b3feaa9217f81b062b657448bd9cb3e7 pmc_33498627.pdf cfea3b7c8be4a300dbbce2db1389905a623f0d3a pmc_33498627.pdf 2d2477f59ac9d3c96d953b2e1a49cc59c24ce9f7e63bf85133edd0886e7d3f55 pmc_33498627.pdf Title: Topical Mucoadhesive Alginate-Based Hydrogel Loading Ketorolac for Pain Management after Pharmacotherapy, Ablation, or Surgical Removal in Condyloma Acuminata Subject: Condyloma acuminata is an infectious disease caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV) and one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. It is manifested as warts that frequently cause pain, pruritus, burning, and occasional bleeding. Treatment (physical, chemical, or surgical) can result in erosion, scars, or ulcers, implying inflammatory processes causing pain. In this work, a biocompatible topical hydrogel containing 2% ketorolac tromethamine was developed to manage the painful inflammatory processes occurring upon the removal of anogenital condylomas. The hydrogel was physically, mechanically, and morphologically characterized: it showed adequate characteristics for a topical formulation. Up to 73% of ketorolac in the gel can be released following a one-phase exponential model. Upon application on human skin and vaginal mucosa, ketorolac can permeate through both of these and it can be retained within both tissues, particularly on vaginal mucosa. Another advantage is that no systemic side effects should be expected after application of the gel. The hydrogel showed itself to be well tolerated in vivo when applied on humans, and it did not cause any visible irritation. Finally, ketorolac hydrogel showed 53% anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that it is a stable and suitable formulation for the treatment of inflammatory processes, such as those occurring upon chemical or surgical removal of anogenital warts. Keywords: Condyloma acuminata; ketorolac; pain management; alginate hydrogel; topical delivery; transdermal; mucosal delivery; mucoadhesive; anti-inflammatory Author: Salima El Moussaoui, Francisco Fernández-Campos, Cristina Alonso, David Limón, Lyda Halbaut, Maria Luisa Garduño-Ramirez, Ana Cristina Calpena and Mireia Mallandrich Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sat Jan 23 08:31:09 2021 CET ModDate: Sat Jan 23 08:36:33 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 20 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2801988 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IBTYZX+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GJIUMY+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 EYSTLO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ITPYSC+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 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Results and Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Physical Characterization of KT Hydrogel Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Children: Item: Title: Appearance and pH Evaluation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Optical Stability Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Morphological Studies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Swelling and Degradation Tests Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Rheological Behavior Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: In Vitro Release of Ketorolac from the Hydrogel Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Ex Vivo Permeation of Ketorolac through Human Skin and Vaginal Mucosa Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Distribution of Ketorolac within the Skin Layers Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy Evaluation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: In Vivo Tolerance Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Children: Item: Title: Materials Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Children: Item: Title: Reagents Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Tissues and Experimental Animals for Ex Vivo and In Vivo Assays Destination: 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Release of Ketorolac from the Hydrogel Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@491cc5c9 Item: Title: Ex Vivo Permeation of Ketorolac through Human Skin and Vaginal Mucosa Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@74ad1f1f Children: Item: Title: Infinite Dose Approach Ex Vivo Permeation Assay in Human Skin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6a1aab78 Item: Title: Infinite Dose Approach Ex Vivo Permeation Assay in Porcine Vaginal Mucosa Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@462d5aee Item: Title: Amount of Ketorolac Retained in the Skin and in the Vaginal Mucosa Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@69b0fd6f Item: Title: Distibution of Ketorolac within the Skin Layers Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@757942a1 Item: Title: Analysis of Ketorolac in Solution Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4a87761d Item: Title: In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy Evaluation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@66d1af89 Item: Title: In Vivo Tolerance Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@8646db9 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@37374a5e Item: Title: Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4671e53b Children: Item: Title: Mathematical Models Fitted to Drug Release Experiments Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@2db7a79b Item: Title: Permeation Parameters and Calculation of the Css upon Application of KT Hydrogel Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6950e31 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@b7dd107 Info: Title: Topical Mucoadhesive Alginate-Based Hydrogel Loading Ketorolac for Pain Management after Pharmacotherapy, Ablation, or Surgical Removal in Condyloma Acuminata Author: Salima El Moussaoui, Francisco Fernández-Campos, Cristina Alonso, David Limón, Lyda Halbaut, Maria Luisa Garduño-Ramirez, Ana Cristina Calpena and Mireia Mallandrich Subject: Condyloma acuminata is an infectious disease caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV) and one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. It is manifested as warts that frequently cause pain, pruritus, burning, and occasional bleeding. Treatment (physical, chemical, or surgical) can result in erosion, scars, or ulcers, implying inflammatory processes causing pain. In this work, a biocompatible topical hydrogel containing 2% ketorolac tromethamine was developed to manage the painful inflammatory processes occurring upon the removal of anogenital condylomas. The hydrogel was physically, mechanically, and morphologically characterized: it showed adequate characteristics for a topical formulation. Up to 73% of ketorolac in the gel can be released following a one-phase exponential model. Upon application on human skin and vaginal mucosa, ketorolac can permeate through both of these and it can be retained within both tissues, particularly on vaginal mucosa. Another advantage is that no systemic side effects should be expected after application of the gel. The hydrogel showed itself to be well tolerated in vivo when applied on humans, and it did not cause any visible irritation. Finally, ketorolac hydrogel showed 53% anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that it is a stable and suitable formulation for the treatment of inflammatory processes, such as those occurring upon chemical or surgical removal of anogenital warts. 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