73d3c37aad899161ae91e406269bf4f6 pmc_33672653.pdf a7a3936764f5314d9245760b848441800c0e66c2 pmc_33672653.pdf c872606d201798fb3ec7dbf38eeeb68b0f2305b2e95ff36f914af61c37ce96bf pmc_33672653.pdf Title: Conflict between Threat Sensitivity and Sensation Seeking in the Adolescent Brain: Role of the Hippocampus, and Neurobehavioural Plasticity Induced by Pleasurable Early Enriched Experience Subject: Adolescence is characterized both by the exacerbation of the experience of anxiety, fear or threat, on one hand, and by increased reward seeking (reward sensitivity) and risk taking on the other hand. The rise of these apparently opposite processes, i.e., threat-related anxiety and reward-related sensation seeking, seems to stem from a relatively decreased top-down inhibition of amygdala and striatal circuits by regulatory systems (e.g., prefrontal cortex, hippocampus) that mature later. The present commentary article aims to discuss recent related literature and focusses on two main issues: (i) the septo-hippocampal system (in particular the ventral hippocampus) might be a crucial region for the regulation of approach–avoidance conflict and also for the selection of the most appropriate responses during adolescence, and (ii) developmental studies involving early-life pleasurable-enriched experience (as opposed to early-life adversity) might be a useful study paradigm in order to decipher whether neuroplasticity induced by such experiences (for example, in the hippocampus and associated circuitry) may lead to better top-down inhibition and more “balanced” adolescent responses to environmental demands. Keywords: adolescent brain; anxiety; sensation seeking; approach–avoidance conflict; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex; amygdala; nucleus accumbens; early-life pleasurable experience Author: Alberto Fernández-Teruel Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Feb 25 09:01:44 2021 CET ModDate: Thu Feb 25 09:17:10 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1017768 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- CQNDFA+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 ZFEJGE+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 WKGGMP+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 AIQCCL+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 SLUQMQ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 32 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 49 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 53 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 57 0 NJIIEE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 85 0 NJIIFG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 88 0 NJIIGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 91 0 NJIIEE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 102 0 NJIIFG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 105 0 NJIIGH+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 108 0 ASZHDD+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 115 0 YWQWLZ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 131 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:28:18 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33672653.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:05 CEST Size: 1017768 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 478 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Reward- and Threat-Processing Neural Circuits, and Regulatory Systems during Adolescence: A “Tetradic” Model to Account for Behavioural Outputs under Approach Avoidance Conflict? Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Summary of Maturational Aspects of Neural Circuits Processing Reward and Threat during Adolescence Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Shifting the Focus to “Threat Reward” Conflict Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Approach Avoidance Conflict in Adolescence: The HPC as a Comparator and Regulator within the “Tetradic” Model Destination: section.3 Item: Title: How Does Early-Life Pleasurable-Enriched Experience Influence Threat and Reward Circuitry? Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Conflict between Threat Sensitivity and Sensation Seeking in the Adolescent Brain: Role of the Hippocampus, and Neurobehavioural Plasticity Induced by Pleasurable Early Enriched Experience Author: Alberto Fernández-Teruel Subject: Adolescence is characterized both by the exacerbation of the experience of anxiety, fear or threat, on one hand, and by increased reward seeking (reward sensitivity) and risk taking on the other hand. The rise of these apparently opposite processes, i.e., threat-related anxiety and reward-related sensation seeking, seems to stem from a relatively decreased top-down inhibition of amygdala and striatal circuits by regulatory systems (e.g., prefrontal cortex, hippocampus) that mature later. The present commentary article aims to discuss recent related literature and focusses on two main issues: (i) the septo-hippocampal system (in particular the ventral hippocampus) might be a crucial region for the regulation of approach avoidance conflict and also for the selection of the most appropriate responses during adolescence, and (ii) developmental studies involving early-life pleasurable-enriched experience (as opposed to early-life adversity) might be a useful study paradigm in order to decipher whether neuroplasticity induced by such experiences (for example, in the hippocampus and associated circuitry) may lead to better top-down inhibition and more “balanced” adolescent responses to environmental demands. Keywords: adolescent brain; anxiety; sensation seeking; approach avoidance conflict; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex; amygdala; nucleus accumbens; early-life pleasurable experience Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Feb 25 09:01:44 CET 2021 ModDate: Thu Feb 25 09:17:10 CET 2021 ID: 0x407f316500068e384ef275a271f188e7, 0x407f316500068e384ef275a271f188e7 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: WKGGMP+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: WKGGMP+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: ASZHDD+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 33 LastChar: 33 FontDescriptor: FontName: ASZHDD+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: YWQWLZ+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 129 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: YWQWLZ+VnURWPalladioL Flags: 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