563fc0a01d10fd84551b3a9612aafbfa pmc_33809437.pdf 481b262d76efb55e7ec87d4cc9eeeaa1677708dd pmc_33809437.pdf 63bc1cc4859af01816bab400117ea60ff57628a1876652fe32f70ee919a0b595 pmc_33809437.pdf Title: Metabolome-Wide, Phylogenetically Controlled Comparison Indicates Higher Phenolic Diversity in Tropical Tree Species Subject: Tropical plants are expected to have a higher variety of defensive traits, such as a more diverse array of secondary metabolic compounds in response to greater pressures of antagonistic interactions, than their temperate counterparts. We test this hypothesis using advanced metabolomics linked to a novel stoichiometric compound classification to analyze the complete foliar metabolomes of four tropical and four temperate tree species, which were selected so that each subset contained the same amount of phylogenetic diversity and evenness. We then built Bayesian phylogenetic multilevel models to test for tropical–temperate differences in metabolite diversity for the entire metabolome and for four major families of secondary compounds. We found strong evidence supporting that the leaves of tropical tree species have a higher phenolic diversity. The functionally closer group of polyphenolics also showed moderate evidence of higher diversity in tropical species, but there were no differences either for the entire metabolome or for the other major families of compounds analyzed. This supports the interpretation that this tropical–temperate contrast must be related to the functional role of phenolics and polyphenolics. Keywords: antagonistic interactions; bayesian phylogenetic models; latitudinal biodiversity gradient; metabolomics; phenolics; plant defense Author: Guille Peguero, Albert Gargallo-Garriga, Joan Maspons, Karel Klem, Otmar Urban, Jordi Sardans and Josep Peñuelas Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Mar 16 08:42:55 2021 CET ModDate: Tue Mar 16 08:50:50 2021 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 9 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1666617 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JGLGGL+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 THXNDM+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 CBTQXO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ISKFXK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 VTLKDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 33 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 63 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 67 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 71 0 JYUNWZ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 83 0 JHYTSG+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 90 0 QQXUPP+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 94 0 NCDBAO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 107 0 NCDBCA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 110 0 NCDBCC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 113 0 NCDBAO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 120 0 NCDBCA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 123 0 NCDBCC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 126 0 NCDBAO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 137 0 NCDBCA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 140 0 NCDBCC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 143 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:24:08 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33809437.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:35 CEST Size: 1666617 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 312 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Material and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Species Selection and Sample Processing Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Data Analysis Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.4 Info: Title: Metabolome-Wide, Phylogenetically Controlled Comparison Indicates Higher Phenolic Diversity in Tropical Tree Species Author: Guille Peguero, Albert Gargallo-Garriga, Joan Maspons, Karel Klem, Otmar Urban, Jordi Sardans and Josep Peñuelas Subject: Tropical plants are expected to have a higher variety of defensive traits, such as a more diverse array of secondary metabolic compounds in response to greater pressures of antagonistic interactions, than their temperate counterparts. We test this hypothesis using advanced metabolomics linked to a novel stoichiometric compound classification to analyze the complete foliar metabolomes of four tropical and four temperate tree species, which were selected so that each subset contained the same amount of phylogenetic diversity and evenness. We then built Bayesian phylogenetic multilevel models to test for tropical temperate differences in metabolite diversity for the entire metabolome and for four major families of secondary compounds. We found strong evidence supporting that the leaves of tropical tree species have a higher phenolic diversity. The functionally closer group of polyphenolics also showed moderate evidence of higher diversity in tropical species, but there were no differences either for the entire metabolome or for the other major families of compounds analyzed. This supports the interpretation that this tropical temperate contrast must be related to the functional role of phenolics and polyphenolics. 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