f3a5b88b5c6e902724702b436974f8e7 vetsci_a2022v9n3p110.pdf bb78f577a7b47306feb849437664980b0e2c4722 vetsci_a2022v9n3p110.pdf 7d04072652491307d36f25ce8a4aa2b5443d9f5686aeccf5b5e04f6b48841562 vetsci_a2022v9n3p110.pdf Title: Revisiting Porcine Circovirus Disease Diagnostic Criteria in the Current Porcine Circovirus 2 Epidemiological Context Subject: Current knowledge on porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD) caused by Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) includes the subclinical infection (PCV-2-SI), systemic (PCV-2-SD) and reproductive (PCV-2-RD) diseases, and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). Criteria to establish the diagnosis of these conditions have not changed over the years; thus, the triad composed by clinical signs, lesions and viral detection in lesions are still the hallmark for PCV-2-SD and PCV-2-RD. In contrast, PCV-2-SI diagnosis is not usually performed since this condition is perceived to be controlled by default through vaccination. PDNS is diagnosed by gross and histopathological findings, and PCV-2 detection is not recognized as a diagnostic criterion. Molecular biology methods as a proxy for PCVD diagnoses have been extensively used in the last decade, although these techniques should be mainly considered as monitoring tools rather than diagnostic ones. What has changed over the years is the epidemiological picture of PCV-2 through the massive use of vaccination, which allowed the decrease in infectious pressure paralleled with a decrease in overall herd immunity. Consequently, the need for establishing the diagnosis of PCVD has increased lately, especially in cases with a PCV-2-SD-like condition despite vaccination. Therefore, the objective of the present review is to update the current knowledge on diagnostic criteria for PCVDs and to contextualize the interest of using molecular biology methods in the overall picture of these diseases within variable epidemiological scenarios of PCV-2 infection. Keywords: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2); porcine circovirus disease; clinical signs; pathology; diagnosis; epidemiology; vaccination Author: Joaquim Segalés and Marina Sibila Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Mar 3 09:36:50 2022 CET ModDate: Thu Mar 3 10:12:14 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 885238 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SFTHCF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GZEJCC+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 LIBNLX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 OSNQQE+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 AKSOSO+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 BTFGED+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 44 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 48 0 CTCXDQ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 60 0 IKKWKP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 91 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-04-08 02:26:30 CEST RepresentationInformation: vetsci_a2022v9n3p110.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-04-07 13:04:42 CEST Size: 885238 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 377 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: PCV-2 Infection Outcomes and Their Lesions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: PCV-2 Infection Outcomes and Their Diagnoses Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Diagnostic Tools for PCV-2 Infections Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: Diagnostic Criteria for PCVDs Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Diagnostic Usefulness of PCR Methodologies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Diagnostic Usefulness of Antibody Detection Methodologies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: PCV-2 Epidemiology and Vaccination Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Children: Item: Title: Changing PCV-2 Epidemiology Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: PCVDs in Vaccinated Herds Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Info: Title: Revisiting Porcine Circovirus Disease Diagnostic Criteria in the Current Porcine Circovirus 2 Epidemiological Context Author: Joaquim Segalés and Marina Sibila Subject: Current knowledge on porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD) caused by Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) includes the subclinical infection (PCV-2-SI), systemic (PCV-2-SD) and reproductive (PCV-2-RD) diseases, and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). Criteria to establish the diagnosis of these conditions have not changed over the years; thus, the triad composed by clinical signs, lesions and viral detection in lesions are still the hallmark for PCV-2-SD and PCV-2-RD. In contrast, PCV-2-SI diagnosis is not usually performed since this condition is perceived to be controlled by default through vaccination. PDNS is diagnosed by gross and histopathological findings, and PCV-2 detection is not recognized as a diagnostic criterion. Molecular biology methods as a proxy for PCVD diagnoses have been extensively used in the last decade, although these techniques should be mainly considered as monitoring tools rather than diagnostic ones. What has changed over the years is the epidemiological picture of PCV-2 through the massive use of vaccination, which allowed the decrease in infectious pressure paralleled with a decrease in overall herd immunity. Consequently, the need for establishing the diagnosis of PCVD has increased lately, especially in cases with a PCV-2-SD-like condition despite vaccination. Therefore, the objective of the present review is to update the current knowledge on diagnostic criteria for PCVDs and to contextualize the interest of using molecular biology methods in the overall picture of these diseases within variable epidemiological scenarios of PCV-2 infection. 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