8a4f9026b74b21a2931920035dd37aa5 forests_a2021v12n11p1600.pdf d5107b2f7fdc770d5e5c1de0db411c670595fcb0 forests_a2021v12n11p1600.pdf a857342023e319995700f8584501aa44db2fa5061c15844f907d4195e01d8dd3 forests_a2021v12n11p1600.pdf Title: Evolution of Human Salivary Stress Markers during an Eight-Hour Exposure to a Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest.A Pilot Study Subject: The current study analyses the evolution of different human stress markers during an 8 h exposure to a Mediterranean Holm oak forest. We conducted a pre-post study with thirty-one subjects in which saliva samples were collected before the exposure (baseline) and after 1, 2, 4 and 8 h. Our results show: (A) a significant decrease in cortisol saliva concentrations from the second hour until the end compared to basal time; (B) a significant increase in alpha amylase activity after the first hour of exposure compared to basal time that remained elevated during the rest of the study; (C) a significant decrease in IgA from the fourth hour of exposure compared to the basal time. These findings indicate an effect of forest exposure in salivary biomarkers of stress and provide relevant data for the scientific and healthcare community encouraging further research in the field. Keywords: forest exposure; shinrin-yoku; cortisol; stress markers; forest environments; IgA; health effects Author: Albert Bach, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Roser Maneja, Joan Llusià, Josep Penuelas and Damián Escribano Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Nov 25 06:58:45 2021 CET ModDate: Thu Nov 25 09:10:11 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 23934960 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- UQXSEF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 JDYXDR+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 JKJHAP+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ZQXETB+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 AZUTVD+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 55 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 59 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 63 0 OJYQXC+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 75 0 VVSYYB+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 104 0 XIRVNA+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 147 0 MDIKPC+CMBSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 151 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-03-10 03:04:09 CET RepresentationInformation: forests_a2021v12n11p1600.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-02-16 12:37:19 CET Size: 23934960 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 370 FreeObjects: 13 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: Participants Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Study Site Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Study Design Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Saliva Sampling Procedure Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Laboratory Salivary Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Data Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Info: Title: Evolution of Human Salivary Stress Markers during an Eight-Hour Exposure to a Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest.A Pilot Study Author: Albert Bach, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Roser Maneja, Joan Llusià, Josep Penuelas and Damián Escribano Subject: The current study analyses the evolution of different human stress markers during an 8 h exposure to a Mediterranean Holm oak forest. We conducted a pre-post study with thirty-one subjects in which saliva samples were collected before the exposure (baseline) and after 1, 2, 4 and 8 h. Our results show: (A) a significant decrease in cortisol saliva concentrations from the second hour until the end compared to basal time; (B) a significant increase in alpha amylase activity after the first hour of exposure compared to basal time that remained elevated during the rest of the study; (C) a significant decrease in IgA from the fourth hour of exposure compared to the basal time. These findings indicate an effect of forest exposure in salivary biomarkers of stress and provide relevant data for the scientific and healthcare community encouraging further research in the field. 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