8989e3cdc9b864d533f69c6c04f57509 pmc_32867115.pdf 0cbf24c8e20f54c648385b2bc8ec1216264b893d pmc_32867115.pdf 0ee0a55f82970b143d420c9bce2f647e3cbf70a083c8841cf1898261b0110989 pmc_32867115.pdf Title: 3D-Printed All-Dielectric Electromagnetic Encoders with Synchronous Reading for Measuring Displacements and Velocities Subject: In this paper, 3D-printed electromagnetic (or microwave) encoders with synchronous reading based on permittivity contrast, and devoted to the measurement of displacements and velocities, are reported for the first time. The considered encoders are based on two chains of linearly shaped apertures made on a 3D-printed high-permittivity dielectric material. One such aperture chain contains the identification (ID) code, whereas the other chain provides the clock signal. Synchronous reading is necessary in order to determine the absolute position if the velocity between the encoder and the sensitive part of the reader is not constant. Such absolute position can be determined as long as the whole encoder is encoded with the so-called de Bruijn sequence. For encoder reading, a splitter/combiner structure with each branch loaded with a series gap and a slot resonator (each one tuned to a different frequency) is considered. Such a structure is able to detect the presence of the apertures when the encoder is displaced, at short distance, over the slots. Thus, by injecting two harmonic signals, conveniently tuned, at the input port of the splitter/combiner structure, two amplitude modulated (AM) signals are generated by tag motion at the output port of the sensitive part of the reader. One of the AM envelope functions provides the absolute position, whereas the other one provides the clock signal and the velocity of the encoder. These synchronous 3D-printed all-dielectric encoders based on permittivity contrast are a good alternative to microwave encoders based on metallic inclusions in those applications where low cost as well as major robustness against mechanical wearing and aging effects are the main concerns. Keywords: microwave sensors; motion control; 3D printing Author: Cristian Herrojo, Ferran Paredes and Ferran Martín Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Thu Aug 27 10:02:14 2020 CEST ModDate: Thu Aug 27 10:02:14 2020 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 3819634 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- WOEMVD+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 51 0 NEUCPS+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 52 0 WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 53 0 FLPHIE+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 54 0 ZKVPSE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 55 0 SVVJCD+Rpxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 56 0 RVSEMT+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C 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AEPOFD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 487 0 AEPOKD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 488 0 AEPOLE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 489 0 AEPPBF+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 490 0 AEPOFD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 505 0 AEPOKD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 506 0 AEPOLE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 507 0 AEPOMG+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 508 0 AEPPBF+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 509 0 AEPPJE+TimesNewRoman,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 535 0 AEPOFD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 536 0 AEPOKD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 537 0 AEPOLE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 538 0 AEPPBF+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 539 0 VSHNAE+Rpcxr Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 614 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 04:02:19 CEST 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