c64c62ae9318d316238b0ae6119fc83d pmc_33086603.pdf f7a42bfcc914e44f4645f22ca836121bc0ff6f02 pmc_33086603.pdf a3bcc65ef555ae9d0a22fc1f0d55b3c806bf71b9ca3b93bc815572b7147c91d7 pmc_33086603.pdf Title: Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Genetic Diseases of the Connective Tissue Subject: Connective tissue is known to provide structural and functional “glue” properties to other tissues. It contains cellular and molecular components that are arranged in several dynamic organizations. Connective tissue is the focus of numerous genetic and nongenetic diseases. Genetic diseases of the connective tissue are minority or rare, but no less important than the nongenetic diseases. Here we review the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress on the onset and/or progression of diseases that directly affect connective tissue and have a genetic origin. It is important to consider that ROS and oxidative stress are not synonymous, although they are often closely linked. In a normal range, ROS have a relevant physiological role, whose levels result from a fine balance between ROS producers and ROS scavenge enzymatic systems. However, pathology arises or worsens when such balance is lost, like when ROS production is abnormally and constantly high and/or when ROS scavenge (enzymatic) systems are impaired. These concepts apply to numerous diseases, and connective tissue is no exception. We have organized this review around the two basic structural molecular components of connective tissue: The ground substance and fibers (collagen and elastic fibers). Keywords: connective tissue; reactive oxigen species; oxidative stress; collagen; elastin; fibrilin; ground substance; collagen fibres; elastic fibres; genetic diseases Author: Gustavo Egea, Francesc Jiménez-Altayó and Victoria Campuzano Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Wed Oct 21 07:50:24 2020 CEST ModDate: Wed Oct 21 07:52:32 2020 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 39 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 593273 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- HJOMHV+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 EKDTZH+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 PCNLWT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 PYJZWB+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 KSIXUM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 MHAHCD+Rpxr 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PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: Basic Structural Organization, Function, and Cellular and Molecular Components of Connective Tissue Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Cellular Components Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: ECM Components Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Maintenance and Turnover of ECM Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Pathologies Associated with the Connective Tissue Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Redox and Oxidative Stress: Basic Concepts, Components, and Regulatory Pathways Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Children: Item: Title: Biochemistry of Free Radicals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Main Enzymatic Sources of Free Radicals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Elimination of Free Radicals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Detection of Free Radicals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Redox and Oxidative Stress in Genetic Diseases of Connective Tissue Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Children: Item: Title: Genetic Diseases Affecting Collagen Fibers and Associated Components Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Children: Item: Title: Collagen IV-Associated Pathologies: Alport Syndrome Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Collagen VI-Associated Myopathies: Bethlem Myopathy, Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy, and Myosclerosis Myopathy Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Collagen VIII-Associated Pathologies: Fuchs Syndrome Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Collagen XV-Associated Deficiencies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Genetic Diseases Affecting Elastic Fibers and Associated Components Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Children: Item: Title: Elastin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Fibrillins and Fibrillin-Associated Proteins Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Concluding Remarks Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Info: Title: Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Genetic Diseases of the Connective Tissue Author: Gustavo Egea, Francesc Jiménez-Altayó and Victoria Campuzano Subject: Connective tissue is known to provide structural and functional “glue” properties to other tissues. It contains cellular and molecular components that are arranged in several dynamic organizations. Connective tissue is the focus of numerous genetic and nongenetic diseases. Genetic diseases of the connective tissue are minority or rare, but no less important than the nongenetic diseases. Here we review the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress on the onset and/or progression of diseases that directly affect connective tissue and have a genetic origin. It is important to consider that ROS and oxidative stress are not synonymous, although they are often closely linked. In a normal range, ROS have a relevant physiological role, whose levels result from a fine balance between ROS producers and ROS scavenge enzymatic systems. However, pathology arises or worsens when such balance is lost, like when ROS production is abnormally and constantly high and/or when ROS scavenge (enzymatic) systems are impaired. These concepts apply to numerous diseases, and connective tissue is no exception. We have organized this review around the two basic structural molecular components of connective tissue: The ground substance and fibers (collagen and elastic fibers). 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143, 483, 179, 493 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 241, 444, 278, 454 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 404, 309, 415 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 315, 404, 351, 415 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 150, 366, 187, 376 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 328, 223, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 229, 328, 265, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 233, 289, 270, 299 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 249, 448, 260 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 351, 211, 389, 222 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 141, 160, 178, 170 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 474, 120, 512, 131 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 344, 82, 382, 92 Page: Sequence: 35 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 727, 472, 738 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 336, 688, 373, 699 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 154, 663, 192, 673 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 235, 637, 272, 648 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 436, 611, 473, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 611, 516, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 295, 586, 333, 596 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 458, 547, 496, 557 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 344, 508, 381, 519 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 163, 483, 201, 493 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 207, 483, 243, 493 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 286, 457, 324, 467 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 330, 457, 366, 467 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 259, 418, 296, 428 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 413, 378, 450, 389 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 456, 378, 493, 389 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 418, 340, 456, 351 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 462, 340, 498, 351 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 327, 472, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 327, 514, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 297, 301, 335, 312 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 341, 301, 377, 312 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 144, 276, 182, 286 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 420, 249, 458, 260 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 461, 224, 499, 234 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 382, 199, 420, 209 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 172, 469, 183 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 195, 108, 233, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 239, 108, 275, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 273, 82, 310, 92 Page: Sequence: 36 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 241, 728, 278, 738 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 650, 342, 661 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 348, 650, 384, 661 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 289, 612, 327, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 417, 572, 455, 583 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 395, 547, 433, 557 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 439, 547, 475, 557 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 521, 516, 531 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 375, 482, 413, 493 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 196, 457, 233, 467 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 417, 360, 428 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 354, 391, 391, 402 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 398, 391, 434, 402 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 158, 341, 196, 351 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 235, 314, 273, 325 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 279, 314, 315, 325 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 376, 276, 413, 286 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 236, 516, 247 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 158, 199, 195, 209 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 371, 172, 408, 183 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 414, 172, 450, 183 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 133, 516, 144 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 474, 94, 512, 105 Page: Sequence: 37 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 158, 715, 195, 725 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 675, 415, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 421, 675, 457, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 651, 223, 661 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 432, 611, 470, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 476, 611, 512, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 181, 560, 219, 570 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 322, 482, 360, 493 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 100, 444, 137, 454 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 143, 444, 179, 454 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 159, 405, 196, 415 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 202, 405, 238, 415 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 391, 516, 402 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 388, 366, 425, 376 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 366, 467, 376 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 172, 328, 210, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 450, 301, 488, 312 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 420, 275, 458, 286 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 150, 250, 187, 260 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 172, 212, 210, 222 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 303, 173, 341, 183 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 468, 146, 504, 157 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 380, 107, 418, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 424, 107, 460, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 404, 82, 442, 92 Page: Sequence: 38 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 258, 727, 295, 738 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 714, 516, 725 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 441, 688, 479, 699 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 144, 651, 182, 661 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 474, 611, 511, 622 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 100, 573, 137, 583 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 143, 573, 179, 583 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 439, 533, 475, 544 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 533, 516, 544 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 495, 380, 506 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 387, 495, 423, 506 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 213, 457, 251, 467 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 257, 457, 293, 467 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 153, 418, 190, 428 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 231, 391, 268, 402 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 275, 391, 311, 402 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 366, 516, 376 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 159, 328, 196, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 202, 328, 238, 338 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 243, 289, 281, 299 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 477, 249, 514, 260 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 224, 415, 234 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 213, 185, 251, 196 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 257, 185, 293, 196 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 145, 160, 183, 170 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 189, 160, 225, 170 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 437, 107, 474, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 107, 516, 118 Page: Sequence: 39 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 168, 715, 206, 725 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 149, 676, 186, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 76, 604, 166, 635 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 234, 598, 407, 609 Checksum: 82887c0a Type: CRC32 Checksum: c64c62ae9318d316238b0ae6119fc83d Type: MD5 Checksum: f7a42bfcc914e44f4645f22ca836121bc0ff6f02 Type: SHA-1