0142c3ebb337bbb18a8c1648ebdce83c aerospace_a2021v8n12p364.pdf e2c1299f7b94b5b9e94178c4eb69c4c844938ed5 aerospace_a2021v8n12p364.pdf fa79f4daf9de33f110be84741901b98a550eb65d811d88fab2ebab812777a43e aerospace_a2021v8n12p364.pdf Title: Spatiotemporal Graph Indicators for Air Traffic Complexity Analysis Subject: There has been extensive research in formalising air traffic complexity, but existing works focus mainly on a metric to tie down the peak air traffic controllers workload rather than a dynamic approach to complexity that could guide both strategical, pre-tactical and tactical actions for a smooth flow of aircraft. In this paper, aircraft interdependencies are formalized using graph theory and four complexity indicators are described, which combine spatiotemporal topological information with the severity of the interdependencies. These indicators can be used to predict the dynamic evolution of complexity, by not giving one single score, but measuring complexity in a time window. Results show that these indicators can capture complex spatiotemporal areas in a sector and give a detailed and nuanced view of sector complexity. Keywords: air traffic complexity; spatiotemporal indicators; complexity metrics; graph theory Author: Ralvi Isufaj, Thimjo Koca and Miquel Angel Piera Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Nov 25 10:53:21 2021 CET ModDate: Thu Nov 25 10:57:32 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 22 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2587743 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IQKRFS+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 CHUMTP+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 CGPYFR+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 KLRPZQ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 27 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 49 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 53 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 57 0 GIGFZE+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 72 0 WBEHIQ+CMEX10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 79 0 DGQLZT+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 83 0 XNDIHY+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 87 0 SYFPBV+CMMI10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 94 0 Verdana CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 137 0 LWLEWN+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 159 0 LWLEWN+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 3470 0 MPAXOT+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 6785 0 NOOJHH+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 10096 0 VOZRHK+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 13000 0 HYRCID+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 13011 0 TSFWNO+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 13026 0 ZQFDOL+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 13037 0 AGAMDY+OpenSans TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 13052 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-03-10 03:03:53 CET RepresentationInformation: aerospace_a2021v8n12p364.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-02-17 12:38:15 CET Size: 2587743 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 13225 FreeObjects: 4291 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Related Work Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Air Traffic Modelled as a Graph Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Children: Item: Title: Some Definitions of Graph Theory Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Modelling Aircraft Spatiotemporal Interdependencies Using Graphs Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Complexity Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Edge Density Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Strength Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Clustering Coefficient Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Nearest Neighbour Degree Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Test Scenarios Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Children: Item: Title: Illustrative Examples Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Miles-in-Trail Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Evaluation on Real Traffic Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Children: Item: Title: Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Complexity Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Correlation between Number of Aircraft and the Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Correlation between Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: Conclusions and Future Work Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Info: Title: Spatiotemporal Graph Indicators for Air Traffic Complexity Analysis Author: Ralvi Isufaj, Thimjo Koca and Miquel Angel Piera Subject: There has been extensive research in formalising air traffic complexity, but existing works focus mainly on a metric to tie down the peak air traffic controllers workload rather than a dynamic approach to complexity that could guide both strategical, pre-tactical and tactical actions for a smooth flow of aircraft. In this paper, aircraft interdependencies are formalized using graph theory and four complexity indicators are described, which combine spatiotemporal topological information with the severity of the interdependencies. These indicators can be used to predict the dynamic evolution of complexity, by not giving one single score, but measuring complexity in a time window. Results show that these indicators can capture complex spatiotemporal areas in a sector and give a detailed and nuanced view of sector complexity. 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