inequality), and some institutional factors related to welfare spending and the nature of the health systems for the past three decades. In addition, we explore the causes for different results obtained using an inequality-adjusted HHDI, vs. the unadjusted HHDI. We describe a panel data model, estimated by random effects, for 32 countries from 1980–2010, in five-year intervals. Our conclusion is that the high economic growth observed in the last decades, together with an increase in the levels of income inequality and/or poverty, explain the observed changes of our index, particularly when this indicator is weighted by health inequality. The remaining institutional variables (the share of social spending, health care expenditure, and the type of health systems) show the expected sign but are not statistically significant. A comment on the methodological pitfalls of the approach completes the analysis. economic crisis health inequality health distribution income inequality Human Development Index intergenerational welfare policies uuid:15b92efe-54a9-4215-bf3c-1d8af3859088 uuid:680debba-7f12-4f26-9262-1b737870e9e6 Pages: Page: Label: 1 Page: Label: 2 Page: Label: 3 Page: Label: 4 Page: Label: 5 Page: Label: 6 Page: Label: 7 Page: Label: 8 Page: Label: 9 Page: Label: 10 Page: Label: 11 Page: Label: 12 Page: Label: 13 Page: Label: 14 Page: Label: 15 Checksum: 4166917a Type: CRC32 Checksum: 7e4c627d709528e520adef7be739a257 Type: MD5 Checksum: 88c94469fc683ee8897a604009eb6b8ea3ac1231 Type: SHA-1