16823a7d2e118acccd51d73dbd65fc33 Zhang_et_al_Remote_Sensing_2017.pdf 1281e03d17a27c69fe76684a8d3a07fe2ea4ceea Zhang_et_al_Remote_Sensing_2017.pdf f6db3183ce32aba691be930d8fcccf44653e9373cba0b92ef04a52056e479d1e Zhang_et_al_Remote_Sensing_2017.pdf Title: Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) for Detecting Responses of Diurnal and Seasonal Photosynthetic Activity to Experimental Drought and Warming in a Mediterranean Shrubland Subject: Climatic warming and drying are having profound impacts on terrestrial carbon cycling by altering plant physiological traits and photosynthetic processes, particularly for species in the semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems. More effective methods of remote sensing are needed to accurately assess the physiological responses and seasonal photosynthetic activities of evergreen species to climate change. We evaluated the stand reflectance in parallel to the diurnal and seasonal changes in gas exchange, fluorescence and water contents of leaves and soil for a Mediterranean evergreen shrub, Erica multiflora, submitted to long-term experimental warming and drought. We also calculated a differential photochemical reflectance index (PRI, morning PRI subtracted from midday PRI) to assess the diurnal responses of photosynthesis (A) to warming and drought. The results indicated that the PRI, but not the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), was able to assess the seasonal changes of photosynthesis. Changes in water index (WI) were consistent with seasonal foliar water content (WC). In the warming treatment, A value was higher than control in winter but Yield was significantly lower in both summer and autumn, demonstrating the positive effect of the warming on the photosynthesis in winter and the negative effect in summer and autumn, i.e., increased photosynthetic midday depression in summer and autumn, when temperatures were much higher than in winter. Drought treatment increased the midday depression of photosynthesis in summer. Importantly, PRI was significantly correlated with A both under warming and drought, indicating the applicability of PRI for tracking the midday depression of photosynthetic processes. Using PRI and PRI to monitor the variability in photosynthesis could provide a simple method to remotely sense photosynthetic seasonality and midday depression in response to ongoing and future environmental stresses. Keywords: drought; evergreen; midday depression; photochemical reflectance index (PRI); photosynthesis; remote sensing; warming; water index (WI) Author: Chao Zhang, Iolanda Filella, Daijun Liu, Romà Ogaya, Joan Llusià, Dolores Asensio and Josep Peñuelas Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.17 CreationDate: Mon Nov 20 07:49:18 2017 CET ModDate: Mon Nov 20 13:16:50 2017 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 21 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1903895 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- HFVUAI+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 849 0 AYBTFC+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 853 0 PVHVGM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 856 0 BKHXWP+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 859 0 MPUDFL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 862 0 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