b53e91afb2e87c054a5815a245a9d073 pmc_30909583.pdf d8e0a12113d7ee17e656627ef9d3d08d38eb1646 pmc_30909583.pdf 8d4722c631a83ad5e46d14d44d193ea1ea00b980c4ded21e7795574504a6442c pmc_30909583.pdf Title: Organoleptic Analysis of Drinking Water Using an Electronic Tongue Based on Electrochemical Microsensors Subject: The standards that establish water’s quality criteria for human consumption include organoleptic analysis. These analyses are performed by taste panels that are not available to all water supply companies with the required frequency. In this work, we propose the use of an electronic tongue to perform organoleptic tests in drinking water. The aim is to automate the whole process of these tests, making them more economical, simple, and accessible. The system is composed by an array of electrochemical microsensors and chemometric tools for multivariable processing to extract the useful chemical information. The array of sensors is composed of six Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistors (ISFET)-based sensors, one conductivity sensor, one redox potential sensor, and two amperometric electrodes, one gold microelectrode for chlorine detection, and one nanocomposite planar electrode for sensing electrochemical oxygen demand. A previous study addressed to classify water samples according to taste/smell descriptors (sweet, acidic, salty, bitter, medicinal, chlorinous, mouldy, and earthy) was performed. A second study comparing the results of two organoleptic tests (hedonic evaluation and ranking test) with the electronic tongue, using Partial Least Squares regression, was conducted. The results show that the proposed electronic tongue is capable of analyzing water samples according to their organoleptic characteristics, which can be used as an alternative method to the taste panel. Keywords: organoleptic tests; electrochemical microsensors; electronic tongue; multivariate methods; drinking water samples Author: Manuel Gutiérrez-Capitán, Marta Brull-Fontserè and Cecilia Jiménez-Jorquera Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Sat Mar 23 10:18:51 2019 CET ModDate: Sat Mar 23 10:18:51 2019 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 3235923 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ITSGLO+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 86 0 UJSUGC+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 87 0 YOPIAK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 88 0 TTQUQQ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 89 0 AZBFJT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 90 0 RVSEMT+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 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TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 409 0 Arial,Bold TrueType WinAnsi no no no 422 0 Arial TrueType WinAnsi no no no 423 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 439 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 440 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 441 0 Times New Roman TrueType WinAnsi no no no 442 0 ABCDEE+Calibri TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 453 0 ABCDEE+Calibri,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 454 0 GEJNTL+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 497 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2020-08-10 12:49:33 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_30909583.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2020-07-06 04:14:19 CEST Size: 3235923 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: 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げづちでづのぴびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰こはぬふぴどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こべのぴとづぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰くひでちのはぬづばぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰ぢべぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぱふどばねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㘩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: こべのぴとづぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰くひでちのはぬづばぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰ぢべぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぱふどばねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㘩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰くひでちのはぬづばぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰ぢべぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぱふどばねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㘩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: くひでちのはぬづばぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰ぢべぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぱふどばねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㘩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぱふどばねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㘩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: きづちびふひづねづのぴぜ〴ぜ〰きづぴとはつはぬはでべぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㜩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: いちぴちぜ〴ぜ〰ごひづちぴねづのぴぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: げづびふぬぴびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰いどびっふびびどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぉのばふぴぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰てはひぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃぬちびびどてどっちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰こべのぴとづぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃはひひづぬちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Children: Item: Title: ぉのばふぴぜ〴ぜ〰ざちひどちぢぬづびぜ〴ぜ〰てはひぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きはつづぬびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃぬちびびどてどっちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰こべのぴとづぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃはひひづぬちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぃぬちびびどてどっちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰こべのぴとづぴどっぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃはひひづぬちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぁのちぬべびどびぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰いひどのにどのでぜ〴ぜ〰しちぴづひぜ〴ぜ〰こちねばぬづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぃはひひづぬちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぃはひひづぬちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰ぷどぴとぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰ごちびぴづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐちのづぬぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぃはのっぬふびどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: げづてづひづのっづび Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: XIRVNA+EURB10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 22 LastChar: 22 FontDescriptor: FontName: XIRVNA+EURB10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -30, -247, 1178, 723 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: SUZJEW+PazoMath-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 115 LastChar: 115 FontDescriptor: FontName: SUZJEW+PazoMath-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -70, -277, 902, 733 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: GEJNTL+VnURWPalladioL-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 178 LastChar: 189 FontDescriptor: FontName: GEJNTL+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: XHAQEC+CMBSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 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