271d8f6bffb96dfb21ea002703605f79 animals_a2020v10n12p2437.pdf a3eaea22faf0a61eeb488d3445fa8131a6036e28 animals_a2020v10n12p2437.pdf 0c45e8170a3b496fe510135e18f9eb6086f724f76e7b00620a0f39f00fc1f3ba animals_a2020v10n12p2437.pdf Title: Degree of Saturation and Free Fatty Acid Content of Fats Determine Dietary Preferences in Laying Hens Subject: Behavioural and genetic evidence shows that the taste system is intimately related to the sensing of nutrients with consequences for poultry nutrition practices. A better understanding of how chickens may sense fat could provide the background for selecting feedstuffs used in poultry feeds. Acid oils have the potential to be economical and sustainable feedstuffs. These fat by-products from the edible oil refining industry possess a similar fatty acid composition to the crude oils but are richer in free fatty acids (FFA). An experiment was conducted to study the effect of FFA content and the unsaturated:saturated ratio (U:S) on dietary preferences in hens. Four fat sources were added to a basal diet at an inclusion rate of 6%, determining the experimental diets: soybean oil (SO; high U:S, 5% FFA); soybean acid oil (SA; high U:S, 50% FFA); palm oil (PO; low U:S, 5% FFA); and palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD; low U:S, 50% FFA). The experimental diets were offered in a series of double-choice tests to forty-eight Lohmann Brown laying hens housed individually in cages. Each hen was offered the ten potential binary combinations of the four diets including each diet compared to itself (referred to as four control double-choices). Feed intake was measured for two hours twice a day after one hour of fasting. Consumption was analysed as a standard preference index (% of test diet intake in comparison with the total intake). Preference values were compared to the random choice value of 50% using the Student’s t-test. None of the four control comparisons differ significantly from 50% (p > 0.05), indicating that the changes in preference values observed in the other binary comparisons were related to the dietary changes associated to fat ingredients. Hens showed a feed preference for palm oil added diets over soybean oil diets (p < 0.05), with PO and PFAD being equally preferred (p < 0.05). However, in this trial the hens demonstrated a preference for SO (low %FFA) when offered in choice with SA (high %FFA) (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the degree of saturation plays an important role in dietary fat preferences: hens prefer predominantly saturated oils even when these are rich in FFA. Furthermore, when presented with a choice between predominantly unsaturated oils, hens prefer feed with a low %FFA. In conclusion, %FFA and the U:S ratio affected feed preferences in hens. The use of oils with greater preference values may give rise to greater feed palatability, enhancing feed intake at critical stages. Keywords: fat source; soybean oil; palm oil; laying hen; palatability; double-choice; preference Author: María Palomar, María Dolores Soler, Eugeni Roura, Roser Sala, Olga Piquer and Carlos Garcés-Narro Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sat Dec 19 09:26:49 2020 CET ModDate: Sat Dec 19 09:26:49 2020 CET Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 407625 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- BYSDUK+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 67 0 FULXLV+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 68 0 YSPQJI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 69 0 FPUJXU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 70 0 QZBFWS+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 71 0 OFLXAT+Rpxr 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