edc53304dd9be85b04f636e81cc7fdee pmc_34770098.pdf 82890652c0b15d8d77e6d6d2efef8b065891a2a3 pmc_34770098.pdf 3a268c0b47f732ed2b67574763ab93672fd14c069ba77427c5ee5e761e0b3eb7 pmc_34770098.pdf Title: Food Losses and Waste: A Needed Assessment for Future Policies Subject: About one third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted. For this reason, food losses and waste has become a key priority within worldwide policy circles. This is a major global issue that not only threatens the viability of a sustainable food system but also generates negative externalities in environmental terms. The avoidance of this forbidding wastage would have a positive economic impact on national economies in terms of resource savings. In this paper we look beyond this somewhat traditional resource savings angle and we shift the focus to explore the distributional consequences of food losses and waste reduction using a resource constrained modeling perspective. The impact due to the behavioral shift of each household is therefore explained by two factors. One is the amount of resources saved when the behavioral shift takes place, whereas the other one has to do with the position of households in the food supply chain. By considering the whole supply chain, instead of the common approach based only in reducing waste by consumers, we enrich the empirical knowledge of this issue and improve the quantification of its economic impact. We examine data for three EU countries that present different economic structures (Germany, Spain and Poland) so as to have a broader and more robust viewpoint of the potential results. We find that distributional effects are different for consumers and producers and also across countries. Our results could be useful for policymakers since they indicate that policies should not be driven merely by the size waste but rather on its position within the food supply chain. Keywords: linear multiplier models; social accounting matrix; food waste Author: Pilar Campoy-Muñoz, Manuel Alejandro Cardenete, María del Carmen Delgado and Ferran Sancho Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Nov 8 02:41:10 2021 CET ModDate: Mon Nov 8 02:44:29 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 391927 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- OPZDHV+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 FEWMAU+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 USJPTY+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 NXWXXT+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 LWQXII+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 39 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 61 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 65 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 69 0 TGITNH+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 87 0 QFLWGV+CMEX10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 94 0 QQXUPP+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 98 0 DGQAJX+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 102 0 GIGFZE+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 106 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-03-22 02:35:49 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_34770098.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-01-10 08:19:19 CET Size: 391927 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 302 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: The AgroSAM Database Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Estimates of FLW Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Budget-Constrained Multipliers Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Info: Title: Food Losses and Waste: A Needed Assessment for Future Policies Author: Pilar Campoy-Muñoz, Manuel Alejandro Cardenete, María del Carmen Delgado and Ferran Sancho Subject: About one third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted. For this reason, food losses and waste has become a key priority within worldwide policy circles. This is a major global issue that not only threatens the viability of a sustainable food system but also generates negative externalities in environmental terms. The avoidance of this forbidding wastage would have a positive economic impact on national economies in terms of resource savings. In this paper we look beyond this somewhat traditional resource savings angle and we shift the focus to explore the distributional consequences of food losses and waste reduction using a resource constrained modeling perspective. The impact due to the behavioral shift of each household is therefore explained by two factors. One is the amount of resources saved when the behavioral shift takes place, whereas the other one has to do with the position of households in the food supply chain. By considering the whole supply chain, instead of the common approach based only in reducing waste by consumers, we enrich the empirical knowledge of this issue and improve the quantification of its economic impact. We examine data for three EU countries that present different economic structures (Germany, Spain and Poland) so as to have a broader and more robust viewpoint of the potential results. We find that distributional effects are different for consumers and producers and also across countries. Our results could be useful for policymakers since they indicate that policies should not be driven merely by the size waste but rather on its position within the food supply chain. Keywords: linear multiplier models; social accounting matrix; food waste Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Nov 08 02:41:10 CET 2021 ModDate: Mon Nov 08 02:44:29 CET 2021 ID: 0x6684d519811f9b6a731123e1b0e4a4dd, 0x6684d519811f9b6a731123e1b0e4a4dd Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: QQXUPP+PazoMath FontSubset: true FirstChar: 229 LastChar: 229 FontDescriptor: FontName: QQXUPP+PazoMath Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -40, -283, 878, 946 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: USJPTY+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 241 FontDescriptor: FontName: USJPTY+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: DGQAJX+PazoMath-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 106 LastChar: 109 FontDescriptor: FontName: DGQAJX+PazoMath-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -70, -277, 902, 733 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: TGITNH+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 54 FontDescriptor: FontName: TGITNH+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: NXWXXT+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: NXWXXT+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: OPZDHV+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 161 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: OPZDHV+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: GIGFZE+CMR10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 40 LastChar: 61 FontDescriptor: FontName: GIGFZE+CMR10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -40, -250, 1009, 750 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 189 LastChar: 189 FontDescriptor: FontName: WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: QFLWGV+CMEX10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 17 FontDescriptor: FontName: QFLWGV+CMEX10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -24, -2960, 1454, 772 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: FEWMAU+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 151 FontDescriptor: FontName: FEWMAU+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 759, 181, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 759, 560, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 140, 662, 151, 675 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 662, 446, 675 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 106, 370, 154, 379 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 358, 139, 367 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 162, 97, 184 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 153, 89, 154, 98 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 77, 147, 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 206, 210, 214 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 230, 193, 237, 202 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 522, 193, 529, 202 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 529, 193, 536, 202 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 180, 384, 189 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 385, 180, 392, 189 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 395, 180, 402, 189 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 296, 168, 303, 177 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 168, 311, 177 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 416, 168, 428, 177 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 428, 168, 440, 177 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 221, 143, 233, 152 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 486, 117, 498, 127 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 287, 93, 299, 101 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 388, 80, 395, 89 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 205, 17, 354, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 414, 17, 558, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 446, 87, 465 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 516, 724, 528, 733 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 262, 649, 274, 658 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 398, 611, 410, 620 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 410, 611, 422, 620 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 498, 611, 509, 620 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 543, 460, 555, 469 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 421, 410, 433, 419 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 434, 410, 446, 419 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 385, 215, 394 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 345, 335, 357, 344 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 322, 556, 331 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 446, 285, 458, 294 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 471, 272, 483, 281 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 536, 260, 548, 269 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 326, 222, 338, 231 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 197, 389, 206 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 399, 197, 411, 206 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 345, 147, 357, 156 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 348, 96, 360, 105 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 454, 96, 466, 105 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 466, 96, 478, 105 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 287, 84, 299, 93 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 299, 84, 311, 93 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 408, 84, 420, 93 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 421, 84, 433, 93 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 436, 84, 448, 93 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 71, 215, 80 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 71, 423, 80 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 426, 71, 438, 80 ActionDest: 125 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 237, 710, 249, 719 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 685, 319, 694 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 414, 685, 426, 694 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 452, 685, 464, 694 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 428, 609, 440, 618 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 220, 544, 226, 556 ActionDest: 81 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 527, 544, 534, 556 ActionDest: 110 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 553, 544, 560, 556 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 408, 531, 415, 543 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 356, 420, 368, 429 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 373, 395, 385, 404 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 307, 319, 316 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 503, 257, 515, 266 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 293, 156, 305, 165 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 424, 156, 436, 165 ActionDest: 125 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 513, 710, 525, 719 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 672, 502, 681 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 634, 556, 643 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 224, 584, 236, 593 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 518, 534, 530, 543 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 521, 556, 530 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 508, 318, 518 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 394, 508, 406, 518 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 398, 471, 410, 480 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 300, 458, 312, 467 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 474, 458, 486, 467 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 324, 446, 336, 455 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 543, 395, 555, 405 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 257, 319, 267 ActionDest: 122 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 647, 388, 656 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 495, 647, 507, 656 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 507, 647, 519, 656 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 325, 347, 337, 356 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 446, 129, 458, 138 ActionDest: 122 Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 312, 619, 319, 631 ActionDest: 110 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 194, 175, 201, 187 ActionDest: 113 Page: Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 369, 489, 376, 501 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 132, 224, 144 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 325, 135, 337, 144 ActionDest: 122 Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 344, 336, 356, 345 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 394, 286, 406, 295 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 248, 493, 257 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 393, 210, 405, 219 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 360, 198, 372, 207 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 244, 135, 256, 144 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 257, 135, 269, 144 ActionDest: 125 Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 251, 735, 263, 744 ActionDest: 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 287, 672, 299, 681 ActionDest: 125 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 164, 130, 202, 141 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 108, 133, 118 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 335, 84, 373, 95 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 379, 84, 415, 95 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 158, 61, 195, 72 Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 246, 722, 283, 732 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 104, 699, 142, 709 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 451, 675, 489, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 495, 675, 531, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 352, 652, 390, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 172, 630, 210, 640 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 216, 630, 252, 640 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 341, 594, 379, 605 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 561, 97, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 561, 139, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 496, 537, 534, 548 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 514, 404, 525 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 492, 228, 502 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 487, 445, 524, 456 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 410, 422, 448, 433 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 151, 376, 189, 387 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 421, 307, 560, 318 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 295, 219, 306 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 331, 226, 449, 237 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 203, 203, 214 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 180, 515, 191 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 521, 180, 557, 191 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 378, 134, 416, 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 111, 449, 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 255, 88, 292, 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 339, 65, 377, 76 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 383, 65, 419, 76 Page: Sequence: 11 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 439, 698, 560, 709 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 595, 133, 605 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 525, 516, 536 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 380, 479, 560, 490 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 468, 134, 479 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 410, 560, 421 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 399, 440, 410 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 387, 521, 398 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 185, 364, 560, 375 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 353, 336, 364 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 237, 341, 560, 352 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 330, 310, 341 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 307, 345, 318 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 351, 307, 387, 318 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 100, 285, 137, 295 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 199, 262, 236, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 204, 97, 214 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 396, 192, 560, 203 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 180, 220, 191 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 157, 521, 168 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 229, 123, 266, 134 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 273, 123, 309, 134 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 209, 100, 246, 111 Checksum: bb38daf4 Type: CRC32 Checksum: edc53304dd9be85b04f636e81cc7fdee Type: MD5 Checksum: 82890652c0b15d8d77e6d6d2efef8b065891a2a3 Type: SHA-1