e7beb828d3e6b49ca3ee4e3088ff6c78 pmc_30209339.pdf 44ed99d30cc163692f9de7c784f68b21a1f9224b pmc_30209339.pdf 6da7488409a9a70190d0482de75ac100b7bce09d3437f2ca4331dd279ce19015 pmc_30209339.pdf Title: Antimicrobial promotion of pig growth is associated with tissue-specific remodeling of bile acid signature and signaling Subject: Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32107-9 Keywords: Author: Ignacio R. Ipharraguerre Creator: Springer Producer: iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (AGPL-version) CreationDate: Wed Sep 5 19:43:23 2018 CEST ModDate: Thu Sep 6 12:17:30 2018 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: AcroForm JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 782.362 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 2220943 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- GCWZLW+Corbel CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 571 0 WXGNWQ+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 572 0 LVHLKE+Corbel-Bold2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 90 0 WUWXTL+Corbel2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 92 0 CMUWHE+Corbel-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 128 0 MinionPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes no yes 93 0 LVHLKE+Corbel-Bold2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 461 0 WUWXTL+Corbel2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 462 0 GCWZLW+Corbel CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 601 0 MyriadPro-It Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 464 0 MinionPro-It Type 1C Custom yes no yes 89 0 EuclidSymbol Type 1C Custom yes no yes 91 0 WUWXTL+Corbel2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 465 0 GCWZLW+Corbel CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 463 0 VZQEIS+STIXGeneral-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 126 0 MinionPro-Bold Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 127 0 LVHLKE+Corbel-Bold2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 480 0 WUWXTL+Corbel2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 481 0 GCWZLW+Corbel CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 482 0 MyriadPro-It Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 483 0 EuclidSymbol-Italic Type 1C Custom yes no yes 243 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-01-19 07:08:41 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_30209339.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2020-02-24 03:40:35 CET Size: 2220943 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 661 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: EN Outlines: Item: Title: Antimicrobial promotion of pig growth is associated with tissue-specific remodeling of bile acid signature and signaling Children: Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: Antimicrobials promote growth independently of the metabolic phenotype. Item: Title: Antimicrobials converge in altering bile acid biosynthesis by gut microbiota. Item: Title: Antimicrobials modify the profile of bile acid in multiple tissues. Item: Title: Antimicrobials enhance the circulating concentration of FGF19. Item: Title: Intestinal protection by antimicrobials is associated with activation of FXR and TGR5 in the intestine. Item: Title: Antimicrobials remodel bile acid signaling in liver and adipose tissue but not in muscle. Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: Methods Children: Item: Title: Animal Experiments. Item: Title: Sample Collection. Item: Title: Explant Assay. Item: Title: Ussing Chamber Assay. Item: Title: Gut Microbiota Analysis. Item: Title: Bile Acid Analysis. Item: Title: Bile Salt Hydrolase Assay. Item: Title: Gene-Expression Analysis. Item: Title: Hormone and Metabolite Quantification. Item: Title: Statistical Analysis. Item: Title: Acknowledgements Item: Title: Figure 1 Growth promotion by in-feed antimicrobials (AMA) is paralleled by inconsistent alterations in the metabolic profile of pigs. Item: Title: Figure 2 In-feed antimicrobials (AMA) have irregular influence on the intestinal microbiota of pigs. Item: Title: Figure 3 Feeding antimicrobials (AMA) to pigs alter the synthesis of secondary bile acids and the profile of bile acids (BA) in a tissue-specific manner. Item: Title: Figure 4 Feeding antimicrobials to pigs enhance the circulating concentration of FGF19 by targeting intestinal FXR. Item: Title: Figure 5 The enteroprotective action of in-feed antimicrobials in pigs is associated with increased signaling through intestinal FXR and TGR5. Item: Title: Figure 6 Feeding antimicrobials to pigs alter bile acid signaling in liver and subcutaneous white adipose (sWAT). Item: Title: Figure 7 Model for bile acid (BA)-induced adaptations underlying growth promotion by antimicrobials (AMA) in pigs. Info: Title: Antimicrobial promotion of pig growth is associated with tissue-specific remodeling of bile acid signature and signaling Author: Ignacio R. Ipharraguerre Subject: Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32107-9 Keywords: Creator: Springer Producer: iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (AGPL-version) CreationDate: Wed Sep 05 20:13:23 CEST 2018 ModDate: Thu Sep 06 12:17:30 CEST 2018 ID: 0x723344f2c69f6f10d15358b4f9dc7593, 0x6e4db8111eebd5c3ecb75d413a0704fb Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1100 ImageHeight: 90 ColorSpace: black is zero BitsPerSample: 1 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 491 ImageHeight: 288 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1356 ImageHeight: 313 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1400 ImageHeight: 410 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: CMUWHE+Corbel-Bold Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GCWZLW+Corbel Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Type1: Font: BaseFont: EuclidSymbol-Italic FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: EuclidSymbol-Italic Flags: Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -166, -276, 1162, 950 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MinionPro-It FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MinionPro-It Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -201, -360, 1684, 1002 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: LVHLKE+Corbel-Bold2 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: LVHLKE+Corbel-Bold2 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -556, -239, 1155, 952 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: EuclidSymbol FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: EuclidSymbol Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -253, 1090, 950 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: WUWXTL+Corbel2 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: WUWXTL+Corbel2 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -553, -239, 1110, 952 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: WXGNWQ+TimesNewRomanPSMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 120 FontDescriptor: FontName: WXGNWQ+TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2000, 1007 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MinionPro-Regular FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MinionPro-Regular Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -290, -360, 1684, 989 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: VZQEIS+STIXGeneral-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 30 LastChar: 31 FontDescriptor: FontName: VZQEIS+STIXGeneral-Regular Flags: Serif, Symbolic FontBBox: -995, -455, 2000, 1055 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MinionPro-Bold FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MinionPro-Bold Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -319, -360, 1684, 1024 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: CMUWHE+Corbel-Bold CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: CMUWHE+Corbel-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -556, -239, 1155, 952 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: GCWZLW+Corbel CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: GCWZLW+Corbel Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -553, -239, 1110, 952 FontFile2: true XMP: application/pdf doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32107-9 Springer US Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32107-9 Antimicrobial promotion of pig growth is associated with tissue-specific remodeling of bile acid signature and signaling Ignacio R. Ipharraguerre Jose J. 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