73387b03ba2230135188a7a6922be06d genes_a2019v10p627.pdf 4af83965bad28a7a23882e2ef74355c3c7724fe3 genes_a2019v10p627.pdf d5ef8d837c1301ed97c89718681c1628a3befe9f5a8ae68383189581db5d2a95 genes_a2019v10p627.pdf Title: Chromosomics: Bridging the Gap between Genomes and Chromosomes Subject: The recent advances in DNA sequencing technology are enabling a rapid increase in the number of genomes being sequenced. However, many fundamental questions in genome biology remain unanswered, because sequence data alone is unable to provide insight into how the genome is organised into chromosomes, the position and interaction of those chromosomes in the cell, and how chromosomes and their interactions with each other change in response to environmental stimuli or over time. The intimate relationship between DNA sequence and chromosome structure and function highlights the need to integrate genomic and cytogenetic data to more comprehensively understand the role genome architecture plays in genome plasticity. We propose adoption of the term ‘chromosomics’ as an approach encompassing genome sequencing, cytogenetics and cell biology, and present examples of where chromosomics has already led to novel discoveries, such as the sex-determining gene in eutherian mammals. More importantly, we look to the future and the questions that could be answered as we enter into the chromosomics revolution, such as the role of chromosome rearrangements in speciation and the role more rapidly evolving regions of the genome, like centromeres, play in genome plasticity. However, for chromosomics to reach its full potential, we need to address several challenges, particularly the training of a new generation of cytogeneticists, and the commitment to a closer union among the research areas of genomics, cytogenetics, cell biology and bioinformatics. Overcoming these challenges will lead to ground-breaking discoveries in understanding genome evolution and function. Keywords: cytogenetics; sex chromosomes; chromosome rearrangements; genome plasticity; centromere; genome biology; evolution Author: Janine E. Deakin, Sally Potter, Rachel O’Neill, Aurora Ruiz-Herrera, Marcelo B. Cioffi, Mark D.B. Eldridge, Kichi Fukui, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Darren Griffin, Frank Grutzner, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Ikuo Miura, Michail Rovatsos, Kornsorn Srikulnath, Erik Wapstra and Tariq Ezaz Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Tue Aug 20 12:13:04 2019 CEST ModDate: Tue Aug 20 12:13:04 2019 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 956210 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JCWPZW+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 75 0 NPZNKZ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 76 0 QTLELQ+Pxbsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 77 0 RCFYRP+Rpxb Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 78 0 SSNIUI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 79 0 IBFVQP+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 80 0 VEUUVS+Pxsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 81 0 NNKDOL+VnURWPalladioL 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