85e3324cbdc81952c2db399c663d793f fernandez-martinez_et_al_2019-RSE.pdf 918c48d99c26975e715fbe87b8308205b22ae91e fernandez-martinez_et_al_2019-RSE.pdf 280119f7b27323f955097dabb06cdcc992bed41fe94c97f087713f0203ba768b fernandez-martinez_et_al_2019-RSE.pdf Title: Monitoring Spatial and Temporal Variabilities of Gross Primary Production Using MAIAC MODIS Data Subject: Remotely sensed vegetation indices (RSVIs) can be used to efficiently estimate terrestrial primary productivity across space and time. Terrestrial productivity, however, has many facets (e.g., spatial and temporal variability, including seasonality, interannual variability, and trends), and different vegetation indices may not be equally good at predicting them. Their accuracy in monitoring productivity has been mostly tested in single-ecosystem studies, but their performance in different ecosystems distributed over large areas still needs to be fully explored. To fill this gap, we identified the facets of terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) that could be monitored using RSVIs. We compared the temporal and spatial patterns of four vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, NIRV, and CCI), derived from the MODIS MAIAC data set and of GPP derived from data from 58 eddy-flux towers in eight ecosystems with different plant functional types (evergreen needle-leaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, mixed forest, open shrubland, grassland, cropland, and wetland) distributed throughout Europe, covering Mediterranean, temperate, and boreal regions. The RSVIs monitored temporal variability well in most of the ecosystem types, with grasslands and evergreen broad-leaved forests most strongly and weakly correlated with weekly and monthly RSVI data, respectively. The performance of the RSVIs monitoring temporal variability decreased sharply, however, when the seasonal component of the time series was removed, suggesting that the seasonal cycles of both the GPP and RSVI time series were the dominant drivers of their relationships. Removing winter values from the analyses did not affect the results. NDVI and CCI identified the spatial variability of average annual GPP, and all RSVIs identified GPP seasonality well. The RSVI estimates, however, could not estimate the interannual variability of GPP across sites or monitor the trends of GPP. Overall, our results indicate that RSVIs are suitable to track different facets of GPP variability at the local scale, therefore they are reliable sources of GPP monitoring at larger geographical scales. Keywords: GPP; seasonality; interannual variability; trends; forests Author: Marcos Fernández-Martínez, Rong Yu, John Gamon, Gabriel Hmimina, Iolanda Filella, Manuela Balzarolo, Benjamin Stocker and Josep Peñuelas Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Thu Apr 11 08:22:41 2019 CEST ModDate: Thu Apr 11 08:22:41 2019 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4538733 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- QLCCYP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 77 0 NEJUKS+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 78 0 SSNIUI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 79 0 XUHHUS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 80 0 REUECL+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 81 0 ZKJPJD+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 86 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 103 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 104 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 105 0 GOKBJK+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 175 0 GOKBOK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 176 0 GOKBOM+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 177 0 GOKCFK+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 178 0 GIGFZE+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 210 0 LYMZGQ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 211 0 GOKBJK+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 220 0 GOKBOK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 221 0 GOKBOM+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 222 0 GOKCFK+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 223 0 GOKEEA+CambriaMath CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 224 0 GOLFLG+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 365 0 GOKBJK+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 366 0 GOKBOK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 367 0 GOKBOM+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 368 0 GOKCFK+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 369 0 USGNHV+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 490 0 MDIKPC+CMBSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 491 0 CRJHCU+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 499 0 CIDFont+F1 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 501 0 CIDFont+F3 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 502 0 CIDFont+F2 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 503 0 CIDFont+F4 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 504 0 GOKBJK+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 550 0 GOKBOK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 551 0 GOKBOM+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 552 0 GOKCFK+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 553 0 CIDFont+F1 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 569 0 CIDFont+F3 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 570 0 CIDFont+F2 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 571 0 CIDFont+F4 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 572 0 CIDFont+F1 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 618 0 CIDFont+F3 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 619 0 CIDFont+F2 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 620 0 CIDFont+F4 CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 621 0 java.lang.ClassCastException: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject cannot be cast to edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfDictionary at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.PdfModule.readDocCatalogDict(PdfModule.java:1284) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.PdfModule.parse(PdfModule.java:525) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.processFile(JhoveBase.java:825) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.process(JhoveBase.java:614) at edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.JhoveBase.dispatch(JhoveBase.java:465) at Jhove.main(Jhove.java:296) Jhove (Rel. 1.6, 2011-01-04) Date: 2019-07-24 05:09:18 CEST RepresentationInformation: fernandez-martinez_et_al_2019-RSE.pdf ReportingModule: BYTESTREAM, Rel. 1.3 (2007-04-10) LastModified: 2019-04-23 11:01:22 CEST Size: 4538733 Format: bytestream Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/octet-stream Checksum: efc5b30f Type: CRC32 Checksum: 85e3324cbdc81952c2db399c663d793f Type: MD5 Checksum: 918c48d99c26975e715fbe87b8308205b22ae91e Type: SHA-1