474b1313fc3e98de4fcf602cf3192eab pmc_33801924.pdf c45d1c19a9e37713fe59b91e280fefea5db35557 pmc_33801924.pdf 3d814d4217d8297646d2037958152b1e4128534ba5143e0a879c90037a88837b pmc_33801924.pdf Title: Gastrointestinal Contributions to the Postprandial Experience Subject: Food ingestion induces homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) with a hedonic dimension (satisfaction, changes in mood) that characterize the postprandial experience. Both types of sensation are secondary to intraluminal stimuli produced by the food itself, as well as to the activity of the digestive tract. Postprandial sensations also depend on the nutrient composition of the meal and on colonic fermentation of non-absorbed residues. Gastrointestinal function and the sensitivity of the digestive tract, i.e., perception of gut stimuli, are determined by inherent individual factors, e.g., sex, and can be modulated by different conditioning mechanisms. This narrative review examines the factors that determine perception of digestive stimuli and the postprandial experience. Keywords: food ingestion; digestion; satiety; digestive well-being; functional gastrointestinal disorders; postprandial symptoms; homeostatic sensations; hedonic sensations Author: Dan M. Livovsky and Fernando Azpiroz Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.18 CreationDate: Wed Mar 17 13:21:12 2021 CET ModDate: Wed Mar 17 13:25:20 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1081802 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ARIQJE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 FHPCLZ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 HXSZGF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 CAEQDL+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 HGMNRX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 32 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 54 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 PKAPDP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 81 0 PKAPEB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 84 0 PKAPED+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 87 0 AOPHAZ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 109 0 PKAPDP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 120 0 PKAPEB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 123 0 PKAPED+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 126 0 PKAPDP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 143 0 PKAPEB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 146 0 PKAPED+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 149 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:25:23 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33801924.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:25 CEST Size: 1081802 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 480 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Meal Ingestion and Digestive Sensations Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Gastrointestinal Responses to Meal Ingestion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Digestive Function Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Somatic Responses to Meal Ingestion Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Gastrointestinal Sensitivity Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Composition of the Meal Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Absorbable Meal Components Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Non-Absorbable Meal Residues, Colonic Content and Microbiota Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Conditioning Factors Destination: section.5 Children: Item: Title: Meal Palatability Destination: subsection.5.1 Item: Title: Physiological Status Destination: subsection.5.2 Item: Title: Cognitive/Emotive Conditioning Destination: subsection.5.3 Item: Title: Other Factors Inherent to the Individual Destination: section.6 Children: Item: Title: Effect of Sex Destination: subsection.6.1 Item: Title: Functional Gut Disorders Destination: subsection.6.2 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.7 Item: Title: References Destination: section.7 Info: Title: Gastrointestinal Contributions to the Postprandial Experience Author: Dan M. Livovsky and Fernando Azpiroz Subject: Food ingestion induces homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) with a hedonic dimension (satisfaction, changes in mood) that characterize the postprandial experience. Both types of sensation are secondary to intraluminal stimuli produced by the food itself, as well as to the activity of the digestive tract. Postprandial sensations also depend on the nutrient composition of the meal and on colonic fermentation of non-absorbed residues. Gastrointestinal function and the sensitivity of the digestive tract, i.e., perception of gut stimuli, are determined by inherent individual factors, e.g., sex, and can be modulated by different conditioning mechanisms. This narrative review examines the factors that determine perception of digestive stimuli and the postprandial experience. 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