0b628262e0f769978fb1de7205b3c6a9 pmc_33670508.pdf 7f3b4daafc7a016abaf3d376858a4b8f78e297e6 pmc_33670508.pdf 8671418848207ddb87915de1cee6556253235f4fd093216542aaa08fd14966ae pmc_33670508.pdf Title: Abdominothoracic Postural Tone Influences the Sensations Induced by Meal Ingestion Subject: Postprandial objective abdominal distention is frequently associated with a subjective sensation of abdominal bloating, but the relation between both complaints is unknown. While the bloating sensation has a visceral origin, abdominal distention is a behavioral somatic response, involving contraction and descent of the diaphragm with protrusion of the anterior abdominal wall. Our aim was to determine whether abdominal distention influences digestive sensations. In 16 healthy women we investigated the effect of intentional abdominal distention on experimentally induced bloating sensation (by a meal overload). Participants were first taught to produce diaphragmatic contraction and visible abdominal distention. After a meal overload, sensations of bloating (0 to 10) and digestive well-being (-5 to + 5) were measured during 30-s. maneuvers alternating diaphragmatic contraction and diaphragmatic relaxation. Compared to diaphragmatic relaxation, diaphragmatic contraction was associated with diaphragmatic descent (by 21 + 3 mm; p < 0.001), objective abdominal distension (32 + 5 mm girth increase; p = 0.001), more intense sensation of bloating (7.3 + 0.4 vs. 8.0 + 0.4 score; p = 0.010) and lower digestive well-being (-0.9 + 0.5 vs. -1.9 + 0.5 score; p = 0.028). These results indicate that somatic postural tone underlying abdominal distention worsens the perception of visceral sensations (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04691882). Keywords: meal ingestion; postprandial responses; hedonic sensations; homeostatic sensations; abdominal wall activity; abdominal distension Author: Dan M. Livovsky, Claudia Barber, Elizabeth Barba, Anna Accarino and Fernando Azpiroz Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Feb 24 15:00:21 2021 CET ModDate: Wed Feb 24 15:05:39 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 686010 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FGUDRR+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GYRSAD+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 BFKBHE+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 BLEXKF+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 JDUPKS+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 HGMNRX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 87 0 ODPCEP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 ODPCGA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 101 0 ODPCGC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 104 0 ODPGNJ+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 118 0 ODPCGC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 124 0 ODPCEP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 ODPCGA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 130 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:28:37 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33670508.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:04 CEST Size: 686010 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 282 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Material and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Participants Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Experimental Design Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: General Procedure Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Probe Meal Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Perception Measurements Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Ancillary Validation Study Destination: subsection.2.6 Children: Item: Title: Abdominal Girth Destination: subsubsection.2.6.1 Item: Title: Position of the Diaphragm Destination: subsubsection.2.6.2 Item: Title: Intragastric Pressure and Respiratory Rate Destination: subsubsection.2.6.3 Item: Title: Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability (Vagal Tone) Destination: subsubsection.2.6.4 Item: Title: Galvanic Skin Responses (Sympathetic Activity) Destination: subsubsection.2.6.5 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Demographics and Study Conduction Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Responses to Meal Ingestion Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Effect of Thoracoabdominal Postural Tone on Postprandial Sensations Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Effect of Thoracoabdominal Postural Tone on Physiological Parameters (Validation Study) Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Abdominothoracic Postural Tone Influences the Sensations Induced by Meal Ingestion Author: Dan M. Livovsky, Claudia Barber, Elizabeth Barba, Anna Accarino and Fernando Azpiroz Subject: Postprandial objective abdominal distention is frequently associated with a subjective sensation of abdominal bloating, but the relation between both complaints is unknown. While the bloating sensation has a visceral origin, abdominal distention is a behavioral somatic response, involving contraction and descent of the diaphragm with protrusion of the anterior abdominal wall. Our aim was to determine whether abdominal distention influences digestive sensations. In 16 healthy women we investigated the effect of intentional abdominal distention on experimentally induced bloating sensation (by a meal overload). Participants were first taught to produce diaphragmatic contraction and visible abdominal distention. After a meal overload, sensations of bloating (0 to 10) and digestive well-being (-5 to + 5) were measured during 30-s. maneuvers alternating diaphragmatic contraction and diaphragmatic relaxation. Compared to diaphragmatic relaxation, diaphragmatic contraction was associated with diaphragmatic descent (by 21 + 3 mm; p < 0.001), objective abdominal distension (32 + 5 mm girth increase; p = 0.001), more intense sensation of bloating (7.3 + 0.4 vs. 8.0 + 0.4 score; p = 0.010) and lower digestive well-being (-0.9 + 0.5 vs. -1.9 + 0.5 score; p = 0.028). These results indicate that somatic postural tone underlying abdominal distention worsens the perception of visceral sensations (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04691882). Keywords: meal ingestion; postprandial responses; hedonic sensations; homeostatic sensations; abdominal wall activity; abdominal distension Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Feb 24 15:00:21 CET 2021 ModDate: Wed Feb 24 15:05:39 CET 2021 ID: 0xab6f7b9efb8d77cb8a35d69bc9aa0340, 0xab6f7b9efb8d77cb8a35d69bc9aa0340 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: BFKBHE+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: BFKBHE+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: OVNEXW+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 22 LastChar: 22 FontDescriptor: FontName: OVNEXW+EURM10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -32, -243, 1060, 720 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: BLEXKF+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 241 FontDescriptor: FontName: BLEXKF+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: FGUDRR+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 145 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: FGUDRR+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: JDUPKS+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 6 FontDescriptor: FontName: JDUPKS+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: GYRSAD+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 39 LastChar: 151 FontDescriptor: FontName: GYRSAD+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 759, 169, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 759, 560, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 127, 659, 138, 673 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 301, 659, 312, 673 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 507, 659, 518, 673 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 51, 358, 154, 367 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 348, 73, 355 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 162, 97, 184 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 153, 89, 154, 98 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 77, 147, 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 216, 210, 223, 219 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 282, 198, 289, 207 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 548, 160, 555, 169 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 148, 278, 156 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 373, 147, 380, 156 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 504, 122, 511, 131 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 511, 122, 518, 131 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 333, 72, 340, 81 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 117, 17, 251, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 402, 17, 558, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 435, 87, 454 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 354, 724, 361, 733 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 364, 724, 376, 733 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 699, 556, 708 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 501, 674, 513, 683 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 516, 674, 528, 683 ActionDest: 140 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 389, 433, 401, 442 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 426, 332, 438, 341 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 231, 502, 241 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 505, 231, 517, 241 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 354, 169, 361, 177 ActionDest: 137 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 202, 506, 214, 515 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 505, 229, 515 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 290, 418, 302, 427 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 305, 418, 317, 427 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 329, 491, 339 ActionDest: 140 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 410, 641, 417, 653 ActionDest: 84 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 381, 136, 388, 148 ActionDest: 108 Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 310, 163, 322, 172 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 525, 138, 537, 147 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 422, 75, 434, 84 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 434, 75, 446, 84 ActionDest: 140 Page: Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 722, 350, 731 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 396, 697, 408, 706 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 537, 634, 544, 643 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 634, 556, 643 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 408, 496, 415, 505 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 415, 496, 422, 505 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 423, 496, 435, 505 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 496, 447, 505 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 470, 459, 477, 468 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 477, 459, 489, 468 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 333, 229, 342 ActionDest: 143 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 182, 490, 192 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 183, 502, 192 ActionDest: 143 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 503, 183, 515, 192 ActionDest: 143 Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 365, 697, 372, 706 ActionDest: 137 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 373, 697, 385, 706 ActionDest: 140 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 362, 438, 373 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 317, 97, 327 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 317, 139, 327 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 441, 293, 479, 304 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 485, 293, 521, 304 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 259, 97, 270 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 259, 139, 270 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 386, 236, 424, 247 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 430, 236, 466, 247 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 363, 213, 400, 224 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 179, 97, 189 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 179, 139, 189 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 496, 155, 534, 166 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 91, 121, 128, 131 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 231, 86, 269, 97 Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 145, 710, 182, 720 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 188, 710, 224, 720 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 471, 675, 508, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 365, 652, 403, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 409, 652, 445, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 370, 629, 407, 640 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 251, 606, 288, 617 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 226, 583, 264, 594 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 326, 560, 363, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 291, 514, 327, 525 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 145, 492, 182, 502 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 292, 468, 329, 479 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 335, 468, 371, 479 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 204, 445, 241, 456 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 247, 445, 283, 456 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 376, 422, 414, 433 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 489, 399, 527, 410 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 341, 469, 352 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 520, 295, 557, 306 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 152, 262, 190, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 196, 262, 232, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 519, 249, 557, 260 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 473, 226, 511, 237 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 519, 215, 557, 226 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 204, 95, 214 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 192, 515, 203 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 224, 169, 262, 180 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 196, 146, 233, 157 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 239, 146, 275, 157 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 351, 123, 388, 134 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 89, 133, 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 359, 65, 396, 76 Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 316, 721, 353, 732 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 297, 698, 335, 709 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 341, 698, 377, 709 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 329, 675, 366, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 373, 675, 409, 686 Checksum: 53f549e1 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 0b628262e0f769978fb1de7205b3c6a9 Type: MD5 Checksum: 7f3b4daafc7a016abaf3d376858a4b8f78e297e6 Type: SHA-1 Checksum: 8671418848207ddb87915de1cee6556253235f4fd093216542aaa08fd14966ae Type: SHA-256