5b01f1680049320db4e4284630aa26da forests_a2019v10p727.pdf 53475382cb9d3719bd01efa5b2ec66df4e80583e forests_a2019v10p727.pdf efd1bfe7b3b96e310b632c5be938ecf9a3649d393a8f21fbf86ac698783ef462 forests_a2019v10p727.pdf Title: Regeneration in the Understory of Declining Overstory Trees Contributes to Soil Respiration Homeostasis along Succession in a Sub-Mediterranean Beech Forest Subject: Research Highlights: Tree decline can alter soil carbon cycling, given the close relationship between primary production and the activity of roots and soil microbes. Background and Objectives: We studied how tree decline associated to old age and accelerated by land-use change and increased drought in the last decades, affects soil properties and soil respiration (Rs). Materials and Methods: We measured Rs over two years around centennial European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees representing a gradient of decline in a sub-Mediterranean forest stand, where the number of centennial beech trees has decreased by 54% in the last century. Four replicate plots were established around trees (i) with no apparent crown dieback, (ii) less than 40% crown dieback, (iii) more than 50% crown dieback, and (iv) dead. Results: Temporal variations in Rs were controlled by soil temperature (Ts) and soil water content (SWC). The increase in Rs with Ts depended on SWC. The temperature-normalized Rs exhibited a parabolic relationship with SWC, suggesting a reduced root and microbial respiration associated to drought and waterlogging. The response of Rs to SWC did not vary among tree-decline classes. However, the sensitivity of Rs to Ts was higher around vigorous trees than around those with early symptoms of decline. Spatial variations in Rs were governed by soil carbon to nitrogen ratio, which had a negative effect on Rs, and SWC during summer, when drier plots had lower Rs than wetter plots. These variations were independent of the tree vigor. The basal area of recruits, which was three times (although non-significantly) higher under declining and dead trees than under vigorous trees, had a positive effect on Rs. However, the mean Rs did not change among tree-decline classes. These results indicate that Rs and related soil physico-chemical variables are resilient to the decline and death of dominant centennial trees. Conclusions: The development of advanced regeneration as overstory beech trees decline and die contribute to the Rs homeostasis along forest succession. Keywords: successional stage; forest decline; tree old-age; old-growth forest; soil carbon; soil nitrogen; rhizosphere; root biomass Author: Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Roberto Salomón, Josep Barba, Guillermo G. Gordaliza, Jorge Curiel Yuste, Carlos Magro and Luis Gil Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Sat Aug 24 08:45:28 2019 CEST ModDate: Sat Aug 24 08:45:28 2019 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 18 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4012087 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- PWAANA+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 93 0 ETCRJU+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 94 0 FXKWJE+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 95 0 NLKXRK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 96 0 XWUXJD+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 97 0 SYXPPI+Rpxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 98 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 117 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 118 0 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Builtin yes yes no 676 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2020-08-10 13:17:18 CEST RepresentationInformation: forests_a2019v10p727.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2020-01-13 10:48:31 CET Size: 4012087 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 2 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: ぉのぴひはつふっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸲ Item: Title: きちぴづひどちぬびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぁひづちぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰いづびどでのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰こぴふつべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばどひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはばづひぴどづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げははぴぜ〴ぜ〰いづのびどぴべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Children: Item: Title: ぁひづちぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰いづびどでのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰こぴふつべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばどひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはばづひぴどづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げははぴぜ〴ぜ〰いづのびどぴべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばどひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはばづひぴどづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げははぴぜ〴ぜ〰いづのびどぴべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはばづひぴどづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げははぴぜ〴ぜ〰いづのびどぴべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: げづびふぬぴびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぅのぶどひはのねづのぴちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃはのつどぴどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ごづねばはひちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こばちぴどちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Children: Item: Title: ぅのぶどひはのねづのぴちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃはのつどぴどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ごづねばはひちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こばちぴどちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ごづねばはひちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こばちぴどちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: こばちぴどちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰こはどぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぐとべびどっは〭ぃとづねどっちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: いどびっふびびどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いはづびぜ〴ぜ〰げびぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづづぜ〴ぜ〰いづっぬどのづぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰きちぴふひづぜ〴ぜ〰あづづっとぜ〴ぜ〰うはひづびぴ〿ぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㐮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰えはぷぜ〴ぜ〰こしぃぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ごびぜ〴ぜ〰ぇはぶづひのぜ〴ぜ〰ごづねばはひちぬぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちのでづびぜ〴ぜ〰どのぜ〴ぜ〰げび〿ぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸵ 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