2400f8b46c899444d92c71e250ce910c pmc_31683828.pdf a0d1f0915eb91b18ba7f30d56fa7c5ebc89ed71d pmc_31683828.pdf 52cfcb5c83a5f340f43669e7ac861f2b9a83160041a9044d6bda6c145b16b856 pmc_31683828.pdf Title: A Minimally Invasive Microsensor Specially Designed for Simultaneous Dissolved Oxygen and pH Biofilm Profiling Subject: A novel sensing device for simultaneous dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH monitoring specially designed for biofilm profiling is presented in this work. This device enabled the recording of instantaneous DO and pH dynamic profiles within biofilms, improving the tools available for the study and the characterization of biological systems. The microsensor consisted of two parallel arrays of microelectrodes. Microelectrodes used for DO sensing were bare gold electrodes, while microelectrodes used for pH sensing were platinum-based electrodes modified using electrodeposited iridium oxide. The device was fabricated with a polyimide (Kapton®) film of 127 m as a substrate for minimizing the damage caused on the biofilm structure during its insertion. The electrodes were covered with a Nafion® layer to increase sensor stability and repeatability and to avoid electrode surface fouling. DO microelectrodes showed a linear response in the range 0–8 mg L-1, a detection limit of 0.05 mg L-1, and a sensitivity of 2.06 nA L mg-1. pH electrodes showed a linear super-Nernstian response (74.2 0.7 mV/pH unit) in a wide pH range (pH 4-9). The multi-analyte sensor array was validated in a flat plate bioreactor where simultaneous and instantaneous pH and DO profiles within a sulfide oxidizing biofilm were recorded. The electrodes spatial resolution, the monitoring sensitivity, and the minimally invasive features exhibited by the proposed microsensor improved biofilm monitoring performance, enabling the quantification of mass transfer resistances and the assessment of biological activity. Keywords: DO microsensor; pH microsensor; multi-analyte sensor; MEMS technology; biofilm profiling; biofilm monitoring Author: Xavier Guimerà, Ana Moya, Antonio David Dorado, Xavi Illa, Rosa Villa, David Gabriel, Xavier Gamisans and Gemma Gabriel Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Fri Nov 1 10:36:34 2019 CET ModDate: Fri Nov 1 10:36:34 2019 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2523369 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- GMKQKD+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 86 0 HTGDJK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 87 0 WNWTFR+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 88 0 GVWPLM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 89 0 YHLBEF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 90 0 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281 0 ECJKBC+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 282 0 ECJLNI+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 283 0 ECJJKP+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 308 0 ECJJLA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 309 0 ECJKBA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 310 0 ECJKBC+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 311 0 ECJLNI+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 312 0 ECJJKP+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 380 0 ECJJLA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 381 0 ECJKBA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 382 0 ECJKBB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 383 0 ECJKBC+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 384 0 ECJLNI+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 385 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2020-11-19 06:08:46 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_31683828.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) 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いづびどでのぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰うちぢひどっちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ちぜ〴ぜ〰きふぬぴど〭ぁのちぬべぴづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひづばちひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはぴづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きはのどぴはひどのでぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰あどはてどぬねぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはてどぬどのでぜ〴ぜ〰さびどのでぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: ぅぬづっぴひはつづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひづばちひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはぴづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きはのどぴはひどのでぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰あどはてどぬねぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはてどぬどのでぜ〴ぜ〰さびどのでぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: ぅぬづっぴひはつづぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはぴづっぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きはのどぴはひどのでぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰あどはてどぬねぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはてどぬどのでぜ〴ぜ〰さびどのでぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きはのどぴはひどのでぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㈮㔩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰あどはてどぬねぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはてどぬどのでぜ〴ぜ〰さびどのでぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: あどはてどぬねぜ〴ぜ〰ぐひはてどぬどのでぜ〴ぜ〰さびどのでぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸳ Item: Title: げづびふぬぴびぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰いどびっふびびどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮ㄩ‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ぉひくへぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづばはびどぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はのぜ〴ぜ〰ぐぴぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちひちっぴづひどぺちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぢどぬどぴべぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰がはので〭ごづひねぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰くばづひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Children: Item: Title: ぉひくへぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづばはびどぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はのぜ〴ぜ〰ぐぴぜ〴ぜ〰ぅぬづっぴひはつづびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㈩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちひちっぴづひどぺちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぢどぬどぴべぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰がはので〭ごづひねぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰くばづひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: いくぜ〴ぜ〰ちのつぜ〴ぜ〰ばえぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴ぜ〰ぃとちひちっぴづひどぺちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㌩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰こぴちぢどぬどぴべぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰がはので〭ごづひねぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰くばづひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: こぴちぢどぬどぴべぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰がはので〭ごづひねぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰げづびばはのびづぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳畢獥捴楯渮㌮㐩‾㸊⡜㌷㙜㌷㝜〰ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰くばづひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ざちぬどつちぴどはのぜ〴ぜ〰はてぜ〴ぜ〰ぴとづぜ〴ぜ〰きどっひはびづのびはひぜ〴ぜ〰くばづひちぴどはのぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: ぃはのっぬふびどはのびぜ〴〩਼㰠⽓ 䝯呯 䐠⡳散瑩潮⸴ Item: Title: げづてづひづのっづび Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: EUIVHG+Pxsyc FontSubset: true FirstChar: 8 LastChar: 8 FontDescriptor: FontName: EUIVHG+Pxsyc Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -179, -347, 1406, 887 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: RAMSXI+wasy9 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 35 LastChar: 35 FontDescriptor: FontName: RAMSXI+wasy9 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -21, -1667, 1768, 882 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: GMKQKD+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 150 FontDescriptor: FontName: GMKQKD+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: HTGDJK+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 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