42b963105622b8207a7c90910d58de26 intjoumolsci_a2016v17n3p417.pdf 16aedf16a6cb070c8064c5cbbac4793ae1763604 intjoumolsci_a2016v17n3p417.pdf 53d33ee8692bcbe2aee0a0d8364f7628f3b100c0bbe165557a7b0e4cb658da98 intjoumolsci_a2016v17n3p417.pdf Title: Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy: Analysis of Two Direct Metabolites of Ethanol in Meconium Subject: Alcohol consumption in young women is a widespread habit that may continue during pregnancy and induce alterations in the fetus. We aimed to characterize prevalence of alcohol consumption in parturient women and to assess fetal ethanol exposure in their newborns by analyzing two direct metabolites of ethanol in meconium. This is a cross-sectional study performed in September 2011 and March 2012 in a series of women admitted to an obstetric unit following childbirth. During admission, socio-demographic and substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, and opiates) during pregnancy were assessed using a structured questionnaire and clinical charts. We also recorded the characteristics of pregnancy, childbirth, and neonates. The meconium analysis was performed by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to detect the presence of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS). Fifty-one parturient and 52 neonates were included and 48 meconium samples were suitable for EtG and EtS detection. The median age of women was 30 years (interquartile range (IQR): 26–34 years); EtG was present in all meconium samples and median concentration of EtG was 67.9 ng/g (IQR: 36.0–110.6 ng/g). With respect to EtS, it was undetectable (<0.01 ng/g) in the majority of samples (79.1%). Only three (6%) women reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy in face-to-face interviews. However, prevalence of fetal exposure to alcohol through the detection of EtG and EtS was 4.2% and 16.7%, respectively. Prevention of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the detection of substance use with markers of fetal exposure are essential components of maternal and child health. Keywords: fetal ethanol exposure; meconium; ethyl glucuronide; ethyl sulfate Author: Arantza Sanvisens, Neus Robert, José María Hernández, Paola Zuluaga, Magí Farré, Wifredo Coroleu, Montserrat Serra, Jordi Tor and Robert Muga Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.15 CreationDate: Tue Mar 22 16:26:55 2016 ModDate: Tue Mar 22 16:26:55 2016 Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 8131944 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- HCDFKY+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 64 0 OPUFRC+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 65 0 JIVADG+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 66 0 CKUPDE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 70 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 71 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 147 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 148 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 149 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 150 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 177 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 178 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 179 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 180 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 202 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 203 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 204 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 205 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 235 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 236 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 237 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 238 0 KLGMNI+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 265 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 266 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 267 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 268 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 269 0 URYLRZ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 316 0 KLGMCF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 321 0 KLGMCH+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 322 0 KLGMDI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 323 0 KLGMLH+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 324 0 MOAOYC+TeX-matha8 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 374 0 QUTOBU+TeX-matha10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 375 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 376 0 WVWPDJ+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 385 0 java.lang.ClassCastException: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject cannot be cast to edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfDictionary at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.PdfModule.readDocCatalogDict(PdfModule.java:1284) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.PdfModule.parse(PdfModule.java:525) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.processFile(JhoveBase.java:825) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.process(JhoveBase.java:614) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.dispatch(JhoveBase.java:465) at Jhove.main(Jhove.java:296) Jhove (Rel. 1.6, 2011-01-04) Date: 2016-11-22 02:33:54 CET RepresentationInformation: intjoumolsci_a2016v17n3p417.pdf ReportingModule: BYTESTREAM, Rel. 1.3 (2007-04-10) LastModified: 2016-11-21 12:00:54 CET Size: 8131944 Format: bytestream Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/octet-stream Checksum: ad140c14 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 42b963105622b8207a7c90910d58de26 Type: MD5 Checksum: 16aedf16a6cb070c8064c5cbbac4793ae1763604 Type: SHA-1