2ae0e10afc7123c4d90000ffcedaa328 jmarscieng_a2021v9n4p356.pdf fdf90563033ffb86949c48d3ae70a6e7a7543509 jmarscieng_a2021v9n4p356.pdf 16f534d434a6998af852b72af33632045f56469438bc32f4156fb1e9d01f97e0 jmarscieng_a2021v9n4p356.pdf Title: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review Subject: Research into renewable energy is an active field of research, with photovoltaic and wind being the most representative technologies. A promising renewable energy source is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), based on the temperature gradient of seawater. This technology has two contradictory features, as its efficiency is relatively low while, on the other hand, its energy source is almost unlimited. OTEC research has focused on optimizing energy extraction, with different techniques having been used for this purpose. This article presents a review of the advances and applications of OTEC technology around the world. Throughout the document, the different uses of deep seawater are analyzed; further, the current systems which generate energy through the marine temperature gradient are reviewed, and the main advantages and disadvantages of each method are highlighted. The technical operations, construction variations, and the projects that have been developed around the world and those which are in the planning phase are also detailed. The two main conclusions are that this technology is still under development, but it is quite promising, especially for regions with little access to drinking water. Second, given the high implementation costs and low conversion efficiency, the development of this technology must be sponsored by governments. Keywords: OTEC; marine energy; power plant; island; desalinization; deep ocean water Author: Jorge Herrera, Santiago Sierra and Asier Ibeas Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Mar 26 04:54:17 2021 CET ModDate: Fri Mar 26 05:02:20 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1192059 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- PXVVCN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 HFVMUN+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 IDQBRO+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 XDWKKK+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 27 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 30 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 52 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 56 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 60 0 QGUKZH+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 75 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-04-27 02:24:00 CEST RepresentationInformation: jmarscieng_a2021v9n4p356.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2021-04-06 11:39:50 CEST Size: 1192059 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 384 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Temperature in the Sea and Otec Cycles Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Open-Cycle Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Open-Cycle with Mist Lift System Destination: 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Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Other Uses of Deep Ocean Water Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Children: Item: Title: Desalinated Water Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Refrigerated Soil Agriculture Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Aquaculture Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: History and Otec Projects around the World Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Children: Item: Title: Beginnings of OTEC Technology Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: OTEC in Japan Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Item: Title: OTEC in United States Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612fc6eb Item: Title: NEMO Project Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1060b431 Item: Title: Other OTEC Projects in Development Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612679d6 Item: Title: Environmental Impact Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@11758f2a Item: Title: Technical Challenges and Restrictions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@e720b71 Item: Title: Economic Viability Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1b26f7b2 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@491cc5c9 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@74ad1f1f Info: Title: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Other Uses of Deep Sea Water: A Review Author: Jorge Herrera, Santiago Sierra and Asier Ibeas Subject: Research into renewable energy is an active field of research, with photovoltaic and wind being the most representative technologies. A promising renewable energy source is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), based on the temperature gradient of seawater. This technology has two contradictory features, as its efficiency is relatively low while, on the other hand, its energy source is almost unlimited. OTEC research has focused on optimizing energy extraction, with different techniques having been used for this purpose. This article presents a review of the advances and applications of OTEC technology around the world. Throughout the document, the different uses of deep seawater are analyzed; further, the current systems which generate energy through the marine temperature gradient are reviewed, and the main advantages and disadvantages of each method are highlighted. The technical operations, construction variations, and the projects that have been developed around the world and those which are in the planning phase are also detailed. The two main conclusions are that this technology is still under development, but it is quite promising, especially for regions with little access to drinking water. Second, given the high implementation costs and low conversion efficiency, the development of this technology must be sponsored by governments. 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