89cba7edf11e96080bd5ef7f52e91734 2021_Manuelian_Antioxidants_Review_PFA_Livestock_in_vivo.pdf 3a031fd42209c2ab73c35427d684639cc8e0b854 2021_Manuelian_Antioxidants_Review_PFA_Livestock_in_vivo.pdf 3d03100fa7272887cacf868fb73d0ef33f8028efbbf30f460cbc32113a4ff308 2021_Manuelian_Antioxidants_Review_PFA_Livestock_in_vivo.pdf Title: Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Livestock Mammals’ Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years Subject: In the last two decades, the interest in natural plant feed additives (PFA) as alternatives to synthetic vitamins in livestock nutrition has increased. After a systematic review, a total of 19 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2020 were retained to evaluate the antioxidant effects of PFA compared to synthetic antioxidant vitamins (mainly vitamin E; VitE) in livestock nutrition. These studies demonstrated that PFAs could be as efficient as VitE in counteracting oxidative stress in pigs, rabbits, and ruminants. However, PFAs only positively affected animals’ growth performance and feed efficiency in some monogastric studies. The PFA can affect antioxidant enzyme activity in a dose- and method of administration-dependent manner. The antioxidant capacity of both PFA and VitE were depressed in cows fed with diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Variability among studies could be related to species differences. Despite the interest of the feed industry sector in PFA, there are still very few studies evaluating their antioxidant effect in species other than poultry. Keywords: plant extract; essential oils; plant by-product; natural vitamins; synthetic vitamins; vitamin E; vitamin C; tocopherols; tocopheryl; antioxidants Author: Carmen L. Manuelian, Rosario Pitino, Marica Simoni, Alexandros Mavrommatis, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Righi and Eleni Tsiplakou Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Sep 14 14:11:04 2021 CEST ModDate: Tue Sep 14 15:56:51 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 22 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 298431 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JVPMLJ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 435 0 OSVJVT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 439 0 UZCDGK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 442 0 UWRJCH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 445 0 KUDXZB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 449 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 461 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 464 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 467 0 NAOEJP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 338 0 VHUTGS+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 343 0 BLQQCU+EURM7 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 344 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-04-19 02:46:16 CEST RepresentationInformation: 2021_Manuelian_Antioxidants_Review_PFA_Livestock_in_vivo.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-04-11 05:47:09 CEST Size: 298431 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Literature Selection Criteria Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Lipid Peroxidation, Free Radical Generation, and Antioxidant Defense System Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Potential Plant Extracts and Plant By-Products as Alternative Sources of Vitamins in Animal Feeds Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Monogastrics Destination: subsection.4.1 Children: Item: Title: Effects on Feed Intake, Growth, and Other Productive Performance Parameters in Pigs and Rabbits Destination: subsubsection.4.1.1 Item: Title: Effects on Metabolic and Hematological Parameters, Oxidative Status, and Gene Expression in Pigs and Rabbits Destination: subsubsection.4.1.2 Item: Title: Ruminants Destination: subsection.4.2 Children: Item: Title: Effects on Feed Intake, Growth, and Other Productive Performance Parameters in Ruminants Destination: subsubsection.4.2.1 Item: Title: Effects on Metabolic Parameters and Oxidative Status in Ruminants Destination: subsubsection.4.2.2 Item: Title: Final and General Remarks Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.6 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: NAOEJP+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 48 FontDescriptor: FontName: NAOEJP+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: JVPMLJ+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 157 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: JVPMLJ+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: OSVJVT+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 150 FontDescriptor: FontName: OSVJVT+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: VHUTGS+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 26 FontDescriptor: FontName: VHUTGS+EURM10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -32, -243, 1060, 720 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: BLQQCU+EURM7 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 13 FontDescriptor: FontName: BLQQCU+EURM7 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -5, -243, 1229, 720 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: UZCDGK+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: UZCDGK+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: UWRJCH+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: UWRJCH+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true XMP: application/pdf Carmen L. Manuelian, Rosario Pitino, Marica Simoni, Alexandros Mavrommatis, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Righi and Eleni Tsiplakou In the last two decades, the interest in natural plant feed additives (PFA) as alternatives to synthetic vitamins in livestock nutrition has increased. After a systematic review, a total of 19 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2020 were retained to evaluate the antioxidant effects of PFA compared to synthetic antioxidant vitamins (mainly vitamin E; VitE) in livestock nutrition. These studies demonstrated that PFAs could be as efficient as VitE in counteracting oxidative stress in pigs, rabbits, and ruminants. However, PFAs only positively affected animals’ growth performance and feed efficiency in some monogastric studies. The PFA can affect antioxidant enzyme activity in a dose- and method of administration-dependent manner. The antioxidant capacity of both PFA and VitE were depressed in cows fed with diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Variability among studies could be related to species differences. Despite the interest of the feed industry sector in PFA, there are still very few studies evaluating their antioxidant effect in species other than poultry. 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