Published for SISSA by Springer Received: November 28, 2018 Revised: April 3, 2019 Accepted: April 27, 2019 Published: May 21, 2019 Search for Higgs boson pair production in the WW(∗)WW(∗) decay channel using ATLAS data JHEP05(2019)124 √ recorded at s = 13 TeV The ATLAS collaboration E-mail: atlas.publications@cern.ch Abstract: A search for a pair of neutral, scalar bosons with each decaying into two W bosons is presented using 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass en- ergy of 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This search uses three production models: non-resonant and resonant Higgs boson pair pro- duction and resonant production of a pair of heavy scalar particles. Three final states, classified by the number of leptons, are analysed: two same-sign leptons, three leptons, and four leptons. No significant excess over the expected Standard Model backgrounds is observed. An observed (expected) 95% confidence-level upper limit of 160 (120) times the Standard Model prediction of non-resonant Higgs boson pair production cross-section is set from a combined analysis of the three final states. Upper limits are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio of a heavy scalar X decaying into a Higgs boson pair in the mass range of 260 GeV ≤ mX ≤ 500 GeV and the observed (expected) limits range from 9.3 (10) pb to 2.8 (2.6) pb. Upper limits are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio of a heavy scalar X decaying into a pair of heavy scalars S for mass ranges of 280 GeV ≤ mX ≤ 340 GeV and 135 GeV ≤ mS ≤ 165 GeV and the observed (expected) limits range from 2.5 (2.5) pb to 0.16 (0.17) pb. Keywords: Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) ArXiv ePrint: 1811.11028 Open Access, Copyright CERN, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2019)124 for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration. Article funded by SCOAP3 . Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Data and simulation samples 3 3 Object selection 4 4 Event selection 5 JHEP05(2019)124 5 Background estimation 6 6 Systematic uncertainties 7 7 Results 8 8 Conclusions 11 A Final selection criteria 12 The ATLAS collaboration 22 1 Introduction A scalar boson was discovered by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations [1, 2] in 2012. It has been shown to have properties consistent with those predicted for the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, H, through spin and coupling measurements [3, 3–10]. These measurements are based on production of the Higgs boson via gluon-gluon fusion, vector-boson fusion and in association with a W or Z boson or a top quark pair. The SM predicts non-resonant Higgs boson pair production via top quark loops as well as through self-coupling. The SM HH production cross-section is computed to be 33.4 fb [11, 12] at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD, including resummation of soft-gluon emission at next-to-next-to- leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy for mH = 125.09 GeV. The actual production rate could be larger than that predicted in the SM due to a variety of Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics effects. One such extension includes a modification to the SM Higgs self-coupling, λHHH , and another the existence of a new heavy resonance which decays into a pair of Higgs bosons. An important Higgs boson decay channel is H → V V (∗) in which V can be either a W or Z boson, on or off-shell, and this paper focuses on the 4W final state [13] in both SM and BSM HH production scenarios. This work investigates HH production through three different processes. The first is (1.1) the SM HH production (non-resonant HH). The second and third are both BSM processes inspired by an extended Higgs sector, such as a two-Higgs-doublet model [14], in –1– which a neutral heavy Higgs boson, X [15] is produced and decays either (1.2) directly into two SM Higgs bosons (resonant HH) or (1.3) into a pair of new scalar bosons, S (X → SS), each of which in turn decays to other SM particles with the same mass-dependent branching ratios of the SM H. The reactions considered in this work are: pp → HH → W W (∗) W W (∗) (non-resonant, SM), (1.1) pp → X → HH → W W (∗) W W (∗) (resonant, BSM), and (1.2) (∗) (∗) pp → X → SS → W W WW (X → SS, BSM). (1.3) The measured final states encompass multiple combinations of leptons and hadrons: JHEP05(2019)124 W W (∗) W W (∗) → `ν + `ν + 4q, W W (∗) W W (∗) → `ν + `ν + `ν + 2q, or W W (∗) W W (∗) → `ν + `ν + `ν + `ν where ` is either an electron or a muon, q refers to quark and anti-quark decay products from the hadronically decaying W boson(s), and ν represents a neutrino, which results in missing transverse momentum. Therefore, three final states are searched for with two, three, or four leptons (plus missing energy and multiple jets), which allow any of the mentioned production modes to be probed. The production of a new X scalar (1.2) would be seen as a local excess in the recon- structed di-Higgs mass spectrum. It is assumed in this work that mX > 2mH such that both H are produced on their mass shell. In the other extended Higgs sector model (1.3) X → SS is assumed to be the dominant X decay mode. In this scenario, the W W (∗) W W (∗) channel is the dominant decay mode for the mass ranges 270 GeV < mX < 2mt and 135 GeV < mS < mX /2, where mt , mX and mS are the mass of the top quark, X, and S scalars, respectively. The mass range mX > 2mt , where X → tt̄ is expected to dominate, is not considered. It is assumed that mS > 135 GeV such that S → W W (∗) is the dominant decay mode. It is also assumed that mS < mX /2 such that both S bosons are produced on their mass shell. Previous searches were performed for resonant and non-resonant HH production us- ing various channels, such as bbγγ [16, 17], bbbb [18–20], bbV V [21], bbτ τ [22, 23] and W W γγ [24], with data from the ATLAS and CMS experiments. Additionally, a combi- nation of channels has been performed using data from the CMS experiment [25]. This paper describes a search for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the HH → W W ∗ W W ∗ decay channel and for an extended Higgs sector with the decay of X → SS → W W (∗) W W (∗) . The analysis is divided into three independent channels depending on the number of light leptons (e or µ) from leptonic decays of W bosons, and then statistically combined to give the final result. This paper is organised as follows. Data and simulation samples are described in section 2. The object reconstruction and selection are outlined in section 3. Section 4 details the event selection for each of the three final states analysed. The background estimation and the systematic uncertainties are described in section 5 and section 6, respectively. The –2– results of this analysis are presented in section 7 and summarised in section 8. Finally, the appendix lists the lepton pairing strategy used in each channel, the final event selection criteria and the corresponding acceptance and selection efficiencies. 2 Data and simulation samples The data were collected with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 using pp collisions √ produced at s = 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), corresponding to an inte- grated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 [26]. The ATLAS detector is described in detail in ref. [27]. JHEP05(2019)124 Only data-taking periods in which all relevant detector systems are operational are used. Samples simulated using Monte Carlo (MC) techniques are used to estimate the signal acceptance and selection efficiency. Simulated samples are also used to estimate the accep- tance and selection efficiency for various background processes which contribute prompt leptons from W or Z boson decay and leptons originating from photon conversion. Back- grounds due to electrons with misidentified charge and jets misidentified as leptons are estimated using data-driven techniques, as described in section 5. The non-resonant gg → HH and resonant gg → X → HH signal samples in which H is constrained to decay into W W ∗ are generated using MadGraph5 aMC@NLO [28, 29] with the CT10 parton distribution function (PDF) set [30] and the parton shower is modelled by Herwig++ [31] with the UEEE5 set of tuned parameters (tune) for the underlying event [32] and the CTEQ6L1 PDF set [33]. In resonant production, X decays into a pair of SM Higgs bosons with a negligible width compared to the experimental mass resolution. Various resonance mass hypotheses, mX , are considered: 260, 300, 400, and 500 GeV. The branching ratio B(X → HH) is assumed to be one. Samples of X → SS → W W (∗) W W (∗) events produced by gluon-gluon fusion are generated at leading order (LO) using Pythia 8 with the NNPDF2.3LO PDF set [34] such that both the X and S scalars are assumed to have narrow decay widths. The mass hypotheses are selected to scan a range of both mX and mS . In the first scan, mS is fixed to 135 GeV for samples with mX = 280, 300, 320, and 340 GeV. In the second scan, mX is fixed to 340 GeV for samples with mS = 135, 145, 155, and 165 GeV. The branching ratio B(X → SS) is assumed to be one and the branching ratio B(S → W W (∗) ) is assumed to be the mass-dependent expected branching ratios of the SM Higgs boson. Multi-boson (V V /V V V ) and V γ background samples are generated at next-to-leading- order (NLO) using Sherpa 2.1 [35]. The V +jets samples are generated at NLO with Sherpa 2.2. The CT10 PDF set is used for these samples. The V H background sample is generated at leading-order (LO) using Pythia 8 with the NNPDF2.3LO PDF set. The tt̄ background sample is generated at NLO using Powheg-Box 2.0 [36] interfaced with Pythia 8 with the NNPDF2.3LO PDF set. Single-top background samples are generated at NLO using Powheg-Box 2.0 interfaced with Pythia 6.4 [37] with the CT10 PDF set. The tt̄V background sample is generated at NLO using MadGraph5 aMC@NLO interfaced with Pythia 8 with the NNPDF2.3LO PDF set. The tt̄H background sample is generated at NLO using MadGraph5 aMC@NLO interfaced with Herwig++ with the –3– NNPDF3.0 [38] PDF set. The simulated samples of tt̄, tt̄H, tt̄V , and V V are described in more detail in refs. [39–41]. The standard ATLAS detector simulation [42] based on Geant4 [43] is used for back- ground simulated samples. For signal events, the calorimeter simulation is replaced with the fast ATLAS calorimeter simulation [44] that uses a parameterised detector response. Soft collisions generated using Pythia 8 [45] with the CTEQ6L1 PDF set and the A2 tune [46] are overlaid on the hard-scatter processes. The number of in-time and out-of- time collisions per bunch crossing (pileup) is adjusted to that observed in data. JHEP05(2019)124 3 Object selection Electron candidates are reconstructed from energy clusters in the electromagnetic calorime- ter that are associated with tracks reconstructed in the inner detector (ID). Electrons are identified using medium (tight) criteria [47] for the four lepton channel (two and three lepton channels). Electrons are required to have a transverse energy ET > 10 GeV and be within the detector fiducial volume of |η| < 2.47 excluding the transition region between the barrel and end-cap calorimeter, 1.37 < |η| < 1.52.1 Muon candidates are reconstructed by combining tracks reconstructed in the ID with tracks reconstructed in the muon spectrom- eter. Muons are identified using medium (tight) criteria [48] for the four lepton channel (two and three lepton channels). Muons are required to have a transverse momentum pT > 10 GeV and |η| < 2.5. Electrons are required to satisfy calorimeter and track isola- tion criteria and muons are required to satisfy a track isolation criterion. The calorimeter (track) isolation requires that the total sum of cluster transverse energies (transverse mo- menta of tracks with pT > 1 GeV) in a surrounding cone of size ∆R = 0.2 around the lepton, excluding the cluster ET (track pT ) of the lepton from the sum, is less than 30% (15%) of the pT of the lepton for the four lepton selection and 6% for the two and three lepton selections. Jets are reconstructed from calibrated topological clusters in the calorimeters [49] using the anti-kt algorithm [50] with a radius parameter R = 0.4. Jet energies are corrected for effects from the detector and from pileup [51] using simulated and in situ techniques [51]. Jets are required to have pT > 25 GeV and |η| < 2.5. Jets with pT < 60 GeV and |η| < 2.4 are required to satisfy additional pileup rejection criteria [52]. Jets containing b-hadrons are identified (b-tagged) using the MV2c10 multivariate discriminant [53]. The b-tagging requirement results in an efficiency of 70% for jets containing b-hadrons, as determined in a simulated sample of tt̄ events [54]. An overlap removal procedure is applied in order to resolve ambiguities between reconstructed physics objects. Jets within ∆R = 0.2 of a reconstructed electron are removed. If the nearest remaining jet is within ∆R = 0.4 of an electron, the electron is removed. Selected muons with an angular separation of 1 ATLAS uses a right-handed coordinate system with its origin at the nominal interaction point (IP) in the centre of the detector and the z-axis along the beam pipe. The x-axis points from the IP to the centre of the LHC ring, and the y-axis points upwards. Cylindrical coordinates (r, φ) are used in the transverse plane, φ being the azimuthal angle around the z-axis. The pseudorapidity is pdefined in terms of the polar angle θ as η = − ln tan(θ/2). Angular distance is measured in units of ∆R ≡ (∆η)2 + (∆φ)2 . –4– ∆R < min(0.4, 0.04 + 10 GeV/pµT ) from the nearest jet are removed if the jet has at least three tracks originating from the primary vertex; otherwise the jet is removed and the muon is kept. The missing transverse momentum, ET miss , vector is the negative of the vector sum of the transverse momenta of all electrons, muons, and jets. Tracks from the primary vertex2 that are not associated with any objects are also taken into account in the ETmiss reconstruction [55]. 4 Event selection Events are required to pass single-lepton or dilepton triggers [56] with minimum pT thresh- JHEP05(2019)124 olds in the range 20–26 GeV, depending on the data collection period, and to have at least two leptons (e or µ). Events are also required to have at least one lepton (two leptons) to be matched to the single-lepton (dilepton) trigger signatures. A higher pT requirement than the online trigger pT threshold is applied to the trigger-matched lepton. Three channels are defined according to the number of reconstructed leptons (two leptons, three leptons and four leptons), and events are further classified according to the charge and flavour of the leptons. In order to suppress top quark backgrounds and to be orthogonal to other Higgs boson pair production searches (bbγγ [16], bbbb [18], and bbτ τ [22]) at ATLAS, events containing b-tagged jets are rejected. Events in the two lepton channel are required to have exactly two leptons with the same electric charge, while the three lepton channel events are required to have exactly P three leptons with a summed electric charge i∈` qi = ±1. Events are required to have Njets ≥ 2 and ET miss > 10 (30) GeV for the two (three) lepton channel. In order to suppress backgrounds containing a Z boson in the same-sign ee channel (due to the misidentification of an electron’s charge) and in the three lepton channel, events are removed if they contained a same-flavour lepton pair with an invariant mass, m`` , near the Z boson mass: |m`` − mZ | < 10 GeV. In order to reduce the backgrounds from non-prompt leptons, the leading (subleading) lepton is required to have pT > 30 (20) GeV in the two lepton channel. The two leptons with the same charge are both required to have pT > 20 GeV in the three lepton channel. For non-resonant production and resonant production with mX > 300 GeV, signal events tend to have jets with larger pT compared to low mX resonant production scenarios and thus Njets ≥ 3 is required in the two lepton channel to account for more jets passing the pT requirement. Additionally, events containing a same-flavour opposite-sign (SFOS) lepton pair with an invariant mass m`` < 15 GeV are also removed in order to suppress backgrounds from hadron resonances or virtual photons. Following this preselection, a number of observables are considered and four variables are chosen based on the ranking of the generic algorithm [57] and the correlations betweeen variables. These four variables that consist of the angular separation between each lepton and the nearest jet as well as invariant masses among different combinations of the leptons and jets are used for further selection. The final selections on these variables are optimised in order to maximise signal 2 Proton-proton collision vertices are reconstructed by requiring that at least two tracks with pT > 0.4 GeV are associated with a given vertex. The primary vertex is defined as the vertex with the P 2 largest pT,track . –5– 240 Events / 20 GeV Events / 25 GeV Events / 20 GeV Data Prompt-lepton 350 Data ZZ 450 ATLAS Data Prompt-lepton 220 ATLAS ATLAS 400 s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Fake-lepton QmisID 200 s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Fake-lepton Vγ 300 s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Fake-lepton ttZ/VVV eµ, N ≥ 2 Stat+syst 180 3 leptons Stat+syst uncertainty 4 leptons, N =2 Stat+syst uncertainty 350 jet Vγ uncertainty SFOS 160 SM HH mX = 260 GeV 250 SM HH mX = 260 GeV 300 mX = 260 GeV 140 mX = 280 GeV, mS = 135 GeV mX = 280 GeV, mS = 135 GeV mX = 280 GeV, mS = 135 GeV mX = 340 GeV, mS = 165 GeV 200 250 120 mX = 340 GeV, mS = 165 GeV 200 100 150 150 80 60 100 100 40 50 50 20 2 2 2 Data/Bkg Data/Bkg Data/Bkg 1.5 1.5 1.5 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 mll [GeV] mlll [GeV] m4l [GeV] (a) (b) (c) JHEP05(2019)124 Figure 1. Distributions of the invariant mass of (a) two, (b) three, and (c) four leptons for the two, three, and four lepton channels after preselection. The charge misidentification background in the two lepton channel and the non-ZZ backgrounds in the four lepton channel are non-zero but are too small to be seen in the distributions. The shaded band in the ratio plot shows the systematic uncertainty in the background estimate. Resonant HH signal samples are denoted by mX . The integral of each signal sample distribution is scaled to that of the expected background. significance. One of these variables is the invariant mass of two (three) leptons in the two (three) lepton channel and is shown in figure 1a (1b) to illustrate its discriminating power. The optimisation procedure using all four variables is performed separately for each analysis channel, each signal mass point, each lepton flavour category (for the two lepton channel), and each number of same-flavour opposite-sign (NSFOS ) lepton pairs (for the three lepton channel). The optimised selection criteria are listed in tables 3–9 in the appendix. Events in the four lepton channel are required to have exactly four leptons with P i∈` qi = 0. At least one of the leptons is required to have pT > 22 GeV. Events that contain a SFOS lepton pair with m`` < 4 GeV are removed. Following this preselection, selections on the invariant masses and angular separation of lepton pairs are implemented to reject backgrounds containing a Z boson or non-prompt leptons or other objects incor- rectly identified as leptons, known as fake leptons. A summary of the selection criteria used in the four lepton channel is shown in tables 10–11 in the appendix. Figure 1c shows the kinematic distribution of the four lepton invariant mass. 5 Background estimation The backgrounds in this search all have final states that contain leptons that can be classi- fied according to their origin into prompt leptons,3 leptons with misidentified charges, and fake leptons (including non-prompt and misidentified jets). The backgrounds in the two and three lepton channels are dominated by irreducible prompt-lepton processes, includ- ing V V (W Z and ZZ), tt̄Z and V V V , with a significant contribution from fake leptons. The background in the four lepton channel is almost exclusively due to ZZ production (including both on-shell and off-shell production). 3 Leptons not from hadron decays or photon conversions. –6– Prompt-lepton backgrounds are modelled using simulated samples described in sec- tion 2. Control regions containing one pair (two pairs) of SFOS leptons with invariant mass |m`` − mZ | < 10 GeV in the three (four) lepton channel are used to check the mod- elling of W Z (ZZ) background. A data-driven method [7, 58] is used to estimate the charge misidentification rate for electrons from a sample of Z → ee events with mee in a narrow window around mZ . The corresponding same-sign charge misidentification (QmisID) back- ground is evaluated by scaling the opposite-sign events by this rate. The probability of misidentifying the charge of a muon is checked in both data and simulation, and found to be negligible in the kinematic ranges relevant to this analysis. JHEP05(2019)124 In the two and three lepton channels non-prompt-lepton contributions from the conver- sion of prompt photons are estimated using V γ simulated samples. Fake-lepton and non- prompt-lepton contributions from misidentification of hadronic jets as leptons, semileptonic decay of heavy-flavour hadrons and photon conversions from neutral pion decays are esti- mated using data with a fake-factor method [59]. The method defines “tight” leptons as leptons passing all requirements described in section 3 and “anti-tight” leptons as leptons failing the isolation or identification requirements. The fake factor is calculated as the ratio of events with tight leptons to events with one tight lepton replaced by an anti-tight lepton in the data control samples. The control samples of the two and three lepton channels are ensured to be largely orthogonal to corresponding preselection samples by requiring a lower jet multiplicity. A control sample containing three leptons with enriched Z+jets processes is used in the four lepton channel to extract the fake factors. All simulated prompt-lepton contributions are subtracted from the data before measuring the fake factor. The fake- lepton background contributions are estimated by applying the fake factors to events with the same selection as for the signal regions but with at least one anti-tight lepton replacing one of the prompt leptons. The fake factors in the four lepton channel are applied to events in two control samples, one with three tight leptons and one anti-tight lepton and the other with two tight leptons and two anti-tight leptons. 6 Systematic uncertainties Experimental systematic uncertainties are evaluated. They include uncertainties related to the electron and jet energy measurements [51], muon momentum measurement, ET miss modelling [55], and lepton reconstruction, identification, and isolation efficiencies. The dominant systematic uncertainty in the fake-lepton background estimations arises from a closure test of the fake-factor method and the relative contributions from heavy-flavour hadron decays and photon conversions. Pileup modelling, b-tagging efficiencies, and jet pileup rejection modelling are also included. Theoretical uncertainties are evaluated for all simulated samples. These include uncertainties in PDF, QCD scale, and parton shower modelling that impact efficiency times acceptance for signal samples and uncertainties in the production cross-sections for simulated background samples. The statistical uncertain- ties in MC signal and background samples as well as in data control regions are included as systematic uncertainties. –7– Events 106 Data Prompt-lepton ZZ ATLAS 105 Fake-lepton ttZ/VVV QmisID s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Vγ Stat+syst uncertainty 104 SM HH × 20 103 2 leptons 3 leptons 4 leptons Low m4l High m 102 4l 10 1 10−1 Data/Bkg 3 2 1 0 JHEP05(2019)124 ee eµ µµ NSFOS = 0 NSFOS = 1,2 NSFOS = 0,1 NSFOS = 2 NSFOS = 0,1 NSFOS = 2 Channel Figure 2. Expected and observed yields in each channel after all selection criteria for the non- resonant HH production searches. The label NSFOS indicates the number of same-flavour, opposite- sign lepton pairs in the channel. Low and high m4` indicates m4` < 180 GeV and m4` > 180 GeV, respectively. The shaded band in the ratio plot shows the systematic uncertainty in the background estimate. The signal is scaled by a factor of 20. The systematic uncertainties with the largest impact on the HH production cross- section (times branching ratio) limits come from the jet energy scale and resolution with a relative impact compared to the total systematic plus statistical uncertainty of 45% (29%– 55%) and fake-lepton background estimations with a relative impact of 42% (31%–54%) for the non-resonant (resonant) production searches. Theoretical uncertainties are found to have a relative impact of 23% (24%–36%) for the non-resonant (resonant) production searches. The relative impact of jet energy measurements, fake-lepton background estima- tions, and theoretical uncertainties in the X → SS analysis are 38%–51%, 37%–52% and 25%–32%, respectively. Other experimental uncertainties due to lepton, pileup, b-tagging, pileup jet rejection, prompt-lepton background estimations, and ET miss modelling are found to have a small impact on the results. The uncertainty in the combined 2015+2016 inte- grated luminosity is 2.1%. It is derived, following a methodology similar to that detailed in ref. [26], and using the LUCID-2 detector for the baseline luminosity measurements [60], from calibration of the luminosity scale using x–y beam-separation scans. It has a 5%–10% relative impact due to its simultaneous effect on the signal and background estimates. All simulated processes except ZZ are affected by the uncertainty in the luminosity measure- ment. The relative impact of all systematic uncertainties is found to be 71% (60%–79%) for the non-resonant (resonant) production searches. In addition to the systematic effects, the statistical uncertainties are found to have a relative impact of 71% (61%–80%) for the non-resonant (resonant) production searches. 7 Results The expected and observed yields in each channel after all selection criteria for the non- resonant HH production searches are shown in figure 2 and table 1. –8– Channel Category Background Expected Signal Observed ee 29 ± 10 0.028 ± 0.004 35 2 leptons eµ 11.1 ± 2.2 0.049 ± 0.005 18 µµ 8.1 ± 2.5 0.034 ± 0.004 4 NSFOS = 0 1.0 ± 0.7 0.011 ± 0.005 3 3 leptons NSFOS = 1, 2 4.3 ± 3.8 0.033 ± 0.010 8 NSFOS = 0, 1 2.3 ± 1.4 0.005 ± 0.001 2 4 leptons m4` < 180 GeV NSFOS = 2 21 ± 5 0.002 ± 0.001 22 JHEP05(2019)124 NSFOS = 0, 1 3.0 ± 1.8 0.010 ± 0.002 3 4 leptons m4` > 180 GeV NSFOS = 2 7.9 ± 2.0 0.005 ± 0.001 4 Table 1. Expected and observed yields in each channel after all selection criteria and the profile- likelihood fit for the non-resonant HH production searches. The expected signal refers to the √ SM non-resonant HH production, corresponding to its calculated cross-section at s = 13 TeV of 33.4 fb. The label NSFOS indicates the number of same-flavour, opposite-sign lepton pairs in the channel. Systematic uncertainties on the signal and background estimates are shown. A statistical analysis using a profile-likelihood-ratio test statistic [61] for the two, three, and four lepton channels, separately, as well as the combination of the three channels is performed. The expected and observed yields in each of the nine signal regions shown in figure 2 as well as the ZZ control region in the four lepton channel are used as the input parameters to the likelihood. No significant excess over the estimated backgrounds is observed in data. Upper limits at 95% confidence level (CL) are set on the production cross-section for non-resonant SM HH production and on the production cross-section times branching ratio for resonant HH production as well as X → SS production. The expected and observed limits on the signal strength of non-resonant SM HH production, defined as the ratio of the signal cross-section to the Standard Model prediction (σ/σSM ), are calculated using the modified frequentist CLs method [62] using the asymptotic ap- proximation and are shown in table 2. All systematic uncertainties are included in the profile-likelihood fit as Gaussian nuisance parameters and are treated as correlated across all signal regions. The combined observed (expected) upper limit on the non-resonant SM HH production cross-section is found to be 5.3 (3.8) pb, which corresponds to a limit on the signal strength of 160 (120). Upper limits at 95% CL on the production cross-section times branching ratio are set for a scalar resonance decaying into either a pair of SM Higgs bosons (shown in figure 3) or into a pair of heavy scalars (shown in figure 4). The observed (expected) upper limits on resonant HH production vary with the resonance mass mX and range from 9.3 (10) pb to 2.8 (2.6) pb, with the smallest limit set for mX = 500 GeV. Upper limits on resonant SS production vary with the resonance mass mX and the scalar mass mS . The observed (expected) limits range from 2.5 (2.5) pb to 0.16 (0.17) pb, with the smallest limit set for mX = 340 GeV and mS = 165 GeV. –9– Observed Expected limit on σ/σSM limit on σ/σSM Median +2σ +1σ −1σ −2σ 2 leptons 170 150 290 210 100 78 3 leptons 420 270 690 420 200 150 4 leptons 340 400 880 590 290 210 Combined 160 120 230 170 83 62 Table 2. Expected and observed 95% CL exclusion limits set on the non-resonant HH signal √ JHEP05(2019)124 strength. The SM non-resonant HH cross-section at s = 13 TeV is calculated to be 33.4 fb. Limits are shown for each channel individually as well as for the combination of the channels. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are included. 103 σ(pp→ X)× B(X→ HH) [pb] ATLAS Observed Limit (95% CL) Expected Limit (95% CL) s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Expected ± 1σ X → HH Expected ± 2σ 2 10 Expected Limit (2 leptons) Expected Limit (3 leptons) Expected Limit (4 leptons) 10 250 300 350 400 450 500 mX [GeV] Figure 3. Expected and observed 95% CL exclusion limits set on the cross-section times branching ratio of resonant HH production as a function of mX . Limits are shown for each channel individually as well as for the combination of the channels. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are included. σ(pp→ X)× B(X→ SS) [pb] σ(pp→ X)× B(X→ SS) [pb] ATLAS Observed Limit (95% CL) ATLAS Observed Limit (95% CL) Expected Limit (95% CL) 102 Expected Limit (95% CL) s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 s = 13 TeV, 36.1 fb-1 Expected ± 1σ Expected ± 1σ X → SS, mX = 340 GeV Expected ± 2σ X → SS, mS = 135 GeV Expected ± 2σ 10 Expected Limit (2 leptons) Expected Limit (2 leptons) Expected Limit (3 leptons) Expected Limit (3 leptons) Expected Limit (4 leptons) Expected Limit (4 leptons) 10 1 1 10−1 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 mS [GeV] mX [GeV] (a) (b) Figure 4. Expected and observed 95% CL exclusion limits set on the cross-section times branching ratio of resonant X → SS production as a function of (a) mS and (b) mX . Limits are shown for each channel individually as well as for the combination of the channels. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are included. – 10 – 8 Conclusions A search for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production as well as for a heavy scalar pair production has been performed in the W W (∗) W W (∗) decay channel using √ 36.1 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experi- ment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The analysis is performed separately in three channels based on the number of leptons in the final state: two same-sign leptons, three leptons, and four leptons. No significant excesses over the expected backgrounds are observed in data and the results from the three channels are statistically combined. An observed (ex- pected) 95% CL upper limit of 160 (120) is set on the signal strength for the non-resonant JHEP05(2019)124 Higgs boson pair production. Upper limits are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio of a heavy scalar X that decays into two Higgs bosons for a mass range of 260 GeV ≤ mX ≤ 500 GeV and the observed (expected) limits range from 9.3 (10) pb to 2.8 (2.6) pb. Upper limits are also set on the production cross-section times branch- ing ratio of a heavy scalar X that decays into two heavy scalars S for mass ranges of 280 GeV ≤ mX ≤ 340 GeV and 135 GeV ≤ mS ≤ 165 GeV and the observed (expected) limits range from 2.5 (2.5) pb to 0.16 (0.17) pb. Acknowledgments We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Aus- tralia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’ Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Ger- many; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF – 11 – Variable Description `1 Leading lepton `2 Sub-leading lepton ∆R`N j Angular distance between `N and the nearest jet m`` Invariant mass of the two leptons m`N jj Invariant mass of `N and the two nearest jets mall Invariant mass of all objects that pass the selection criteria JHEP05(2019)124 Table 3. Description of the notation used in the two lepton analysis. mX Channel ∆R`1 j m`` [GeV] m`1 jj [GeV] mall [GeV] ee [0.35, 1.85] < 100 < 145 < 1100 260 GeV eµ [0.25, 1.80] < 85 < 135 < 650 µµ [0.25, 2.10] < 80 < 115 < 700 ee [0.35, 1.75] < 120 < 160 < 1400 300 GeV eµ [0.20, 1.80] < 135 < 160 < 800 µµ [0.20, 1.75] < 115 < 185 < 1000 Table 4. Optimised selection criteria used in the two lepton channel in the X → HH search with mX = 260 GeV and mX = 300 GeV. (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Ma- jor contributors of computing resources are listed in ref. [63]. A Final selection criteria Tables 3–6 list the final selection criteria in the two lepton channel. Tables 7–9 present the final selection criteria in the three lepton channel. Table 10 defines the variables and table 11 lists the selection criteria in the four lepton channel. The lepton pairing strategy in the four leptons channel is designed to identify the decay of a Z boson in order to efficiently reject the dominant ZZ background in events with at least one SFOS lepton pair. Events are classified based on the number of SFOS lepton pairs they contain in order to account for the different background composition in each signal region. Table 12 shows the final acceptance and selection efficiencies for the signal samples. – 12 – mX Channel ∆R`2 j ∆R`1 j m`` [GeV] m`1 jj [GeV] ee [0.35, 1.50] [0.30, 1.25] [45, 235] [40, 285] 400 GeV eµ [0.20, 1.50] [0.20, 1.05] [35, 195] [30, 235] µµ [0.20, 1.20] [0.20, 1.20] [40, 215] [30, 260] ee [0.20, 1.15] [0.20, 1.15] [100, 270] [40, 285] 500 GeV eµ [0.20, 1.00] [0.20, 0.80] [75, 250] [35, 350] µµ [0.20, 1.05] [0.20, 0.75] [60, 250] [30, 310] ee [0.20, 1.40] [0.20, 1.15] [55, 270] [40, 285] JHEP05(2019)124 Non-res. eµ [0.20, 1.15] [0.20, 0.80] [75, 250] [35, 350] µµ [0.20, 1.05] [0.20, 0.75] [60, 250] [30, 310] Table 5. Optimised selection criteria used in the two lepton channel in the non-resonant HH search and the X → HH search with mX = 400 GeV and mX = 500 GeV. Mass Channel ∆R`2 j ∆R`1 j m`` [GeV] m`1 jj [GeV] ee [0.35, 2.5] [0.4, 1.65] < 80 [50, 150] mS = 135 GeV eµ [0.25, 1.7] [0.25, 1.65] < 95 [50, 150] µµ [0.25, 2.05] [0.2, 1.85] < 95 [50, 150] ee [0.35, 1.85] [0.2, 1.65] < 130 [50, 190] mX = 340 GeV eµ [0.25, 1.6] [0.25, 1.6] < 150 [50, 150] µµ [0.2, 2.0] [0.2, 1.65] < 115 [50, 185] Table 6. Optimised selection criteria used in the two lepton channel in the X → SS search. The selection criteria in the first row are used for mS = 135 GeV and mX = 280, 300, and 320 GeV. The selection criteria in the second row are used for mX = 340 GeV and mS = 135, 145, 155, and 165 GeV. Variable Description NSFOS Number of same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs `1 Lepton with charge opposite to that of the same-sign pair `2 Lepton from the same-sign pair that is closest to `1 in η–φ space `3 Remaining lepton m``` Invariant mass of the three leptons m`N j Invariant mass of `N and the nearest jet m`N jj Invariant mass of `N and the two nearest jets The minimum sum of the invariant mass of two opposite-sign leptons m``+`jj and the invariant mass of the remaining lepton and the two leading jets ∆R`` Angular distance between two leptons Table 7. Description of the notation used in the three lepton analysis. – 13 – mX Variable NSFOS = 0 NSFOS = 1, 2 ∆R`2 `3 [2.47, 5.85] [2.16, 3.50] JHEP05(2019)124 m`2 `3 [GeV] [10, 70] [10, 70] Non-res. m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 110] [50, 115] m`3 j [GeV] [15, 50] [15, 45] m``` [GeV] [30, 105] [20, 85] m``+`jj [GeV] [65, 200] [85, 360] 260 m`2 j [GeV] [20, 75] [10, 60] ∆R`1 `2 [0.58, 1.66] [0.41, 1.77] m``` [GeV] [20, 110] [20, 130] m``+`jj [GeV] [55, 195] [75, 175] 300 m`2 j [GeV] [35, 70] [15, 85] ∆R`1 `2 [0.08, 1.49] [0.42, 1.14] m`1 `2 [GeV] [20, 60] [15, 45] m`3 j [GeV] [15, 50] [15, 50] 400 m``+`jj [GeV] [50, 240] [80, 270] ∆R`2 `3 [1.97, 6.24] [2.09, 4.60] m``` [GeV] [130, 320] [150, 295] ∆R`2 `3 [2.68, 3.47] [2.54, 6.19] 500 ∆R`1 `2 [0.12, 0.68] [0.11, 1.08] m`3 j [GeV] [15, 90] [20, 50] Table 8. Optimised selection criteria for non-resonant and resonant HH searches in the three lepton channel. The selection criteria are chosen to ensure constant signal selection efficiency between the NSFOS = 0 and NSFOS = 1, 2 categories. – 14 – mX /mS Variable NSFOS = 0 NSFOS = 1, 2 m``` [GeV] [55, 100] [25, 85] m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 145] [50, 300] 280 135 m`2 j [GeV] [35, 75] [10, 65] ∆R`1 `2 [0.51, 1.61] [0.19, 1.16] m``` [GeV] [55, 110] [20, 135] JHEP05(2019)124 m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 190] [50, 135] 300 135 m`2 j [GeV] [20, 55] [20, 50] ∆R`1 `2 [0.10, 1.86] [0.46, 3.38] m``` [GeV] [25, 110] [25, 135] m`3 jj [GeV] [60, 210] [50, 135] 320 135 m`2 j [GeV] [10, 55] [30, 60] ∆R`1 `2 [0.24, 1.78] [0.15, 1.53] m``` [GeV] [50, 170] [25, 180] m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 115] [50, 115] 340 135 m`2 j [GeV] [10, 40] [25, 65] ∆R`1 `2 [0.12, 1.68] [0.15, 1.10] m``` [GeV] [60, 110] [40, 130] m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 350] [50, 140] 340 145 m`2 j [GeV] [10, 55] [10, 90] ∆R`1 `2 [0.19, 1.58] [0.41, 1.11] m``` [GeV] [30, 110] [35, 135] m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 205] [50, 140] 340 155 m`2 j [GeV] [20, 55] [10, 85] ∆R`1 `2 [0.27, 2.24] [0.50, 1.15] m``` [GeV] [25, 110] [25, 135] m`3 jj [GeV] [50, 210] [50, 140] 340 165 m`2 j [GeV] [15, 55] [20, 60] ∆R`1 `2 [0.20, 2.12] [0.39, 1.95] Table 9. Optimised selection criteria for the X → SS searches in the three lepton channel. The selection criteria are chosen to ensure constant signal selection efficiency between the NSFOS = 0 and NSFOS = 1, 2 categories. – 15 – Variable Description piT pT of lepton i `2 and `3 (NSFOS > 0) SFOS lepton pair with invariant mass closest to Z boson (pT,2 > pT,3 ) Different-flavour OS lepton pair with `2 and `3 (NSFOS = 0) invariant mass closest to Z boson (pT,2 > pT,3 ) `0 and `1 Remaining lepton pair (pT,0 > pT,1 ) JHEP05(2019)124 Table 10. Description of the notation used in the four lepton analysis. Event selection in the four lepton channel P 4 leptons with pT > 10 GeV and qi = 0 Trigger Trigger matched lepton p`Tmatched > 22, 25, 27 GeV (depending on data period trigger) m`` > 4 GeV (for all SFOS pairs) Nb-tag = 0 m`0 `1 > 10 GeV NSFOS = 0, 1 selection |m`2 `3 − mZ | > 5 GeV m4` < 180 GeV m4` > 180 GeV NSFOS = 2 selection m`2 `3 < 70 GeV, m`2 `3 > 110 GeV m4` < 180 GeV m4` > 180 GeV ∆φ`2 `3 < 2.6 rad m`0 `1 < 70 GeV, m`0 `1 > 110 GeV Table 11. Summary of the selection criteria used in the four lepton channel. All events are required to pass the common selection and then category-dependent selection criteria are applied according to the number of same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs in the event. – 16 – X → SS Resonant HH Channel Category Non-resonant HH mX ∈ [280, 340] GeV mX ∈ [280, 340] GeV mS ∈ [135, 165] GeV [%] [%] [%] ee 0.60 0.30–0.55 0.41–0.82 Two lepton eµ 1.05 0.52–1.32 1.12–2.31 µµ 0.66 0.35–1.10 0.88–1.94 NSFOS = 0 0.32 0.07–0.24 0.09–0.5 Three lepton NSFOS = 1, 2 0.94 0.18–0.61 0.27–1.2 JHEP05(2019)124 NSFOS = 0, 1 2.94 2.08–3.32 2.65–3.66 Four lepton NSFOS = 2 1.23 0.73–1.34 0.85–1.46 Table 12. The final acceptance times selection efficiencies in the 4W channel for non-resonant, resonant, and SS signal samples after all selection criteria are applied. Acceptance times selection efficiency is defined as the ratio of reconstructed signal events passing all selection criteria to the number of generated signal events that are filtered for the corresponding channel. 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Gavrilyuk109 , C. Gay172 , G. Gaycken24 , E.N. Gazis10 , C.N.P. Gee141 , J. Geisen51 , M. Geisen97 , M.P. Geisler59a , K. Gellerstedt43a,43b , C. Gemme53b , M.H. Genest56 , – 24 – C. Geng103 , S. Gentile70a,70b , S. George91 , D. Gerbaudo14 , G. Gessner45 , S. Ghasemi148 , M. Ghasemi Bostanabad173 , M. Ghneimat24 , B. Giacobbe23b , S. Giagu70a,70b , N. Giangiacomi23b,23a , P. Giannetti69a , A. Giannini67a,67b , S.M. Gibson91 , M. Gignac143 , D. Gillberg33 , G. Gilles179 , D.M. Gingrich3,ar , M.P. Giordani64a,64c , F.M. Giorgi23b , P.F. Giraud142 , P. Giromini57 , G. Giugliarelli64a,64c , D. Giugni66a , F. Giuli131 , M. Giulini59b , S. Gkaitatzis159 , I. Gkialas9,i , E.L. Gkougkousis14 , P. Gkountoumis10 , L.K. Gladilin111 , C. Glasman96 , J. Glatzer14 , P.C.F. Glaysher44 , A. Glazov44 , M. Goblirsch-Kolb26 , J. Godlewski82 , S. Goldfarb102 , T. Golling52 , D. Golubkov140 , A. Gomes136a,136b,136d , R. Goncalves Gama78a , R. Gonçalo136a , G. Gonella50 , L. Gonella21 , A. Gongadze77 , F. 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Guillemin5 , S. Guindon35 , U. Gul55 , C. Gumpert35 , J. Guo58c , W. Guo103 , Y. Guo58a,r , Z. Guo99 , R. Gupta41 , S. Gurbuz12c , G. Gustavino124 , B.J. Gutelman157 , P. Gutierrez124 , C. Gutschow92 , C. Guyot142 , M.P. Guzik81a , C. Gwenlan131 , C.B. Gwilliam88 , A. Haas121 , C. Haber18 , H.K. Hadavand8 , N. Haddad34e , A. Hadef58a , S. Hageböck24 , M. Hagihara166 , H. Hakobyan181,∗ , M. Haleem174 , J. Haley125 , G. Halladjian104 , G.D. Hallewell99 , K. Hamacher179 , P. Hamal126 , K. Hamano173 , A. Hamilton32a , G.N. Hamity146 , K. Han58a,ah , L. Han58a , S. Han15d , K. Hanagaki79,u , M. Hance143 , D.M. Handl112 , B. Haney133 , R. Hankache132 , P. Hanke59a , E. Hansen94 , J.B. Hansen39 , J.D. Hansen39 , M.C. Hansen24 , P.H. Hansen39 , K. Hara166 , A.S. Hard178 , T. Harenberg179 , S. Harkusha105 , P.F. Harrison175 , N.M. Hartmann112 , Y. Hasegawa147 , A. Hasib48 , S. Hassani142 , S. Haug20 , R. Hauser104 , L. Hauswald46 , L.B. Havener38 , M. Havranek138 , C.M. Hawkes21 , R.J. Hawkings35 , D. Hayden104 , C. Hayes152 , C.P. Hays131 , J.M. Hays90 , H.S. Hayward88 , S.J. Haywood141 , M.P. Heath48 , V. Hedberg94 , L. Heelan8 , S. Heer24 , K.K. Heidegger50 , J. Heilman33 , S. Heim44 , T. Heim18 , B. Heinemann44,am , J.J. Heinrich112 , L. Heinrich121 , C. Heinz54 , J. Hejbal137 , L. Helary35 , A. Held172 , S. Hellesund130 , S. Hellman43a,43b , C. Helsens35 , R.C.W. Henderson87 , Y. Heng178 , S. Henkelmann172 , A.M. Henriques Correia35 , G.H. Herbert19 , H. Herde26 , V. Herget174 , Y. Hernández Jiménez32c , H. Herr97 , M.G. Herrmann112 , G. Herten50 , R. Hertenberger112 , L. Hervas35 , T.C. Herwig133 , G.G. Hesketh92 , N.P. Hessey165a , J.W. Hetherly41 , S. Higashino79 , E. Higón-Rodriguez171 , K. Hildebrand36 , E. Hill173 , J.C. Hill31 , K.K. Hill29 , K.H. Hiller44 , S.J. Hillier21 , M. Hils46 , I. Hinchliffe18 , M. Hirose129 , D. Hirschbuehl179 , B. Hiti89 , O. Hladik137 , D.R. Hlaluku32c , X. Hoad48 , J. Hobbs152 , N. Hod165a , M.C. Hodgkinson146 , A. Hoecker35 , M.R. Hoeferkamp116 , F. Hoenig112 , D. Hohn24 , D. Hohov128 , T.R. Holmes36 , M. Holzbock112 , M. Homann45 , S. Honda166 , T. Honda79 , T.M. Hong135 , A. Hönle113 , B.H. Hooberman170 , W.H. Hopkins127 , Y. Horii115 , P. Horn46 , A.J. Horton149 , L.A. Horyn36 , J-Y. Hostachy56 , A. Hostiuc145 , S. Hou155 , A. Hoummada34a , J. Howarth98 , J. Hoya86 , M. Hrabovsky126 , I. Hristova19 , J. Hrivnac128 , A. Hrynevich106 , T. Hryn’ova5 , P.J. Hsu62 , S.-C. Hsu145 , Q. Hu29 , S. Hu58c , Y. Huang15a , Z. Hubacek138 , F. Hubaut99 , M. Huebner24 , F. Huegging24 , T.B. Huffman131 , E.W. Hughes38 , M. Huhtinen35 , R.F.H. Hunter33 , P. Huo152 , A.M. Hupe33 , N. Huseynov77,ae , J. Huston104 , J. Huth57 , R. Hyneman103 , G. Iacobucci52 , G. Iakovidis29 , I. Ibragimov148 , L. Iconomidou-Fayard128 , Z. Idrissi34e , P. Iengo35 , R. Ignazzi39 , O. Igonkina118,aa , R. Iguchi160 , T. Iizawa52 , Y. Ikegami79 , M. Ikeno79 , D. Iliadis159 , N. Ilic150 , F. Iltzsche46 , G. Introzzi68a,68b , M. Iodice72a , K. Iordanidou38 , V. Ippolito70a,70b , M.F. Isacson169 , N. Ishijima129 , M. Ishino160 , M. Ishitsuka162 , W. Islam125 , C. Issever131 , S. Istin157 , F. Ito166 , – 25 – J.M. Iturbe Ponce61a , R. Iuppa73a,73b , A. Ivina177 , H. Iwasaki79 , J.M. Izen42 , V. Izzo67a , P. Jacka137 , P. Jackson1 , R.M. Jacobs24 , V. Jain2 , G. Jäkel179 , K.B. Jakobi97 , K. Jakobs50 , S. Jakobsen74 , T. Jakoubek137 , D.O. Jamin125 , D.K. Jana93 , R. Jansky52 , J. Janssen24 , M. Janus51 , P.A. Janus81a , G. Jarlskog94 , N. Javadov77,ae , T. Javůrek35 , M. Javurkova50 , F. Jeanneau142 , L. Jeanty18 , J. Jejelava156a,af , A. Jelinskas175 , P. Jenni50,c , J. Jeong44 , N. Jeong44 , S. Jézéquel5 , H. Ji178 , J. Jia152 , H. Jiang76 , Y. Jiang58a , Z. Jiang150,p , S. Jiggins50 , F.A. Jimenez Morales37 , J. Jimenez Pena171 , S. Jin15c , A. Jinaru27b , O. Jinnouchi162 , H. Jivan32c , P. Johansson146 , K.A. Johns7 , C.A. Johnson63 , W.J. Johnson145 , K. Jon-And43a,43b , R.W.L. Jones87 , S.D. Jones153 , S. Jones7 , T.J. Jones88 , J. Jongmanns59a , P.M. Jorge136a,136b , J. Jovicevic165a , X. Ju18 , J.J. Junggeburth113 , A. Juste Rozas14,y , A. Kaczmarska82 , M. Kado128 , H. Kagan122 , M. Kagan150 , T. Kaji176 , E. Kajomovitz157 , C.W. Kalderon94 , A. Kaluza97 , S. Kama41 , A. Kamenshchikov140 , L. Kanjir89 , Y. Kano160 , V.A. Kantserov110 , J. Kanzaki79 , JHEP05(2019)124 B. Kaplan121 , L.S. Kaplan178 , D. Kar32c , M.J. Kareem165b , E. Karentzos10 , S.N. Karpov77 , Z.M. Karpova77 , V. Kartvelishvili87 , A.N. Karyukhin140 , L. Kashif178 , R.D. Kass122 , A. Kastanas43a,43b , Y. Kataoka160 , C. Kato58d,58c , J. Katzy44 , K. Kawade80 , K. Kawagoe85 , T. Kawamoto160 , G. Kawamura51 , E.F. Kay88 , V.F. Kazanin120b,120a , R. Keeler173 , R. Kehoe41 , J.S. Keller33 , E. Kellermann94 , J.J. Kempster21 , J. Kendrick21 , O. Kepka137 , S. Kersten179 , B.P. Kerševan89 , R.A. Keyes101 , M. Khader170 , F. Khalil-Zada13 , A. Khanov125 , A.G. Kharlamov120b,120a , T. Kharlamova120b,120a , E.E. Khoda172 , A. Khodinov163 , T.J. Khoo52 , E. Khramov77 , J. Khubua156b , S. Kido80 , M. Kiehn52 , C.R. Kilby91 , Y.K. Kim36 , N. Kimura64a,64c , O.M. Kind19 , B.T. King88 , D. Kirchmeier46 , J. Kirk141 , A.E. Kiryunin113 , T. Kishimoto160 , D. Kisielewska81a , V. Kitali44 , O. Kivernyk5 , E. Kladiva28b,∗ , T. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus50 , M.H. Klein103 , M. Klein88 , U. Klein88 , K. Kleinknecht97 , P. Klimek119 , A. Klimentov29 , R. Klingenberg45,∗ , T. Klingl24 , T. Klioutchnikova35 , F.F. Klitzner112 , P. Kluit118 , S. Kluth113 , E. Kneringer74 , E.B.F.G. Knoops99 , A. Knue50 , A. Kobayashi160 , D. Kobayashi85 , T. Kobayashi160 , M. Kobel46 , M. Kocian150 , P. Kodys139 , P.T. Koenig24 , T. Koffas33 , E. Koffeman118 , N.M. Köhler113 , T. Koi150 , M. Kolb59b , I. Koletsou5 , T. Kondo79 , N. Kondrashova58c , K. Köneke50 , A.C. König117 , T. Kono79 , R. Konoplich121,aj , V. Konstantinides92 , N. Konstantinidis92 , B. Konya94 , R. Kopeliansky63 , S. Koperny81a , K. Korcyl82 , K. Kordas159 , G. Koren158 , A. Korn92 , I. Korolkov14 , E.V. Korolkova146 , N. Korotkova111 , O. Kortner113 , S. Kortner113 , T. Kosek139 , V.V. Kostyukhin24 , A. Kotwal47 , A. Koulouris10 , A. Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi68a,68b , C. Kourkoumelis9 , E. Kourlitis146 , V. Kouskoura29 , A.B. Kowalewska82 , R. Kowalewski173 , T.Z. Kowalski81a , C. Kozakai160 , W. Kozanecki142 , A.S. Kozhin140 , V.A. Kramarenko111 , G. Kramberger89 , D. Krasnopevtsev58a , M.W. Krasny132 , A. Krasznahorkay35 , D. Krauss113 , J.A. Kremer81a , J. Kretzschmar88 , P. Krieger164 , K. Krizka18 , K. Kroeninger45 , H. Kroha113 , J. Kroll137 , J. Kroll133 , J. Krstic16 , U. Kruchonak77 , H. Krüger24 , N. Krumnack76 , M.C. Kruse47 , T. Kubota102 , S. Kuday4b , J.T. Kuechler179 , S. Kuehn35 , A. Kugel59a , F. Kuger174 , T. Kuhl44 , V. Kukhtin77 , R. Kukla99 , Y. Kulchitsky105 , S. Kuleshov144b , Y.P. Kulinich170 , M. Kuna56 , T. Kunigo83 , A. Kupco137 , T. Kupfer45 , O. Kuprash158 , H. Kurashige80 , L.L. Kurchaninov165a , Y.A. Kurochkin105 , M.G. Kurth15d , E.S. Kuwertz35 , M. Kuze162 , J. Kvita126 , T. Kwan101 , A. La Rosa113 , J.L. La Rosa Navarro78d , L. La Rotonda40b,40a , F. La Ruffa40b,40a , C. Lacasta171 , F. Lacava70a,70b , J. Lacey44 , D.P.J. Lack98 , H. Lacker19 , D. Lacour132 , E. Ladygin77 , R. Lafaye5 , B. Laforge132 , T. Lagouri32c , S. Lai51 , S. Lammers63 , W. Lampl7 , E. Lançon29 , U. Landgraf50 , M.P.J. Landon90 , M.C. Lanfermann52 , V.S. Lang44 , J.C. Lange14 , R.J. Langenberg35 , A.J. Lankford168 , F. Lanni29 , K. Lantzsch24 , A. Lanza68a , A. Lapertosa53b,53a , S. Laplace132 , J.F. Laporte142 , T. Lari66a , F. Lasagni Manghi23b,23a , M. Lassnig35 , T.S. Lau61a , A. Laudrain128 , M. Lavorgna67a,67b , A.T. Law143 , M. Lazzaroni66a,66b , B. Le102 , O. Le Dortz132 , E. Le Guirriec99 , E.P. Le Quilleuc142 , M. LeBlanc7 , T. LeCompte6 , F. Ledroit-Guillon56 , C.A. Lee29 , G.R. Lee144a , L. Lee57 , S.C. Lee155 , B. Lefebvre101 , M. Lefebvre173 , F. Legger112 , C. Leggett18 , K. Lehmann149 , N. Lehmann179 , G. Lehmann Miotto35 , W.A. Leight44 , A. Leisos159,v , M.A.L. Leite78d , R. Leitner139 , D. Lellouch177 , B. Lemmer51 , K.J.C. Leney92 , T. Lenz24 , B. Lenzi35 , R. Leone7 , – 26 – S. Leone69a , C. Leonidopoulos48 , G. Lerner153 , C. Leroy107 , R. Les164 , A.A.J. Lesage142 , C.G. Lester31 , M. Levchenko134 , J. Levêque5 , D. Levin103 , L.J. Levinson177 , D. Lewis90 , B. Li103 , C-Q. Li58a , H. Li58b , L. Li58c , M. Li15a , Q. Li15d , Q.Y. Li58a , S. Li58d,58c , X. Li58c , Y. Li148 , Z. Liang15a , B. Liberti71a , A. Liblong164 , K. Lie61c , S. Liem118 , A. Limosani154 , C.Y. Lin31 , K. Lin104 , T.H. Lin97 , R.A. Linck63 , J.H. Lindon21 , B.E. Lindquist152 , A.L. Lionti52 , E. Lipeles133 , A. Lipniacka17 , M. Lisovyi59b , T.M. Liss170,ao , A. Lister172 , A.M. Litke143 , J.D. Little8 , B. Liu76 , B.L Liu6 , H.B. Liu29 , H. Liu103 , J.B. Liu58a , J.K.K. Liu131 , K. Liu132 , M. Liu58a , P. Liu18 , Y. Liu15a , Y.L. Liu58a , Y.W. Liu58a , M. Livan68a,68b , A. Lleres56 , J. Llorente Merino15a , S.L. Lloyd90 , C.Y. Lo61b , F. Lo Sterzo41 , E.M. Lobodzinska44 , P. Loch7 , T. Lohse19 , K. Lohwasser146 , M. Lokajicek137 , B.A. Long25 , J.D. Long170 , R.E. Long87 , L. Longo65a,65b , K.A. Looper122 , J.A. Lopez144b , I. Lopez Paz14 , A. Lopez Solis146 , J. Lorenz112 , N. Lorenzo Martinez5 , M. Losada22 , P.J. Lösel112 , A. Lösle50 , X. Lou44 , X. Lou15a , A. Lounis128 , JHEP05(2019)124 J. Love6 , P.A. Love87 , J.J. Lozano Bahilo171 , H. Lu61a , M. Lu58a , N. Lu103 , Y.J. Lu62 , H.J. Lubatti145 , C. Luci70a,70b , A. Lucotte56 , C. Luedtke50 , F. Luehring63 , I. Luise132 , L. Luminari70a , B. Lund-Jensen151 , M.S. Lutz100 , P.M. Luzi132 , D. Lynn29 , R. Lysak137 , E. Lytken94 , F. Lyu15a , V. Lyubushkin77 , H. Ma29 , L.L. Ma58b , Y. Ma58b , G. Maccarrone49 , A. Macchiolo113 , C.M. Macdonald146 , J. Machado Miguens133,136b , D. Madaffari171 , R. Madar37 , W.F. Mader46 , A. Madsen44 , N. Madysa46 , J. Maeda80 , K. Maekawa160 , S. Maeland17 , T. Maeno29 , A.S. Maevskiy111 , V. Magerl50 , C. Maidantchik78b , T. Maier112 , A. Maio136a,136b,136d , O. Majersky28a , S. Majewski127 , Y. Makida79 , N. Makovec128 , B. Malaescu132 , Pa. Malecki82 , V.P. Maleev134 , F. Malek56 , U. Mallik75 , D. Malon6 , C. Malone31 , S. Maltezos10 , S. Malyukov35 , J. Mamuzic171 , G. Mancini49 , I. Mandić89 , J. Maneira136a , L. Manhaes de Andrade Filho78a , J. Manjarres Ramos46 , K.H. Mankinen94 , A. Mann112 , A. Manousos74 , B. Mansoulie142 , J.D. Mansour15a , M. Mantoani51 , S. Manzoni66a,66b , A. Marantis159 , G. Marceca30 , L. March52 , L. Marchese131 , G. Marchiori132 , M. Marcisovsky137 , C.A. Marin Tobon35 , M. Marjanovic37 , D.E. Marley103 , F. Marroquim78b , Z. Marshall18 , M.U.F Martensson169 , S. Marti-Garcia171 , C.B. Martin122 , T.A. Martin175 , V.J. Martin48 , B. Martin dit Latour17 , M. Martinez14,y , V.I. Martinez Outschoorn100 , S. Martin-Haugh141 , V.S. Martoiu27b , A.C. Martyniuk92 , A. Marzin35 , L. Masetti97 , T. Mashimo160 , R. Mashinistov108 , J. Masik98 , A.L. Maslennikov120b,120a , L.H. Mason102 , L. Massa71a,71b , P. Massarotti67a,67b , P. Mastrandrea5 , A. Mastroberardino40b,40a , T. Masubuchi160 , P. Mättig179 , J. Maurer27b , B. Maček89 , S.J. Maxfield88 , D.A. Maximov120b,120a , R. Mazini155 , I. Maznas159 , S.M. Mazza143 , N.C. Mc Fadden116 , G. Mc Goldrick164 , S.P. Mc Kee103 , A. McCarn103 , T.G. McCarthy113 , L.I. McClymont92 , E.F. McDonald102 , J.A. Mcfayden35 , G. Mchedlidze51 , M.A. McKay41 , K.D. McLean173 , S.J. McMahon141 , P.C. McNamara102 , C.J. McNicol175 , R.A. McPherson173,ac , J.E. Mdhluli32c , Z.A. Meadows100 , S. Meehan145 , T.M. Megy50 , S. Mehlhase112 , A. Mehta88 , T. Meideck56 , B. Meirose42 , D. Melini171,g , B.R. Mellado Garcia32c , J.D. Mellenthin51 , M. Melo28a , F. Meloni44 , A. Melzer24 , S.B. Menary98 , E.D. Mendes Gouveia136a , L. Meng88 , X.T. Meng103 , A. Mengarelli23b,23a , S. Menke113 , E. Meoni40b,40a , S. Mergelmeyer19 , C. Merlassino20 , P. Mermod52 , L. Merola67a,67b , C. Meroni66a , F.S. Merritt36 , A. Messina70a,70b , J. Metcalfe6 , A.S. Mete168 , C. Meyer133 , J. Meyer157 , J-P. Meyer142 , H. Meyer Zu Theenhausen59a , F. Miano153 , R.P. Middleton141 , L. Mijović48 , G. Mikenberg177 , M. Mikestikova137 , M. Mikuž89 , M. Milesi102 , A. Milic164 , D.A. Millar90 , D.W. Miller36 , A. Milov177 , D.A. Milstead43a,43b , A.A. Minaenko140 , M. Miñano Moya171 , I.A. Minashvili156b , A.I. Mincer121 , B. Mindur81a , M. Mineev77 , Y. Minegishi160 , Y. Ming178 , L.M. Mir14 , A. Mirto65a,65b , K.P. Mistry133 , T. Mitani176 , J. Mitrevski112 , V.A. Mitsou171 , A. Miucci20 , P.S. Miyagawa146 , A. Mizukami79 , J.U. Mjörnmark94 , T. Mkrtchyan181 , M. Mlynarikova139 , T. Moa43a,43b , K. Mochizuki107 , P. Mogg50 , S. Mohapatra38 , S. Molander43a,43b , R. Moles-Valls24 , M.C. Mondragon104 , K. Mönig44 , J. Monk39 , E. Monnier99 , A. Montalbano149 , J. Montejo Berlingen35 , F. Monticelli86 , S. Monzani66a , N. Morange128 , D. Moreno22 , M. Moreno Llácer35 , P. Morettini53b , M. Morgenstern118 , S. Morgenstern46 , D. Mori149 , M. Morii57 , M. Morinaga176 , V. Morisbak130 , A.K. Morley35 , G. Mornacchi35 , – 27 – A.P. Morris92 , J.D. Morris90 , L. Morvaj152 , P. Moschovakos10 , M. Mosidze156b , H.J. Moss146 , J. Moss150,m , K. Motohashi162 , R. Mount150 , E. Mountricha35 , E.J.W. Moyse100 , S. Muanza99 , F. Mueller113 , J. Mueller135 , R.S.P. Mueller112 , D. Muenstermann87 , G.A. Mullier20 , F.J. Munoz Sanchez98 , P. Murin28b , W.J. Murray175,141 , A. Murrone66a,66b , M. Muškinja89 , C. Mwewa32a , A.G. Myagkov140,ak , J. Myers127 , M. Myska138 , B.P. Nachman18 , O. Nackenhorst45 , K. Nagai131 , K. Nagano79 , Y. Nagasaka60 , M. Nagel50 , E. Nagy99 , A.M. Nairz35 , Y. Nakahama115 , K. Nakamura79 , T. Nakamura160 , I. Nakano123 , H. Nanjo129 , F. Napolitano59a , R.F. Naranjo Garcia44 , R. Narayan11 , D.I. Narrias Villar59a , I. Naryshkin134 , T. Naumann44 , G. Navarro22 , R. Nayyar7 , H.A. Neal103 , P.Y. Nechaeva108 , T.J. Neep142 , A. Negri68a,68b , M. Negrini23b , S. Nektarijevic117 , C. Nellist51 , M.E. Nelson131 , S. Nemecek137 , P. Nemethy121 , M. Nessi35,e , M.S. Neubauer170 , M. Neumann179 , P.R. Newman21 , T.Y. Ng61c , Y.S. Ng19 , H.D.N. Nguyen99 , T. Nguyen Manh107 , E. Nibigira37 , R.B. Nickerson131 , R. Nicolaidou142 , JHEP05(2019)124 D.S. Nielsen39 , J. Nielsen143 , N. Nikiforou11 , V. Nikolaenko140,ak , I. Nikolic-Audit132 , K. Nikolopoulos21 , P. Nilsson29 , Y. Ninomiya79 , A. Nisati70a , N. Nishu58c , R. Nisius113 , I. Nitsche45 , T. Nitta176 , T. Nobe160 , Y. Noguchi83 , M. Nomachi129 , I. Nomidis132 , M.A. Nomura29 , T. Nooney90 , M. Nordberg35 , N. Norjoharuddeen131 , T. Novak89 , O. Novgorodova46 , R. Novotny138 , L. Nozka126 , K. Ntekas168 , E. Nurse92 , F. Nuti102 , F.G. Oakham33,ar , H. Oberlack113 , T. Obermann24 , J. Ocariz132 , A. Ochi80 , I. Ochoa38 , J.P. Ochoa-Ricoux144a , K. O’Connor26 , S. Oda85 , S. Odaka79 , S. Oerdek51 , A. Oh98 , S.H. Oh47 , C.C. Ohm151 , H. 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Qin98 , A. Quadt51 , M. Queitsch-Maitland44 , A. Qureshi1 , P. Rados102 , F. Ragusa66a,66b , G. Rahal95 , J.A. Raine52 , S. Rajagopalan29 , A. Ramirez Morales90 , T. Rashid128 , S. Raspopov5 , – 28 – M.G. Ratti66a,66b , D.M. Rauch44 , F. Rauscher112 , S. Rave97 , B. Ravina146 , I. Ravinovich177 , J.H. Rawling98 , M. Raymond35 , A.L. Read130 , N.P. Readioff56 , M. Reale65a,65b , D.M. Rebuzzi68a,68b , A. Redelbach174 , G. Redlinger29 , R. Reece143 , R.G. Reed32c , K. Reeves42 , L. Rehnisch19 , J. Reichert133 , D. Reikher158 , A. Reiss97 , C. Rembser35 , H. Ren15d , M. Rescigno70a , S. Resconi66a , E.D. Resseguie133 , S. Rettie172 , E. Reynolds21 , O.L. Rezanova120b,120a , P. Reznicek139 , E. Ricci73a,73b , R. Richter113 , S. Richter44 , E. Richter-Was81b , O. Ricken24 , M. Ridel132 , P. Rieck113 , C.J. Riegel179 , O. Rifki44 , M. Rijssenbeek152 , A. Rimoldi68a,68b , M. Rimoldi20 , L. Rinaldi23b , G. Ripellino151 , B. Ristić87 , E. Ritsch35 , I. Riu14 , J.C. Rivera Vergara144a , F. 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Styles44 , D. Su150 , J. Su135 , S. Suchek59a , Y. Sugaya129 , M. Suk138 , V.V. Sulin108 , M.J. Sullivan88 , D.M.S. Sultan52 , S. Sultansoy4c , T. Sumida83 , S. Sun103 , X. Sun3 , K. Suruliz153 , C.J.E. Suster154 , M.R. Sutton153 , S. Suzuki79 , M. Svatos137 , M. Swiatlowski36 , S.P. Swift2 , A. Sydorenko97 , I. Sykora28a , T. Sykora139 , D. Ta97 , K. Tackmann44,z , J. Taenzer158 , A. Taffard168 , R. Tafirout165a , E. Tahirovic90 , N. Taiblum158 , H. Takai29 , R. Takashima84 , E.H. Takasugi113 , K. Takeda80 , T. Takeshita147 , Y. Takubo79 , M. Talby99 , A.A. Talyshev120b,120a , J. Tanaka160 , M. Tanaka162 , R. Tanaka128 , B.B. Tannenwald122 , S. Tapia Araya144b , S. Tapprogge97 , A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed132 , S. Tarem157 , G. Tarna27b,d , G.F. Tartarelli66a , P. Tas139 , M. Tasevsky137 , T. Tashiro83 , E. Tassi40b,40a , A. Tavares Delgado136a,136b , Y. Tayalati34e , A.C. Taylor116 , A.J. Taylor48 , G.N. Taylor102 , P.T.E. Taylor102 , W. Taylor165b , A.S. Tee87 , P. 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Truong32b , M. Trzebinski82 , A. Trzupek82 , F. Tsai44 , J.C-L. Tseng131 , P.V. Tsiareshka105 , A. Tsirigotis159 , N. Tsirintanis9 , V. Tsiskaridze152 , E.G. Tskhadadze156a , I.I. Tsukerman109 , V. Tsulaia18 , S. Tsuno79 , D. Tsybychev152,163 , Y. Tu61b , A. Tudorache27b , V. Tudorache27b , T.T. Tulbure27a , A.N. Tuna57 , S. Turchikhin77 , D. Turgeman177 , I. Turk Cakir4b,t , R. Turra66a , P.M. Tuts38 , E. Tzovara97 , G. Ucchielli23b,23a , I. Ueda79 , M. Ughetto43a,43b , F. Ukegawa166 , G. Unal35 , A. Undrus29 , G. Unel168 , F.C. Ungaro102 , Y. Unno79 , K. Uno160 , J. Urban28b , P. Urquijo102 , P. Urrejola97 , G. Usai8 , J. Usui79 , L. Vacavant99 , V. Vacek138 , B. Vachon101 , K.O.H. Vadla130 , A. Vaidya92 , C. Valderanis112 , E. Valdes Santurio43a,43b , M. Valente52 , S. Valentinetti23b,23a , A. Valero171 , L. Valéry44 , R.A. Vallance21 , A. Vallier5 , J.A. Valls Ferrer171 , T.R. Van Daalen14 , H. Van der Graaf118 , P. Van Gemmeren6 , J. Van Nieuwkoop149 , I. Van Vulpen118 , M. Vanadia71a,71b , W. Vandelli35 , A. Vaniachine163 , P. Vankov118 , R. Vari70a , E.W. Varnes7 , C. Varni53b,53a , T. Varol41 , D. Varouchas128 , K.E. Varvell154 , G.A. Vasquez144b , J.G. Vasquez180 , F. Vazeille37 , D. Vazquez Furelos14 , T. Vazquez Schroeder101 , J. Veatch51 , V. Vecchio72a,72b , – 30 – L.M. Veloce164 , F. Veloso136a,136c , S. Veneziano70a , A. Ventura65a,65b , M. Venturi173 , N. Venturi35 , V. Vercesi68a , M. Verducci72a,72b , C.M. Vergel Infante76 , C. Vergis24 , W. Verkerke118 , A.T. Vermeulen118 , J.C. Vermeulen118 , M.C. Vetterli149,ar , N. Viaux Maira144b , M. Vicente Barreto Pinto52 , I. Vichou170,∗ , T. Vickey146 , O.E. Vickey Boeriu146 , G.H.A. Viehhauser131 , S. Viel18 , L. Vigani131 , M. Villa23b,23a , M. Villaplana Perez66a,66b , E. Vilucchi49 , M.G. Vincter33 , V.B. Vinogradov77 , A. Vishwakarma44 , C. Vittori23b,23a , I. Vivarelli153 , S. Vlachos10 , M. Vogel179 , P. Vokac138 , G. Volpi14 , S.E. von Buddenbrock32c , E. Von Toerne24 , V. Vorobel139 , K. Vorobev110 , M. Vos171 , J.H. Vossebeld88 , N. Vranjes16 , M. Vranjes Milosavljevic16 , V. Vrba138 , M. Vreeswijk118 , T. Šfiligoj89 , R. Vuillermet35 , I. Vukotic36 , T. Ženiš28a , L. Živković16 , P. Wagner24 , W. Wagner179 , J. Wagner-Kuhr112 , H. Wahlberg86 , S. Wahrmund46 , K. Wakamiya80 , V.M. Walbrecht113 , J. Walder87 , R. Walker112 , S.D. Walker91 , W. Walkowiak148 , V. Wallangen43a,43b , A.M. Wang57 , C. Wang58b,d , F. Wang178 , JHEP05(2019)124 H. Wang18 , H. Wang3 , J. Wang154 , J. Wang59b , P. Wang41 , Q. Wang124 , R.-J. Wang132 , R. Wang58a , R. Wang6 , S.M. Wang155 , W.T. Wang58a , W. Wang15c,ad , W.X. Wang58a,ad , Y. Wang58a , Z. Wang58c , C. Wanotayaroj44 , A. Warburton101 , C.P. Ward31 , D.R. Wardrope92 , A. Washbrook48 , P.M. Watkins21 , A.T. Watson21 , M.F. Watson21 , G. Watts145 , S. Watts98 , B.M. Waugh92 , A.F. Webb11 , S. Webb97 , C. Weber180 , M.S. Weber20 , S.A. Weber33 , S.M. Weber59a , A.R. Weidberg131 , B. Weinert63 , J. Weingarten45 , M. Weirich97 , C. Weiser50 , P.S. Wells35 , T. Wenaus29 , T. Wengler35 , S. Wenig35 , N. Wermes24 , M.D. Werner76 , P. Werner35 , M. Wessels59a , T.D. Weston20 , K. Whalen127 , N.L. Whallon145 , A.M. Wharton87 , A.S. White103 , A. White8 , M.J. White1 , R. White144b , D. Whiteson168 , B.W. Whitmore87 , F.J. Wickens141 , W. Wiedenmann178 , M. Wielers141 , C. Wiglesworth39 , L.A.M. Wiik-Fuchs50 , F. Wilk98 , H.G. Wilkens35 , L.J. Wilkins91 , H.H. Williams133 , S. Williams31 , C. Willis104 , S. Willocq100 , J.A. Wilson21 , I. Wingerter-Seez5 , E. Winkels153 , F. Winklmeier127 , O.J. Winston153 , B.T. Winter24 , M. Wittgen150 , M. Wobisch93 , A. Wolf97 , T.M.H. Wolf118 , R. Wolff99 , M.W. Wolter82 , H. Wolters136a,136c , V.W.S. Wong172 , N.L. Woods143 , S.D. Worm21 , B.K. Wosiek82 , K.W. Woźniak82 , K. Wraight55 , M. Wu36 , S.L. Wu178 , X. Wu52 , Y. Wu58a , T.R. Wyatt98 , B.M. Wynne48 , S. Xella39 , Z. Xi103 , L. Xia175 , D. Xu15a , H. Xu58a , L. Xu29 , T. Xu142 , W. Xu103 , B. Yabsley154 , S. Yacoob32a , K. Yajima129 , D.P. Yallup92 , D. Yamaguchi162 , Y. Yamaguchi162 , A. Yamamoto79 , T. Yamanaka160 , F. Yamane80 , M. Yamatani160 , T. Yamazaki160 , Y. Yamazaki80 , Z. Yan25 , H.J. Yang58c,58d , H.T. Yang18 , S. Yang75 , Y. Yang160 , Z. Yang17 , W-M. Yao18 , Y.C. Yap44 , Y. Yasu79 , E. Yatsenko58c,58d , J. Ye41 , S. Ye29 , I. Yeletskikh77 , E. Yigitbasi25 , E. Yildirim97 , K. Yorita176 , K. Yoshihara133 , C.J.S. Young35 , C. Young150 , J. Yu8 , J. Yu76 , X. Yue59a , S.P.Y. Yuen24 , B. Zabinski82 , G. Zacharis10 , E. Zaffaroni52 , R. Zaidan14 , A.M. Zaitsev140,ak , T. Zakareishvili156b , N. Zakharchuk33 , J. Zalieckas17 , S. Zambito57 , D. Zanzi35 , D.R. Zaripovas55 , S.V. Zeißner45 , C. Zeitnitz179 , G. Zemaityte131 , J.C. Zeng170 , Q. Zeng150 , O. Zenin140 , D. Zerwas128 , M. Zgubič131 , D.F. Zhang58b , D. Zhang103 , F. Zhang178 , G. Zhang58a , H. Zhang15c , J. Zhang6 , L. Zhang15c , L. Zhang58a , M. Zhang170 , P. Zhang15c , R. Zhang58a , R. Zhang24 , X. Zhang58b , Y. Zhang15d , Z. Zhang128 , P. Zhao47 , X. Zhao41 , Y. Zhao58b,128,ah , Z. Zhao58a , A. Zhemchugov77 , Z. Zheng103 , D. Zhong170 , B. Zhou103 , C. Zhou178 , L. Zhou41 , M.S. Zhou15d , M. Zhou152 , N. Zhou58c , Y. Zhou7 , C.G. Zhu58b , H.L. Zhu58a , H. Zhu15a , J. Zhu103 , Y. Zhu58a , X. Zhuang15a , K. Zhukov108 , V. Zhulanov120b,120a , A. Zibell174 , D. Zieminska63 , N.I. Zimine77 , S. Zimmermann50 , Z. Zinonos113 , M. Zinser97 , M. Ziolkowski148 , G. Zobernig178 , A. Zoccoli23b,23a , K. Zoch51 , T.G. Zorbas146 , R. Zou36 , M. Zur Nedden19 , L. Zwalinski35 1 Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; Australia 2 Physics Department, SUNY Albany, Albany NY; United States of America 3 Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB; Canada 4 (a) Department of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara; (b) Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul; (c) Division of Physics, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara; Turkey 5 LAPP, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy; France 6 High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL; United States of America – 31 – 7 Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ; United States of America 8 Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington TX; United States of America 9 Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens; Greece 10 Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou; Greece 11 Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX; United States of America 12 (a) Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul; (b) Istanbul Bilgi University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul; (c) Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul; (d) Department of Physics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Turkey 13 Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku; Azerbaijan 14 Institut de Fı́sica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona; Spain JHEP05(2019)124 15 (a) Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; (b) Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing; (c) Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing; (d) University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing; China 16 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade; Serbia 17 Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen; Norway 18 Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley CA; United States of America 19 Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin; Germany 20 Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern; Switzerland 21 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; United Kingdom 22 Centro de Investigaciónes, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota; Colombia 23 (a) Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna; (b) INFN Sezione di Bologna; Italy 24 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn; Germany 25 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston MA; United States of America 26 Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham MA; United States of America 27 (a) Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov; (b) Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest; (c) Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi; (d) National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Physics Department, Cluj-Napoca; (e) University Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest; (f ) West University in Timisoara, Timisoara; Romania 28 (a) Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava; (b) Department of Subnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice; Slovak Republic 29 Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY; United States of America 30 Departamento de Fı́sica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires; Argentina 31 Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge; United Kingdom 32 (a) Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town; (b) Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg; (c) School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; South Africa 33 Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa ON; Canada 34 (a) Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock, Réseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies — Université Hassan II, Casablanca; (b) Centre National de l’Energie des Sciences Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat; (c) Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech; (d) Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM, Oujda; (e) Faculté des sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat; Morocco 35 CERN, Geneva; Switzerland 36 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; United States of America 37 LPC, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand; France – 32 – 38 Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington NY; United States of America 39 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Denmark 40 (a) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende; (b) INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati; Italy 41 Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas TX; United States of America 42 Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX, United States of America 43 (a) Department of Physics, Stockholm University; (b) Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm; Sweden 44 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen; Germany 45 Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik IV, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund; Germany 46 Institut für Kern und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden; Germany 47 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC; United States of America 48 SUPA — School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh; United Kingdom JHEP05(2019)124 49 INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati; Italy 50 Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg; Germany 51 II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen; Germany 52 Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Genève; Switzerland 53 (a) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Genova; (b) INFN Sezione di Genova; Italy 54 II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen; Germany 55 SUPA — School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; United Kingdom 56 LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble INP, Grenoble; France 57 Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA; United States of America 58 (a) Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; (b) Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Qingdao; (c) School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, KLPPAC-MoE, SKLPPC, Shanghai; (d) Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai; China 59 (a) Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg; (b) Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany 60 Faculty of Applied Information Science, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima; Japan 61 (a) Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (b) Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (c) Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; China 62 Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu; Taiwan 63 Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington IN; United States of America 64 (a) INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine; (b) ICTP, Trieste; (c) Dipartimento di Chimica, Fisica e Ambiente, Università di Udine, Udine; Italy 65 (a) INFN Sezione di Lecce; (b) Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università del Salento, Lecce; Italy 66 (a) INFN Sezione di Milano; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milano; Italy 67 (a) INFN Sezione di Napoli; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli; Italy 68 (a) INFN Sezione di Pavia; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia; Italy 69 (a) INFN Sezione di Pisa; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa, Pisa; Italy 70 (a) INFN Sezione di Roma; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma; Italy 71 (a) INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata; (b) Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma; Italy 72 (a) INFN Sezione di Roma Tre; (b) Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Roma; Italy 73 (a) INFN-TIFPA; (b) Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento; Italy 74 Institut für Astro und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität, Innsbruck; Austria 75 University of Iowa, Iowa City IA; United States of America – 33 – 76 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames IA; United States of America 77 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; Russia 78 (a) Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora; (b) Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro; (c) Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), São João del Rei; (d) Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo; Brazil 79 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba; Japan 80 Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe; Japan 81 (a) AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow; (b) Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Poland 82 Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow; Poland 83 Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto; Japan JHEP05(2019)124 84 Kyoto University of Education, Kyoto; Japan 85 Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; Japan 86 Instituto de Fı́sica La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata; Argentina 87 Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster; United Kingdom 88 Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; United Kingdom 89 Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana; Slovenia 90 School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London; United Kingdom 91 Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham; United Kingdom 92 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London; United Kingdom 93 Louisiana Tech University, Ruston LA; United States of America 94 Fysiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, Lund; Sweden 95 Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Villeurbanne; France 96 Departamento de Fı́sica Teorica C-15 and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; Spain 97 Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz; Germany 98 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester; United Kingdom 99 CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille; France 100 Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA; United States of America 101 Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal QC; Canada 102 School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria; Australia 103 Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI; United States of America 104 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI; United States of America 105 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk; Belarus 106 Research Institute for Nuclear Problems of Byelorussian State University, Minsk; Belarus 107 Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal QC; Canada 108 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Russia 109 Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow; Russia 110 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow; Russia 111 D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow; Russia 112 Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München; Germany 113 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), München; Germany 114 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki; Japan 115 Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya; Japan 116 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM; United States of America – 34 – 117 Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen/Nikhef, Nijmegen; Netherlands 118 Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Netherlands 119 Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb IL; United States of America 120 (a) Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk; (b) Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk; Russia 121 Department of Physics, New York University, New York NY; United States of America 122 Ohio State University, Columbus OH; United States of America 123 Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama; Japan 124 Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK; United States of America JHEP05(2019)124 125 Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK; United States of America 126 Palacký University, RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics, Olomouc; Czech Republic 127 Center for High Energy Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene OR; United States of America 128 LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay; France 129 Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka; Japan 130 Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo; Norway 131 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford; United Kingdom 132 LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris; France 133 Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA; United States of America 134 Konstantinov Nuclear Physics Institute of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, PNPI, St. Petersburg; Russia 135 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA; United States of America 136 (a) Laboratório de Instrumentação e Fı́sica Experimental de Partı́culas — LIP; (b) Departamento de Fı́sica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa; (c) Departamento de Fı́sica, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra; (d) Centro de Fı́sica Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa; (e) Departamento de Fı́sica, Universidade do Minho, Braga; (f ) Departamento de Fı́sica Teorica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada (Spain); (g) Dep Fı́sica and CEFITEC of Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica; Portugal 137 Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague; Czech Republic 138 Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague; Czech Republic 139 Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague; Czech Republic 140 State Research Center Institute for High Energy Physics, NRC KI, Protvino; Russia 141 Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot; United Kingdom 142 IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette; France 143 Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz CA; United States of America 144 (a) Departamento de Fı́sica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago; (b) Departamento de Fı́sica, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Marı́a, Valparaı́so; Chile 145 Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle WA; United States of America 146 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield; United Kingdom 147 Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano; Japan 148 Department Physik, Universität Siegen, Siegen; Germany 149 Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC; Canada 150 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford CA; United States of America 151 Physics Department, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm; Sweden 152 Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY; United States of America 153 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton; United Kingdom 154 School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney; Australia – 35 – 155 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei; Taiwan 156 (a) E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi; (b) High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi; Georgia 157 Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa; Israel 158 Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv; Israel 159 Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki; Greece 160 International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo; Japan 161 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo; Japan 162 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo; Japan 163 Tomsk State University, Tomsk; Russia JHEP05(2019)124 164 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto ON; Canada 165 (a) TRIUMF, Vancouver BC; (b) Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto ON; Canada 166 Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba; Japan 167 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford MA; United States of America 168 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA; United States of America 169 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala; Sweden 170 Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana IL; United States of America 171 Instituto de Fı́sica Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia — CSIC, Valencia; Spain 172 Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC; Canada 173 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria BC; Canada 174 Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg; Germany 175 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry; United Kingdom 176 Waseda University, Tokyo; Japan 177 Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot; Israel 178 Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI; United States of America 179 Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal; Germany 180 Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven CT; United States of America 181 Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan; Armenia a Also at Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, NY; United States of America b Also at Centre for High Performance Computing, CSIR Campus, Rosebank, Cape Town; South Africa c Also at CERN, Geneva; Switzerland d Also at CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille; France e Also at Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Genève; Switzerland f Also at Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Spain g Also at Departamento de Fı́sica Teorica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada (Spain); Spain h Also at Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah; United Arab Emirates i Also at Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios; Greece – 36 – j Also at Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY; United States of America k Also at Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield; United Kingdom l Also at Department of Physics, California State University, Fresno CA; United States of America m Also at Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento CA; United States of America n Also at Department of Physics, King’s College London, London; United Kingdom o Also at Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg; Russia p Also at Department of Physics, Stanford University; United States of America q Also at Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg; Switzerland r Also at Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI; United States of America s Also at Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa, Pisa; Italy JHEP05(2019)124 t Also at Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun; Turkey u Also at Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka; Japan v Also at Hellenic Open University, Patras; Greece w Also at Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest; Romania x Also at II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen; Germany y Also at Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona; Spain z Also at Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg; Germany aa Also at Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen/Nikhef, Nijmegen; Netherlands ab Also at Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest; Hungary ac Also at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP); Canada ad Also at Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei; Taiwan ae Also at Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku; Azerbaijan af Also at Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi; Georgia ag Also at Istanbul University, Dept. of Physics, Istanbul; Turkey ah Also at LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay; France ai Also at Louisiana Tech University, Ruston LA; United States of America aj Also at Manhattan College, New York NY; United States of America ak Also at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University, Dolgoprudny; Russia al Also at National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow; Russia am Also at Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg; Germany an Also at School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; China ao Also at The City College of New York, New York NY; United States of America ap Also at The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing; China aq Also at Tomsk State University, Tomsk, and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University, Dolgoprudny; Russia ar Also at TRIUMF, Vancouver BC; Canada as Also at Universita di Napoli Parthenope, Napoli; Italy ∗ Deceased – 37 –