d5f62c9bce31f92a48abe890bee25aac The_Provision_of_Legal_Services_to_Consumers_Using.pdf 8323092ec3aa5e88481010a446aa8c798e3802bb The_Provision_of_Legal_Services_to_Consumers_Using.pdf 447ae488f1ee958d0d6966b70786ca799ab54f04a30fb5ace935daa8fa6d1263 The_Provision_of_Legal_Services_to_Consumers_Using.pdf Title: The Provision of Legal Services to Consumers Using LawTech Tools: From “Service” to “Legal Product” Subject: We need legal services, but not always and, in any case, lawyers. There are other companies on the market, real business structures, which represent a highly recommended alternative to traditional law firms. These companies, mostly known by the English term “LegalTech” startups, offer their “products” to the final consumer. In this sense, they are able to facilitate access to, for example, writing of documents, the presentation of claims or the possibility to finding a suitable lawyer for the consumer’s case for free or at a very low cost. “LawTech” tools are especially suitable for small claims that, otherwise, and despite the European process established for that purpose, would not be suited. On the other hand, the provision of a “legal product” entails the provision of a “digital service or digital content”, so the issue should be linked to the recent and controversial Directive (EU) 2019/770, of Parliament European and of the Council of May 20, 2019 regarding certain aspects of the contracts for the provision of digital content and services. To distinguish between the provision of the legal service and the provision of the digital service or digital content is not always an easy task and, nevertheless, it is meaningful because it will affect the determination of the applicable norms; for example, regarding the lack of conformity or the mistakes or biases of the algorithm. Likewise, the explainability of the algorithm is a first-order issue in consumer’s protection, in relation to the pre-contractual information that should be supplied to them. Keywords: Legal Tech Start-Ups, Law Tech Tools, Lawyers, Consumers, Digital Content, Digital Service, Intermediary Platforms, Lack of Conformity, Algorithm’s Failures, Algorithm’s Explainability, Pre-Contractual Information, European Law Author: Susana Navas Creator: Acrobat PDFMaker 11 Word 版 Producer: Adobe PDF Library 11.0 CreationDate: Thu Nov 14 07:46:38 2019 CET ModDate: Thu Nov 14 07:46:41 2019 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 25 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.32 x 807.96 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 377019 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- GNHMMB+MinionPro-Capt Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 552 0 XPTKQT+Calibri-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 554 0 UIKSAZ+Calibri TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 556 0 Tahoma TrueType WinAnsi no no no 558 0 LSUQER+Cambria-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 560 0 WTHECV+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 562 0 TimesNewRomanPSMT TrueType WinAnsi no no no 446 0 UQISAZ+Calibri-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 448 0 SNJGYD+Cambria-BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 450 0 ArialMT TrueType WinAnsi no no no 451 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2023-12-21 02:34:43 CET RepresentationInformation: The_Provision_of_Legal_Services_to_Consumers_Using.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-11-22 05:18:38 CET Size: 377019 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: OneColumn PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: The Provision of Legal Services to Consumers Using LawTech Tools: From “Service” to “Legal Product” Item: Title: Abstract Item: Title: Keywords Item: Title: 1. Introduction Children: Item: Title: 1.1. Framing the Phenomenon Item: Title: 1.2. From “LegalTech” to “LawTech” Item: Title: 1.3. From Personalized Advice to the Supply of Information as Subject Matter of the Provision of Legal Service: From “Service” to “Legal Product” Item: Title: 2. Digital Content and Digital Services Children: Item: Title: 2.1. The Concept in Directive (EU) 2019/770: Exclusions Item: Title: 2.2. DoNotPay, Lisa, Reclamador.es, ElAbogado.com, Awo, Anwalt.de and Many Others Children: Item: Title: 2.2.1. Provision of “Legal” Digital Services: Intermediary Platforms of Legal Services Item: Title: 2.2.2. “Do-It-Yourself” Tools: Product of Legal Documents by the Consumer Item: Title: 2.2.3. Provision of Digital Content That Involves a “Legal Product” Item: Title: 2.3. Contracts for the Supply of “Legal” Digital Service and “Legal” Digital Content: Legal Framework Children: Item: Title: 2.3.1. The Non-Classification of the Digital Service and Digital Content Contract in Directive (EU) 2019/770 Item: Title: 2.3.2. The “Legal” Digital Service and “Legal” Digital Content: Package of Different Elements Item: Title: 2.3.3. The Onerous Nature of the Supply Item: Title: 2.3.4. The Lack of Conformity of the “Legal” Digital Content or of the “Legal” Digital Service: Algorithm’s Failures Item: Title: 3. Precontractual Information and Explanability of Algorithm Item: Title: 4. Outcome Item: Title: Conflicts of Interest Item: Title: References Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 469 ImageHeight: 47 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 384 ImageHeight: 186 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 88 ImageHeight: 31 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Name: X Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: GNHMMB+MinionPro-Capt FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: GNHMMB+MinionPro-Capt Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -304, -369, 1712, 1007 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true TrueType: Font: BaseFont: LSUQER+Cambria-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 148 FontDescriptor: FontName: LSUQER+Cambria-Bold Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -1110, -299, 1373, 1047 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: UQISAZ+Calibri-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: UQISAZ+Calibri-Italic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -725, -276, 1260, 1014 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: WTHECV+PalatinoLinotype-Roman FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: WTHECV+PalatinoLinotype-Roman Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -170, -292, 1419, 1050 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: SNJGYD+Cambria-BoldItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: SNJGYD+Cambria-BoldItalic Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -1110, -299, 1378, 1047 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ArialMT FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: ArialMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -665, -325, 2000, 1006 Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: XPTKQT+Calibri-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 117 FontDescriptor: FontName: XPTKQT+Calibri-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -519, -306, 1240, 971 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: UIKSAZ+Calibri FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 119 FontDescriptor: FontName: UIKSAZ+Calibri Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -503, -307, 1240, 964 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: Tahoma FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: Tahoma Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -600, -216, 1516, 1034 Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: TimesNewRomanPSMT FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2000, 1007 Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding XMP: 2019-11-14T14:46:41+08:00 2019-11-14T14:46:38+08:00 2019-11-14T14:46:41+08:00 Acrobat PDFMaker 11 Word 版 uuid:3b388f4c-7d69-4e88-b6bd-b15854bce230 uuid:88e68874-63a4-4c66-9bb7-922e71a6748a 429 application/pdf The Provision of Legal Services to Consumers Using LawTech Tools: From “Service” to “Legal Product” We need legal services, but not always and, in any case, lawyers. There are other companies on the market, real business structures, which represent a highly recommended alternative to traditional law firms. These companies, mostly known by the English term “LegalTech” startups, offer their “products” to the final consumer. In this sense, they are able to facilitate access to, for example, writing of documents, the presentation of claims or the possibility to finding a suitable lawyer for the consumer’s case for free or at a very low cost. “LawTech” tools are especially suitable for small claims that, otherwise, and despite the European process established for that purpose, would not be suited. On the other hand, the provision of a “legal product” entails the provision of a “digital service or digital content”, so the issue should be linked to the recent and controversial Directive (EU) 2019/770, of Parliament European and of the Council of May 20, 2019 regarding certain aspects of the contracts for the provision of digital content and services. To distinguish between the provision of the legal service and the provision of the digital service or digital content is not always an easy task and, nevertheless, it is meaningful because it will affect the determination of the applicable norms; for example, regarding the lack of conformity or the mistakes or biases of the algorithm. Likewise, the explainability of the algorithm is a first-order issue in consumer’s protection, in relation to the pre-contractual information that should be supplied to them. Susana Navas Adobe PDF Library 11.0 Legal Tech Start-Ups, Law Tech Tools, Lawyers, Consumers, Digital Content, Digital Service, Intermediary Platforms, Lack of Conformity, Algorithm’s Failures, Algorithm’s Explainability, Pre-Contractual Information, European Law D:20191114064634 We need legal services, but not always and, in any case, lawyers. There are other companies on the market, real business structures, which represent a highly recommended alternative to traditional law firms. These companies, mostly known by the English term â•œLegalTechâ•š startups, offer their â•œproductsâ•š to the final consumer. In this sense, they are able to facilitate access to, for example, writing of documents, the presentation of claims or the possibility to finding a suitable lawyer for the consumerâ•Žs case for free or at a very low cost. â•œLawTechâ•š tools are especially suitable for small claims that, otherwise, and despite the European process established for that purpose, would not be suited. On the other hand, the provision of a â•œlegal productâ•š entails the provision of a â•œdigital service or digital contentâ•š, so the issue should be linked to the recent and controversial Directive (EU) 2019/770, of Parliament European and of the Council of May 20, 2019 regarding certain aspects of the contracts for the provision of digital content and services. To distinguish between the provision of the legal service and the provision of the digital service or digital content is not always an easy task and, nevertheless, it is meaningful because it will affect the determination of the applicable norms; for example, regarding the lack of conformity or the mistakes or biases of the algorithm. Likewise, the explainability of the algorithm is a first-order issue in consumerâ•Žs protection, in relation to the pre-contractual information that should be supplied to them. 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