a551f436242542f5339dfb8ecbf7ffc1 pmc_33440833.pdf 164b77910448504fdb4572792f7df10594e706b2 pmc_33440833.pdf 7ccc6ab5ded6fe12d9cfdf54ca4973b28b9c6659f6d4ad79804b07f751464476 pmc_33440833.pdf Title: Use of a Managed Solitary Bee to Pollinate Almonds: Population Sustainability and Increased Fruit Set Subject: Osmia spp. are excellent orchard pollinators but evidence that their populations can be sustained in orchard environments and their use results in increased fruit production is scarce. We released an Osmia cornuta population in an almond orchard and measured its population dynamics, as well as visitation rates and fruit set at increasing distances from the nesting stations. Honeybees were 10 times more abundant than O. cornuta. However, the best models relating fruit set and bee visitation included only O. cornuta visitation, which explained 41% and 40% of the initial and final fruit set. Distance from the nesting stations explained 27.7% and 22.1% of the variability in initial and final fruit set. Of the 198 females released, 99 (54.4%) established and produced an average of 9.15 cells. Female population growth was 1.28. By comparing our results with those of previous O. cornuta studies we identify two important populational bottlenecks (female establishment and male-biased progeny sex ratios). Our study demonstrates that even a small population of a highly effective pollinator may have a significant impact on fruit set. Our results are encouraging for the use of Osmia managed populations and for the implementation of measures to promote wild pollinators in agricultural environments. Keywords: pollination service; Osmia cornuta; Apis mellifera; population dynamics; managed pollinators; crop pollination Author: Jordi Bosch, Sergio Osorio-Canadas, Fabio Sgolastra and Narcís Vicens Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Jan 11 12:11:19 2021 CET ModDate: Mon Jan 11 15:22:52 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1548593 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IBTYZX+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 DXNYSO+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 HTLZVK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 VVXYMX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 WRVHZY+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 QMDDXF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 78 0 MPUDFL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 85 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 101 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 104 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 107 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 110 0 TIWFWB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 120 0 HEHLNI+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 135 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 141 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 144 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 147 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 150 0 HEHPJJ+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 156 0 HEHLNI+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 172 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 178 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 181 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 184 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 187 0 HEHPJJ+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 193 0 HEHLNI+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 210 0 HEIAMD+SimSun CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 216 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 222 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 225 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 228 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 231 0 HEHPJJ+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 237 0 HEHLNI+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 259 0 HEIDDG+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 265 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 271 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 274 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 277 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 280 0 HEHPJJ+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 286 0 HEHLNI+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 300 0 HEIDDG+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 306 0 HEHLNJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 312 0 HEHMGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 315 0 HEHMHJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 318 0 HEHOBA+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 321 0 HEHPJJ+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 327 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:35:26 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33440833.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:08:33 CEST Size: 1548593 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 534 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Destination: section.A. Item: Title: References Destination: figure.caption.10 Info: Title: Use of a Managed Solitary Bee to Pollinate Almonds: Population Sustainability and Increased Fruit Set Author: Jordi Bosch, Sergio Osorio-Canadas, Fabio Sgolastra and Narcís Vicens Subject: Osmia spp. are excellent orchard pollinators but evidence that their populations can be sustained in orchard environments and their use results in increased fruit production is scarce. We released an Osmia cornuta population in an almond orchard and measured its population dynamics, as well as visitation rates and fruit set at increasing distances from the nesting stations. Honeybees were 10 times more abundant than O. cornuta. However, the best models relating fruit set and bee visitation included only O. cornuta visitation, which explained 41% and 40% of the initial and final fruit set. Distance from the nesting stations explained 27.7% and 22.1% of the variability in initial and final fruit set. Of the 198 females released, 99 (54.4%) established and produced an average of 9.15 cells. Female population growth was 1.28. By comparing our results with those of previous O. cornuta studies we identify two important populational bottlenecks (female establishment and male-biased progeny sex ratios). Our study demonstrates that even a small population of a highly effective pollinator may have a significant impact on fruit set. Our results are encouraging for the use of Osmia managed populations and for the implementation of measures to promote wild pollinators in agricultural environments. 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