4b608f35e8232b31eb0abe9c04fdd88a pmc_31684007.pdf 10e0a13b4e21c6c2a2bdc33d78fab83124a645c0 pmc_31684007.pdf a9d29967b94b24594f0740ac6214c81049786b4cb97accd830913a88fe79a391 pmc_31684007.pdf Title: Usefulness of Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers from Aqueous Humor in Predicting Anti-VEGF Response in Diabetic Macular Edema: Results of a Pilot Study Subject: The objective was to investigate the usefulness of the “liquid biopsy” of aqueous humor (AH) to predict the clinical response after intravitreal injections (IVT) of anti-VEGF agents for treating diabetic macular edema (DME). For this purpose, AH samples obtained during the first anti-VEGF IVT from 31 type two diabetic patients were analyzed. Patients were classified into three groups according to their anti-VEGF response: rapid responders (n = 11), slow responders (n = 11), and non-responders (n = 9). In addition, patients (n = 7) who showed good response to corticosteroids but a delayed or no response to anti-VEGF therapy were analyzed. Levels of 17 different cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in AH were measured using a multiplex immunoassay. We found higher concentrations of VEGF in rapid responders to anti-VEGF therapy compared to non-responders. In addition, slow responders to anti-VEGF treatment showed higher levels of inflammatory markers than rapid responders, but did not reach statistical significance. Finally, those patients who responded to corticosteroids but not to anti-VEGF therapy showed significantly lower levels of VEGF than patients with rapid response (p = 0.01). In conclusion, “liquid biopsy” of AH could be useful to determine whether the predominant pathogenic event is primarily angiogenic or inflammatory in nature. This approach would allow physicians to select a more rational and cost-effective treatment. Further studies to validate these preliminary results are warranted. Keywords: diabetic macular edema; anti-VEGF agents; aqueous humor; biomarkers; VEGF; inflammation; personalized medicine Author: Patricia Udaondo, Cristina Hernández, Laura Briansó-Llort, Salvador García-Delpech, Olga Simó-Servat and Rafael Simó Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Sat Nov 2 04:55:26 2019 CET ModDate: Sat Nov 2 04:55:26 2019 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 9 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 636317 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FLJETM+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 71 0 MASRJW+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 72 0 PRJKGQ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 73 0 KJRGAS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 74 0 MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 75 0 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Identity-H yes yes yes 188 0 CKDNPN+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 236 0 CKECNK+Calibri,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 237 0 CKDOAO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 238 0 CKDOHM+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 239 0 CKDOIO+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 240 0 CKDOJP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 241 0 CKDPNK+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 242 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2020-11-19 06:08:44 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_31684007.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2020-08-03 03:38:49 CEST Size: 636317 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false 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