369284752653b0df9f7ba7448867c642 viruses_a2015v7p873.pdf 0342d0538cb92cad3dda30f7459bd8262112c683 viruses_a2015v7p873.pdf 28f3df80ca4494df0c8304773cb302f0630eebd41a517cd01d3e2162782f4a98 viruses_a2015v7p873.pdf Title: Immunological Features of the Non-Structural Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Subject: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is currently one of the most important viruses affecting the swine industry worldwide. Despite the large number of papers published each year, the participation of non-structural proteins (nsps) in the immune response is not completely clear. nsps have been involved in the host innate immune response, specifically, nsp1α/β, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp11 have been associated with the immunomodulation capability of the virus. To date, only participation by nsp1, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp7 in the humoral immune response has been reported, with the role of other nsps being overlooked. Furthermore, nsp1, nsp2, nsp5, nsp7 nsp9, nsp10, nsp11 have been implicated in the induction of IFN-γ and probably in the development of the cell-mediated immune response. This review discusses recent reports involving the participation of nsps in the modulation of the innate immune response and their role in the induction of both the humoral and cellular immune responses. Keywords: PRRSV; non-structural proteins; immune response Author: Edgar Rascón-Castelo 1, Alexel Burgara-Estrella 1, Enric Mateu 2,3 and Jesús Hernández 1,* Creator: Microsoft® Word 2013 Producer: Microsoft® Word 2013 CreationDate: Tue Feb 24 17:09:17 2015 ModDate: Mon Feb 15 15:33:03 2016 Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.62 x 841.68 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 545734 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ABCDEE+Times New Roman,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 663 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 664 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 665 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 666 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 675 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 36 0 ABCDEE+Arial TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 44 0 ABCDEE+Times New Roman,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 48 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.6, 2011-01-04) Date: 2016-02-17 07:25:39 CET RepresentationInformation: viruses_a2015v7p873.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.8 (2009-05-22) LastModified: 2016-02-15 15:33:24 CET Size: 545734 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF, Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 700 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 1 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Language: en-US Info: Title: Immunological Features of the Non-Structural Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Author: Edgar Rascón-Castelo 1, Alexel Burgara-Estrella 1, Enric Mateu 2,3 and Jesús Hernández 1,* Subject: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is currently one of the most important viruses affecting the swin攀 椀渀搀甀猀琀爀礀 眀漀爀氀搀眀椀搀攀⸀ 䐀攀猀瀀椀琀攀 琀栀攀 氀愀爀最攀 渀甀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 攀愀挀栀 礀攀愀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀椀瀀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 渀漀渀ⴀ猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀愀氀 瀀爀漀琀攀椀渀猀 渀猀瀀) in the immune response is not completely clear. nsps have been involved in the host innate immune response, specifically, ns瀀㄃넀⼃눀Ⰰ 渀猀瀀㈀Ⰰ 渀猀瀀㐀 愀渀搀 渀猀瀀㄀㄀ 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 愀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 椀洀洀甀渀漀洀漀搀甀氀愀琀椀漀渀 挀愀瀀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀椀爀甀猀⸀ 吀漀 搀愀琀攀Ⰰ 漀渀氀礀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀椀瀀愀琀椀漀渀⁜ഀ戀礀 渀猀瀀㄀Ⰰ 渀猀瀀㈀Ⰰ 渀猀瀀㐀 愀渀搀 渀猀瀀㜀 椀渀 琀栀攀 栀甀洀漀爀愀氀 椀洀洀甀渀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀攀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀攀搀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 爀漀氀攀 漀昀 漀琀栀攀爀 渀猀瀀猀 戀攀椀渀最 漀瘀攀爀氀漀漀欀攀搀⸀ 䘀甀thermore, nsp1, nsp2, nsp5, nsp7 nsp9, nsp10, nsp11 have been implicated in the induction of IFN-γ and probably in the developm攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀攀氀氀ⴀ洀攀搀椀愀琀攀搀 椀洀洀甀渀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀攀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 爀攀瘀椀攀眀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀攀猀 爀攀挀攀渀琀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀椀渀最 琀栀攀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀椀瀀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 渀猀瀀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 洀漀搀甀氀tion of the innate immune response and their role in the induction of both the humoral and cellular immune responses. Keywords: PRRSV; non-structural proteins; immune response Creator: Microsoft® Word 2013 Producer: Microsoft® Word 2013 CreationDate: Tue Feb 24 10:09:17 CET 2015 ModDate: Mon Feb 15 15:33:03 CET 2016 ID: 0xa6abfb75b73f9a449f474dc586245bcb, 0xa694b220d6ac954486c4c4f03778145f Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: ImageWidth: 1311 ImageHeight: 260 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Interpolate: false Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Italic Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Bold Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true TrueType: Font: Name: F2 BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 250 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -558, -216, 2000, 677 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: Name: F3 BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -216, 2046, 693 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: Name: F4 BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,BoldItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 118 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,BoldItalic Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -547, -216, 1401, 677 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: Name: F1 BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Italic Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -498, -216, 1333, 694 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: Name: F7 BaseFont: ABCDEE+Arial FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+Arial Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -665, -210, 2046, 728 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Bold CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -558, -216, 2000, 677 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -216, 2046, 693 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Italic CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: ABCDEE+TimesȀNewȀRoman,Italic Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -498, -216, 1333, 694 FontFile2: true XMP: Microsoft® Word 2013 PRRSV; non-structural proteins; immune response application/pdf Immunological Features of the Non-Structural Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Edgar Rascón-Castelo 1, Alexel Burgara-Estrella 1, Enric Mateu 2,3 and Jesús Hernández 1,* Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is currently one of the most important viruses affecting the swine industry worldwide. Despite the large number of papers published each year, the participation of non-structural proteins (nsps) in the immune response is not completely clear. nsps have been involved in the host innate immune response, specifically, nsp1α/β, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp11 have been associated with the immunomodulation capability of the virus. To date, only participation by nsp1, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp7 in the humoral immune response has been reported, with the role of other nsps being overlooked. Furthermore, nsp1, nsp2, nsp5, nsp7 nsp9, nsp10, nsp11 have been implicated in the induction of IFN-γ and probably in the development of the cell-mediated immune response. This review discusses recent reports involving the participation of nsps in the modulation of the innate immune response and their role in the induction of both the humoral and cellular immune responses. 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