889447b98c555cb098d14b13fad31737 pmc_34578856.pdf b3f2e474fe6e394a7df08e74e0d9c2d6fa7a8ced pmc_34578856.pdf 0da9ff557d3eb4a70fcc6c0bf4cc9ee7e1b74303e73c08ca57061d884555e0e6 pmc_34578856.pdf Title: Integrating Dietary Data into Microbiome Studies: A Step Forward for Nutri-Metaomics Subject: Diet is recognised as the main driver of changes in gut microbiota. However, linking habitual dietary intake to microbiome composition and activity remains a challenge, leaving most microbiome studies with little or no dietary information. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted two consecutive studies (n = 84: a first pilot study (n = 40) to build a web-based, semi-quantitative simplified FFQ (sFFQ) based on three 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs); a second study (n = 44) served to validate the newly developed sFFQ using three 24HRs as reference method and to relate gut microbiome profiling (16S rRNA gene) with the extracted dietary and lifestyle data. Relative validation analysis provided acceptable classification and agreement for 13 out of 24 (54%) food groups and 20 out of 29 nutrients (69%) based on intraclass correlation coefficient, cross-classification, Spearman’s correlation, Wilcoxon test, and Bland–Altman. Microbiome analysis showed that higher diversity was positively associated with age, vaginal birth, and intake of fruit. In contrast, microbial diversity was negatively associated with BMI, processed meats, ready-to-eat meals, sodium, and saturated fat. Our analysis also revealed a correlation between food groups or nutrients and microbial composition. Overall, we provide the first dietary assessment tool to be validated and correlated with microbiome data for population studies. Keywords: sFFQ development; relative validation; diet–microbiome relationship Author: Francisca Yáñez, Zaida Soler, Manon Oliero, Zixuan Xie, Iñigo Oyarzun, Gerard Serrano-Gómez and Chaysavanh Manichanh Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Aug 30 11:50:10 2021 CEST ModDate: Mon Aug 30 12:02:09 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2761897 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- CIQLLF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 PITNWB+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 EWVGRP+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ISUVDU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 ENXZUH+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 HGMNRX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 QMDDXF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 84 0 LKMOBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 97 0 YKMKPC+SFRM0900 Type 1 Custom yes yes no 104 0 URYLRZ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 109 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 121 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 125 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 129 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 133 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 151 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 155 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 159 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 163 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 170 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 185 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 189 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 193 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 197 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 214 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 218 0 ABCDEE+Palatino Linotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 222 0 RDUGED+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 236 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:39:16 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_34578856.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:05:47 CEST Size: 2761897 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 467 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Study Population Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: 24-h Dietary Recall: The Pilot Study Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Design and Development of the sFFQ Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: sFFQ Administration Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Analysis of the sFFQ Responses Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Identification of Unreliable sFFQs and 24HRs Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis to Evaluate the Validity and Reproducibility of the sFFQ Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Microbiome and Statistical Analyses Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Deposition of Sequences Data Destination: subsection.2.9 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Study Design Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Participants’ Characteristics Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Validation of the sFFQ Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Reproducibility of the sFFQ Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Participants’ Dietary Profile Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Correlation between Participants’ Characteristics and Microbial Diversity and Taxa Destination: subsection.3.6 Item: Title: Correlation between Dietary Intake and Microbial Diversity and Taxa Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Integrating Dietary Data into Microbiome Studies: A Step Forward for Nutri-Metaomics Author: Francisca Yáñez, Zaida Soler, Manon Oliero, Zixuan Xie, Iñigo Oyarzun, Gerard Serrano-Gómez and Chaysavanh Manichanh Subject: Diet is recognised as the main driver of changes in gut microbiota. However, linking habitual dietary intake to microbiome composition and activity remains a challenge, leaving most microbiome studies with little or no dietary information. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted two consecutive studies (n = 84: a first pilot study (n = 40) to build a web-based, semi-quantitative simplified FFQ (sFFQ) based on three 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs); a second study (n = 44) served to validate the newly developed sFFQ using three 24HRs as reference method and to relate gut microbiome profiling (16S rRNA gene) with the extracted dietary and lifestyle data. Relative validation analysis provided acceptable classification and agreement for 13 out of 24 (54%) food groups and 20 out of 29 nutrients (69%) based on intraclass correlation coefficient, cross-classification, Spearman’s correlation, Wilcoxon test, and Bland Altman. Microbiome analysis showed that higher diversity was positively associated with age, vaginal birth, and intake of fruit. In contrast, microbial diversity was negatively associated with BMI, processed meats, ready-to-eat meals, sodium, and saturated fat. Our analysis also revealed a correlation between food groups or nutrients and microbial composition. Overall, we provide the first dietary assessment tool to be validated and correlated with microbiome data for population studies. 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