f1825300c9a1f2b63ae3a2e27e9ae8f7 Gargallo-Garriga_et_al_Metabolites_2017.pdf 81d51286dda06094e0f76e7b8a3e3cd34488b2de Gargallo-Garriga_et_al_Metabolites_2017.pdf 85e4957e85151b4b7adee1861ea3dfb244939bd98e1d13fa75add68d3d2a19f7 Gargallo-Garriga_et_al_Metabolites_2017.pdf Title: Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands Subject: Climate change is stronger at high than at temperate and tropical latitudes. The natural geothermal conditions in southern Iceland provide an opportunity to study the impact of warming on plants, because of the geothermal bedrock channels that induce stable gradients of soil temperature. We studied two valleys, one where such gradients have been present for centuries (long-term treatment), and another where new gradients were created in 2008 after a shallow crustal earthquake (short-term treatment). We studied the impact of soil warming (0 to +15 C) on the foliar metabolomes of two common plant species of high northern latitudes: Agrostis capillaris, a monocotyledon grass; and Ranunculus acris, a dicotyledonous herb, and evaluated the dependence of shifts in their metabolomes on the length of the warming treatment. The two species responded differently to warming, depending on the length of exposure. The grass metabolome clearly shifted at the site of long-term warming, but the herb metabolome did not. The main up-regulated compounds at the highest temperatures at the long-term site were saccharides and amino acids, both involved in heat-shock metabolic pathways. Moreover, some secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids and terpenes, associated with a wide array of stresses, were also up-regulated. Most current climatic models predict an increase in annual average temperature between 2–8 C over land masses in the Arctic towards the end of this century. The metabolomes of A. capillaris and R. acris shifted abruptly and nonlinearly to soil warming >5 C above the control temperature for the coming decades. These results thus suggest that a slight warming increase may not imply substantial changes in plant function, but if the temperature rises more than 5 C, warming may end up triggering metabolic pathways associated with heat stress in some plant species currently dominant in this region. Keywords: climate change; warming; geothermal bedrock channels; grassland; metabolome; Iceland Author: Albert Gargallo-Garriga, Marta Ayala-Roque, Jordi Sardans, Mireia Bartrons, Victor Granda, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Niki I. W. Leblans, Michal Oravec, Otmar Urban, Ivan A. Janssens and Josep Peñuelas Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.15 CreationDate: Wed Aug 23 20:54:50 2017 ModDate: Thu Sep 7 11:58:49 2017 Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 22 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 3144585 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- GASNFM+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 1153 0 TJMYOK+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 1157 0 ITZQQR+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 1160 0 EQZZKC+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 1163 0 GOKNSB+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 1166 0 OXBKYU+TeXGyreAdventor-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 1170 0 ZZPUEX+ArialMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 1175 0 TWGUDY+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 1177 0 MOEKEL+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 633 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 634 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 635 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 636 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 637 0 MOEOOF+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 639 0 ZXDKIP+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 891 0 MOEKEL+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 653 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 654 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 655 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 656 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 657 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 668 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 669 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 670 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 671 0 MOEKEL+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 675 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 676 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 677 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 678 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 679 0 UUMSIJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 895 0 MOGHGG+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 683 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 684 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 685 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 686 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 687 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 703 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 704 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 705 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 706 0 MOEKEL+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 709 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 710 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 711 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 712 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 713 0 MOGHGG+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 721 0 MOEKFL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 722 0 MOEKJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 723 0 MOEKJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 724 0 MOEODI+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 725 0 SYVAVM+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 898 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.6, 2011-01-04) Date: 2017-09-19 04:23:38 CEST RepresentationInformation: Gargallo-Garriga_et_al_Metabolites_2017.pdf ReportingModule: BYTESTREAM, Rel. 1.3 (2007-04-10) LastModified: 2017-09-13 16:14:30 CEST Size: 3144585 Format: bytestream Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/octet-stream Checksum: 05b936d7 Type: CRC32 Checksum: f1825300c9a1f2b63ae3a2e27e9ae8f7 Type: MD5 Checksum: 81d51286dda06094e0f76e7b8a3e3cd34488b2de Type: SHA-1