45727db0b4d1957c3e9d3977d4d3ad69 pmc_34685085.pdf 1d73059fe1dc7850a4ca732cd84f49979283d3da pmc_34685085.pdf 2f652185df9c643572a9775dfafb4911a0332166e5924ee62f0cc49d6b570ded pmc_34685085.pdf Title: Immunomodulatory Function of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Vibrio-Stimulated Sea Urchin Immune Cells Subject: We investigated the role of the gold nanoparticles functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP–AuNPs) on the innate immune response against an acute infection caused by Vibrio anguillarum in an in vitro immunological nonmammalian next-generation model, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. To profile the immunomodulatory function of PVP–AuNPs (0.1 g mL-1) in sea urchin immune cells stimulated by Vibrio (10 g mL-1) for 3 h, we focused on the baseline immunological state of the donor, and we analysed the topography, cellular metabolism, and expression of human cell surface antigens of the exposed cells, as well as the signalling leading the interaction between PVP–AuNPs and the Vibrio-stimulated cells. PVP–AuNPs are not able to silence the inflammatory signalling (TLR4/p38MAPK/NF-B signalling) that involves the whole population of P. lividus immune cells exposed to Vibrio. However, our findings emphasise the ability of PVP–AuNPs to stimulate a subset of rare cells (defined here as Group 3) that express CD45 and CD14 antigens on their surface, which are known to be involved in immune cell maturation and macrophage activation in humans. Our evidence on how PVP–AuNPs may stimulate sea urchin immune cells represents an important starting point for planning new research work on the topic. Keywords: proxy for human model; quiescence and immune activation; nanointeraction; PVP–AuNPs antimicrobial function; infected sea urchin immune cells Author: Andi Alijagic, Angela Bonura, Francesco Barbero, Victor F. Puntes, Francesco Gervasi and Annalisa Pinsino Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Oct 12 12:48:54 2021 CEST ModDate: Tue Oct 12 12:58:41 2021 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 10535583 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- AZBFJT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 QPZFHW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 15 0 KZGPVN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 DAAIVD+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 YKYPBH+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 CBJBMJ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 QMDDXF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 36 0 NPLVPL+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 44 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom 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Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 517 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Polyvinylpyrrolidone Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Preparation of Bacteria Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Sea Urchin, Immune Cell Exposure, and Cell Viability Assay Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Flow Cytometry Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: SDS-PAGE and Immunoblotting Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Statistics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Polyvinylpyrrolidone Leads to the Formation of Hetero-Aggregates Independently of the Concentration and Time Exposure of the Gold Particles in the Sea Urchin Coelomic Fluid Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: The In Vitro Particle Bacteria Immune Cell Interface: How Cells Behave Differently Based on the Baseline Immunological State of the Donor Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Try to Interfere with the Immunological State Affected by Vibrio Anguillarum Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Info: Title: Immunomodulatory Function of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Vibrio-Stimulated Sea Urchin Immune Cells Author: Andi Alijagic, Angela Bonura, Francesco Barbero, Victor F. Puntes, Francesco Gervasi and Annalisa Pinsino Subject: We investigated the role of the gold nanoparticles functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP AuNPs) on the innate immune response against an acute infection caused by Vibrio anguillarum in an in vitro immunological nonmammalian next-generation model, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. To profile the immunomodulatory function of PVP AuNPs (0.1 g mL-1) in sea urchin immune cells stimulated by Vibrio (10 g mL-1) for 3 h, we focused on the baseline immunological state of the donor, and we analysed the topography, cellular metabolism, and expression of human cell surface antigens of the exposed cells, as well as the signalling leading the interaction between PVP AuNPs and the Vibrio-stimulated cells. PVP AuNPs are not able to silence the inflammatory signalling (TLR4/p38MAPK/NF-B signalling) that involves the whole population of P. lividus immune cells exposed to Vibrio. However, our findings emphasise the ability of PVP AuNPs to stimulate a subset of rare cells (defined here as Group 3) that express CD45 and CD14 antigens on their surface, which are known to be involved in immune cell maturation and macrophage activation in humans. Our evidence on how PVP AuNPs may stimulate sea urchin immune cells represents an important starting point for planning new research work on the topic. 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