aca8d8d303a8685db166014cb366cdbb pmc_34679989.pdf 1441b9c99b8f4a14e50da7b116889371c6c0d1e3 pmc_34679989.pdf d84a709f99d09d8ce69825ee3a78eea736486f54f138940d4c4e7bb1da46b8fe pmc_34679989.pdf Title: A Methodology to Quantify Resilience in Growing Pigs Subject: There is a growing concern about the genetic determinism of resilience and its possible implementation in breeding programs. The objective of our study was to elaborate novel resilience indicators in growing pigs based on the deviation from the expected growth curve and the increment of the acute-phase protein haptoglobin (HP) after applying a common vaccine. A total of 445 pigs were vaccinated with an attenuated Aujeszky vaccine at 12 weeks of age. Deviation from the expected body weight (BW) given the growth curve of unvaccinated pigs at 28 days post-vaccination (DPV) and the increment of HP at 4 DPV (HP) were suggested as resilience indicators. Challenged pigs that maintained their productivity and had a minor activation of HP were deemed resilient, whereas pigs that had low BW values and a high activation of HP were deemed susceptible. Pigs were also classified based on BW and HP relative to the expected BW at 28 DPV and to the basal level of HP, respectively. The concordance was high between both methods, indicating that BW and HP are not sensitive to the animal’s expected BW nor the basal level of HP. The heritability estimates were moderate for BW (0.33) and low-to-moderate for HP (0.16). Our study suggests BW and HP as novel resilience indicators in pigs. The suggested indicators capture different aspects of resilience, are easy to measure, and are genetically controlled. Thus, they may be improved through selective breeding. Further analyses are needed to validate our findings. Keywords: body weight; haptoglobin; pigs; resilience indicators; vaccine challenge Author: Houda Laghouaouta, Ramona N. Pena, Roger Ros-Freixedes, Josep Reixach, Marta Díaz, Joan Estany, Ramon Armengol, Anna Bassols and Lorenzo Fraile Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Oct 15 11:56:21 2021 CEST ModDate: Fri Oct 15 12:31:44 2021 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1383883 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- XNLXUN+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 CAOQHT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 FZNGXS+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 DVCRDK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 MPUDFL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 70 0 DIVSZL+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 82 0 RFLZJB+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 89 0 TMWBXL+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 93 0 IAIHMN+Symbol Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 100 0 IAIFIF+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 105 0 IAIFIG+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 108 0 IAIFIH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 114 0 IAIFIJ+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 117 0 IAIHLM+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 120 0 PDXFNG+PazoMath-Bold Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 136 0 IAIFHE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 143 0 IAIFIF+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 149 0 IAIFIG+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 152 0 IAIFIH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 158 0 IAIFIJ+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 161 0 IAIFIF+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 171 0 IAIFIG+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 174 0 IAIFIH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 180 0 IAIFIJ+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 183 0 IAIFIF+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 193 0 IAIFIG+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 196 0 IAIFIH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 202 0 IAIFIJ+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 205 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-03-22 02:40:10 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_34679989.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-01-10 08:31:45 CET Size: 1383883 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 361 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: Animals and Experimental Design Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Determination of the Acute-Phase Protein Haptoglobin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Proposal of Resilience Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Body Weight Deviation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Increment of Haptoglobin after the Vaccine Challenge Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Classification of Pigs into Resilient and Susceptible Groups Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Heritability Estimates Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Children: Item: Title: Descriptive Statistics for the Novel Resilience Indicators Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Classification of Pigs’ Resilience Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Heritability Estimates Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Info: Title: A Methodology to Quantify Resilience in Growing Pigs Author: Houda Laghouaouta, Ramona N. Pena, Roger Ros-Freixedes, Josep Reixach, Marta Díaz, Joan Estany, Ramon Armengol, Anna Bassols and Lorenzo Fraile Subject: There is a growing concern about the genetic determinism of resilience and its possible implementation in breeding programs. The objective of our study was to elaborate novel resilience indicators in growing pigs based on the deviation from the expected growth curve and the increment of the acute-phase protein haptoglobin (HP) after applying a common vaccine. A total of 445 pigs were vaccinated with an attenuated Aujeszky vaccine at 12 weeks of age. Deviation from the expected body weight (BW) given the growth curve of unvaccinated pigs at 28 days post-vaccination (DPV) and the increment of HP at 4 DPV (HP) were suggested as resilience indicators. Challenged pigs that maintained their productivity and had a minor activation of HP were deemed resilient, whereas pigs that had low BW values and a high activation of HP were deemed susceptible. Pigs were also classified based on BW and HP relative to the expected BW at 28 DPV and to the basal level of HP, respectively. The concordance was high between both methods, indicating that BW and HP are not sensitive to the animal’s expected BW nor the basal level of HP. The heritability estimates were moderate for BW (0.33) and low-to-moderate for HP (0.16). Our study suggests BW and HP as novel resilience indicators in pigs. The suggested indicators capture different aspects of resilience, are easy to measure, and are genetically controlled. Thus, they may be improved through selective breeding. Further analyses are needed to validate our findings. 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