f4dc554df7b1d7e4bf7788bbad052edf 284149.pdf 3382aef18b9ad8f4a7fdfd399b1775213215cf84 284149.pdf ef539575e0a818f9a38c97c09e4e3d4e640981dae361ff1f1d0c54a04dec906d 284149.pdf Title: Involvement of Workers in Closed and Semiclosed Institutions in Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis Due to Norovirus Subject: Norovirus outbreaks frequently occur in closed or semiclosed institutions. Recent studies in Catalonia and various countries indicate that, during outbreaks in these institutions, norovirus is detected in between 23% and 60% of workers, and the prevalence of infection in asymptomatic workers involved in outbreaks ranges from 17% to 40%. In this work, we carried out a prospective study to investigate the involvement of workers in closed and semiclosed institutions during outbreaks. The attack rates (ARs) and the rate ratios (RRs) were calculated according to the type of transmission and occupational category. The RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between workers and users were calculated. The mean cycle of quantification (Cq) values were compared according to the genogroup and the presence of symptoms. ARs were higher in person-to-person transmission than in common vehicle outbreaks, and 38.8% of workers were symptomatic. The RR between workers and users was 0.46 (95% CI 0.41–0.52). The ARs in workers were high, particularly in workers with closer contact with users. The mean Cq was lower in patients than in asymptomatic infected persons, although the difference was only significant for genogroup I (GI). The frequency of asymptomatic infected persons suggests that personal hygiene measures should be followed by all workers in the centers affected.-8pt Keywords: norovirus; outbreak; acute gastroenteritis; closed institution; semiclosed institution; workers Author: Ignacio Parrón, Irene Barrabeig, Miquel Alseda, Thais Cornejo-Sánchez, Susana Guix, Mireia Jané, Conchita Izquierdo, Cristina Rius, Àngela Domínguez and the Working Group for the Study of Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Catalonia Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Dec 14 08:44:44 2020 CET ModDate: Mon Dec 14 09:04:53 2020 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 978442 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- AOYAIO+Pxsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 10 0 XMESMT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 14 0 PBYOZA+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 HYSKMZ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 JOJOGH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 OFLXAT+Rpxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 32 0 WIJFCJ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 36 0 QTLELQ+Pxbsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 40 0 HOWKDX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 48 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 70 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 74 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 78 0 JCMBAC+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 92 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 100 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 104 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 108 0 BCDIEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 112 0 TimesNewRomanPSMT TrueType WinAnsi no no no 119 0 BCDJEE+PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 122 0 BCDKEE+Calibri TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 ArialMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 131 0 LZDGTK+Rpxb Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 142 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 157 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 161 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 165 0 TimesNewRomanPSMT TrueType WinAnsi no no no 169 0 BCDJEE+PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 172 0 BCDKEE+Calibri TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 177 0 IUDKMW+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 190 0 VSHNAE+Rpcxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 197 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-11-04 02:31:57 CET RepresentationInformation: 284149.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-11-03 13:53:13 CET Size: 978442 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 343 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Children: Item: Title: Type of Study, Study Period and Study Population Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Outbreaks Included in the Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: Data Collection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: Data Analysis and Management Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612fc6eb Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1060b431 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612679d6 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@11758f2a Info: Title: Involvement of Workers in Closed and Semiclosed Institutions in Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis Due to Norovirus Author: Ignacio Parrón, Irene Barrabeig, Miquel Alseda, Thais Cornejo-Sánchez, Susana Guix, Mireia Jané, Conchita Izquierdo, Cristina Rius, Àngela Domínguez and the Working Group for the Study of Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Catalonia Subject: Norovirus outbreaks frequently occur in closed or semiclosed institutions. Recent studies in Catalonia and various countries indicate that, during outbreaks in these institutions, norovirus is detected in between 23% and 60% of workers, and the prevalence of infection in asymptomatic workers involved in outbreaks ranges from 17% to 40%. In this work, we carried out a prospective study to investigate the involvement of workers in closed and semiclosed institutions during outbreaks. The attack rates (ARs) and the rate ratios (RRs) were calculated according to the type of transmission and occupational category. The RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between workers and users were calculated. The mean cycle of quantification (Cq) values were compared according to the genogroup and the presence of symptoms. ARs were higher in person-to-person transmission than in common vehicle outbreaks, and 38.8% of workers were symptomatic. The RR between workers and users was 0.46 (95% CI 0.41 0.52). The ARs in workers were high, particularly in workers with closer contact with users. The mean Cq was lower in patients than in asymptomatic infected persons, although the difference was only significant for genogroup I (GI). 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