a1a8fa21267fb3502f7e724bc91c2846 pmc_33255587.pdf b52edd846fe796300a1cd74a31c4040c4389de37 pmc_33255587.pdf 2455b31e31504a22f344187d8e0d615d0b5edc8ef1f53a5a287903e30d6310da pmc_33255587.pdf Title: Nanoplasmonic Paper-Based Platform for General Screening of Biomacromolecules Subject: Hygiene assessment in industrial and clinical environments is crucial in the prevention of health risks. Current technologies for routine cleanliness evaluation rely on the detection of specific biomolecules, thus requiring more than one test for broad-range screening. Herein, the modulation of the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by biomacromolecules was employed to develop a nanoplasmonic platform for general hygiene screening. AuNPs were immobilized on cellulose paper by simple adsorption. When ferricyanide was dispensed onto the paper, the AuNPs catalysed the ferricyanide’s dissociation, releasing free cyanide ions that dissolved them. The AuNP dissolution produced an intense colour shift detectable with the naked eye. When biomacromolecules (e.g., proteins and polysaccharides) were present, they spontaneously attached to AuNPs, forming a biomolecular corona (biocorona), reducing their catalytic activity until complete suppression when the NPs were fully covered by molecules. The concentration-dependent decrease in the catalytic activity was here used to quantify biomacromolecules and complex samples such as milk, eggs, soy sauce and yeast extract (in 20 min), with detection limits comparable to those of standard methods, i.e., 0.25 g mL-1 for albumin. This nano-enabled technology may be applied as a broad-range (unspecific) alert system for inexpensive cleanliness evaluation, with potential applications in sensitive sectors including productive industries and hospitals. Keywords: nanoplasmonic platform; gold nanoparticles; biomolecular coronas; nanocatalytic activity; hygiene screening Author: Ferran Pujol-Vila, Andrew Tobias Aveling Jenkins, Xavier Muñoz-Berbel and Jordi Mas Gordi Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Mon Nov 30 11:35:19 2020 CET ModDate: Mon Nov 30 11:46:49 2020 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2860502 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- AWHDWW+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 AWYZKI+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 HDNGMM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 RZHJGG+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 QANVCD+Rpxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 HHMDGK+Pxsy Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 32 0 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258 0 HJIPBO+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 261 0 HJINAG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 276 0 HJINJF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 279 0 HJINKG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 282 0 HJIPBO+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 285 0 TGMEOR+Rpcxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 296 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-05-27 03:48:32 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33255587.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-03-31 11:43:36 CEST Size: 2860502 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 447 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Chemical Reagents Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Synthesis and Processing of Gold Nanoparticles Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Fluorimetry Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Ferricyanide Dissociation Activity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta Potential Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Plasmonic Paper Fabrication Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Colour Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Children: Item: Title: Biocorona Formation and Characterization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Impact of the Biocorona on Ferricyanide Dissociation by AuNPs Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Nanoplasmonic Paper Platform for General Screening of Biomacromolecules Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Info: Title: Nanoplasmonic Paper-Based Platform for General Screening of Biomacromolecules Author: Ferran Pujol-Vila, Andrew Tobias Aveling Jenkins, Xavier Muñoz-Berbel and Jordi Mas Gordi Subject: Hygiene assessment in industrial and clinical environments is crucial in the prevention of health risks. Current technologies for routine cleanliness evaluation rely on the detection of specific biomolecules, thus requiring more than one test for broad-range screening. Herein, the modulation of the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by biomacromolecules was employed to develop a nanoplasmonic platform for general hygiene screening. AuNPs were immobilized on cellulose paper by simple adsorption. When ferricyanide was dispensed onto the paper, the AuNPs catalysed the ferricyanide’s dissociation, releasing free cyanide ions that dissolved them. The AuNP dissolution produced an intense colour shift detectable with the naked eye. When biomacromolecules (e.g., proteins and polysaccharides) were present, they spontaneously attached to AuNPs, forming a biomolecular corona (biocorona), reducing their catalytic activity until complete suppression when the NPs were fully covered by molecules. The concentration-dependent decrease in the catalytic activity was here used to quantify biomacromolecules and complex samples such as milk, eggs, soy sauce and yeast extract (in 20 min), with detection limits comparable to those of standard methods, i.e., 0.25 g mL-1 for albumin. This nano-enabled technology may be applied as a broad-range (unspecific) alert system for inexpensive cleanliness evaluation, with potential applications in sensitive sectors including productive industries and hospitals. 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