7515da3bee26a739b92dc732c2f2171d pmc_33799960.pdf f774acfb84b38070e52a0483a8069107a0b99045 pmc_33799960.pdf 566d80b24fa3524ab60d5e68abb3b1cf75008144d0b25230f612af91867f39aa pmc_33799960.pdf Title: Effect of Aging, Gender and Sensory Stimulation of TRPV1 Receptors with Capsaicin on Spontaneous Swallowing Frequency in Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Proof-of-Concept Study Subject: Spontaneous swallowing contributes to airway protection and depends on the activation of brainstem reflex circuits in the central pattern generator (CPG). We studied the effect of age and gender on spontaneous swallowing frequency (SSF) in healthy volunteers and assessed basal SSF and TRPV1 stimulation effect on SSF in patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The effect of age and gender on SSF was examined on 141 healthy adult volunteers (HV) divided into three groups: GI—18–39 yr, GII—40–59 yr, and GIII—>60 yr. OD was assessed by the Volume–Viscosity Swallowing Test (VVST). The effect of sensory stimulation with capsaicin 10-5 M (TRPV1 agonist) was evaluated in 17 patients with post-stroke OD, using the SSF. SSF was recorded in all participants during 10 min using surface electromyography (sEMG) of the suprahyoid muscles and an omnidirectional accelerometer placed over the cricothyroid cartilage. SSF was significantly reduced in GII (0.73 0.50 swallows/min; p = 0.0385) and GIII (0.50 0.31 swallows/min; p < 0.0001) compared to GI (1.03 0.62 swallows/min), and there was a moderate significant correlation between age and SFF (r = -0.3810; p < 0.0001). No effect of gender on SSF was observed. Capsaicin caused a strong and significant increase in SSF after the TRPV1 stimulation when comparing to basal condition (pre-capsaicin: 0.41 0.32 swallows/min vs post-capsaicin: 0.81 0.51 swallow/min; p = 0.0003). OD in patients with post-stroke OD and acute stimulation with TRPV1 agonists caused a significant increase in SSF, further suggesting the potential role of pharmacological stimulation of sensory pathways as a therapeutic strategy for CPG activation in patients with OD. Keywords: disorders; spontaneous swallowing frequency; capsaicin; TRPV Cation Channels; stroke; aging Author: Weslania Nascimento, Noemí Tomsen, Saray Acedo, Cristina Campos-Alcantara, Christopher Cabib, Marta Alvarez-Larruy and Pere Clavé Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Mar 8 03:20:59 2021 CET ModDate: Mon Mar 8 03:31:36 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1818399 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- YSPQJI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 THVEGP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 SIVHCV+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 RQMLOO+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 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RepresentationInformation: pmc_33799960.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:22 CEST Size: 1818399 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 431 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Study Population Destination: subsection.2.1 Children: Item: Title: Healthy Volunteers Destination: subsubsection.2.1.1 Item: Title: Stroke Patients Destination: subsubsection.2.1.2 Item: Title: Experimental Design Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Volume Viscosity Swallowing Test (V-VST) Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Spontaneous Swallow Frequency Recordings (SSF) Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Intervention: Effect of Oropharyngeal Sensory Stimulation with TRPV1 Agonists Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Data Analysis and Statistical Methods Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Study Population Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Basal SSF in HV and PSD Patients Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Basal EMG Metrics Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Effect of TRPV1 Stimulation on SSF and EMG Metrics in PSD Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Effect of Aging, Gender and Sensory Stimulation of TRPV1 Receptors with Capsaicin on Spontaneous Swallowing Frequency in Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Proof-of-Concept Study Author: Weslania Nascimento, Noemí Tomsen, Saray Acedo, Cristina Campos-Alcantara, Christopher Cabib, Marta Alvarez-Larruy and Pere Clavé Subject: Spontaneous swallowing contributes to airway protection and depends on the activation of brainstem reflex circuits in the central pattern generator (CPG). We studied the effect of age and gender on spontaneous swallowing frequency (SSF) in healthy volunteers and assessed basal SSF and TRPV1 stimulation effect on SSF in patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The effect of age and gender on SSF was examined on 141 healthy adult volunteers (HV) divided into three groups: GI 18 39 yr, GII 40 59 yr, and GIII >60 yr. OD was assessed by the Volume Viscosity Swallowing Test (VVST). The effect of sensory stimulation with capsaicin 10-5 M (TRPV1 agonist) was evaluated in 17 patients with post-stroke OD, using the SSF. SSF was recorded in all participants during 10 min using surface electromyography (sEMG) of the suprahyoid muscles and an omnidirectional accelerometer placed over the cricothyroid cartilage. SSF was significantly reduced in GII (0.73 0.50 swallows/min; p = 0.0385) and GIII (0.50 0.31 swallows/min; p < 0.0001) compared to GI (1.03 0.62 swallows/min), and there was a moderate significant correlation between age and SFF (r = -0.3810; p < 0.0001). No effect of gender on SSF was observed. Capsaicin caused a strong and significant increase in SSF after the TRPV1 stimulation when comparing to basal condition (pre-capsaicin: 0.41 0.32 swallows/min vs post-capsaicin: 0.81 0.51 swallow/min; p = 0.0003). OD in patients with post-stroke OD and acute stimulation with TRPV1 agonists caused a significant increase in SSF, further suggesting the potential role of pharmacological stimulation of sensory pathways as a therapeutic strategy for CPG activation in patients with OD. 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