859bf105bdc2a2a23eab13fc4df80ec6 animals_a2019v9p924.pdf 93a7fa6171ebd50d4c946ce2837ad63841f6ee9c animals_a2019v9p924.pdf 02ed93d07654b207e4e4bc163a14bbf0c4d04a31e2ca7eacefdec6651c3e7543 animals_a2019v9p924.pdf Title: The Use of an Activity Monitoring System for the Early Detection of Health Disorders in Young Bulls Subject: Bulls (n = 770, average age = 127 days, SD = 53 days of age) were fitted with an activity monitoring device for three months to study if behavior could be used for early detection of diseases. The device measured the number of steps, lying time, lying bouts, and frequency and time of attendance at the feed bunk. All healthy bulls (n = 699) throughout the trial were used to describe the normal behavior. A match-pair test was used to assign healthy bulls for the comparison vs. sick bulls. The model was developed with 70% of the data, and the remaining 30% was used for the validation. Healthy bulls did 2422 128 steps/day, had 28 1 lying bouts/day, spent 889 12 min/day lying, and attended the feed bunk 8 0.2 times/d for a total of 95 8 min/day. From the total of bulls enrolled in the study, 71 (9.2%) were diagnosed sick. Their activities changed at least 10 days before the clinical signs of disease. Bulls at risk of becoming sick were predicted 9 days before clinical signs with a sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 81%, respectively. The validation of the model resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 92%, 42%, and 82 %, respectively, and a 50% false positive and 12.5% false negative rates. Results suggest that activity-monitoring systems may be useful in the early identification of sick bulls. However, the high false positive rate may require further refinement. Keywords: beef cattle; activity monitoring; behavior; diseases Author: Mohammed Anouar Belaid, Maria Rodriguez-Prado, Eric Chevaux and Sergio Calsamiglia Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Tue Nov 5 12:29:39 2019 CET ModDate: Tue Nov 5 12:29:39 2019 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1464174 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- RLWUPS+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 85 0 DNNIAO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 86 0 WQKQAC+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 87 0 CQZVIY+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 88 0 OFLXAT+Rpxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 89 0 USXBDB+Pxsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 90 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 95 0 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PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: ぉのぴひはつふっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸲ Item: Title: きちぴづひどちぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぁのどねちぬび〬ぜ〴ぜ〰えはふびどので〬ぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰きちのちでづねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぃはぬぬづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぴどびぴどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Children: Item: Title: ぁのどねちぬび〬ぜ〴ぜ〰えはふびどので〬ぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰きちのちでづねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぃはぬぬづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぴどびぴどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぃはぬぬづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぴどびぴどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: こぴちぴどびぴどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: げづびふぬぴびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぎはひねちぬぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Children: Item: Title: ぎはひねちぬぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: いどびっふびびどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぎはひねちぬぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ Children: Item: Title: ぎはひねちぬぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ Item: Title: いどててづひづのっづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰あづとちぶどはひぜ〴ぜ〰あづぴぷづづのぜ〴ぜ〰えづちぬぴとべぜ〴ぜ〰ぶび〮ぜ〴ぜ〰こどっにぜ〴ぜ〰あふぬぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ Item: Title: ぐひづつどっぴどぶづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ Item: Title: ぃはのっぬふびどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ Item: Title: げづてづひづのっづび Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: RLWUPS+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 44 LastChar: 228 FontDescriptor: FontName: RLWUPS+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: GBLQZB+Rpxi FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 11 FontDescriptor: FontName: GBLQZB+Rpxi Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -162, -280, 856, 733 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: DNNIAO+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: DNNIAO+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: 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