2e30d368d536f74519918ef72ee2ab74 pmc_33919901.pdf bf2945d4c4caeecd9c7f4e7bc46ccddaff7884ef pmc_33919901.pdf 6e2776e0647b119b27b63859a3297a623114795e7a7a8e66dbd7c5b081c0793d pmc_33919901.pdf Title: Effect of Intrauterine Infusion of Equine Fresh Platelets-Rich Plasma (PRP) or Lyophilized PRP (L-GFequina) on Ovarian Activity and Pregnancy Rate in Repeat Breeder Purebred Arabian Mares Subject: This study was designed to examine the effect of the intrauterine infusion of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or equine lyophilized growth factor (L-GFequina) on the follicular growth, endometrial thickness, estrus cycle length, and pregnancy rate in purebred Arabian mares. A total of 73 purebred Arabian mares who experienced repeat breeding for three successive cycles were randomly divided into the following three groups: control group, without treatment; second Group (PRP group), in which mares were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of fresh PRP on the second day after the end of physic estrus phase; and the third group (L-GFequina Group), consisting of mares that were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of reconstituted lyophilized horse platelets growth factors (L-GFequina) on the second day after the estrus phase. The results showed no significant difference between control and treated groups in the diameter of the preovulatory follicles during the post treatment cycle. The endometrium thickness increased significantly in the L-GFequina and PRP groups ahead of the non-treated group. Intrauterine L-GFequina or PRP administration shortened the estrus cycle length. A higher pregnancy rate was recorded in the L-GFequina and PRP treated mares. In conclusion, the intrauterine infusion of L-GFequina or PRP increased the endometrial thickness and pregnancy rate and could be used to improve fertility in Arabian purebred mares who experienced from repeat breeding. Keywords: L-GFequina; fertility; Arabian mares; estrus cycle length; pregnancy rate Author: Ahmed Dawod, Jordi Miro, Hamed T. Elbaz, Hossam Fahmy and Ahmed S. Abdoon Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Apr 15 05:43:44 2021 CEST ModDate: Thu Apr 15 05:53:31 2021 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 8 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 951547 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FUYRSB+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 DXJVEE+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 TTCGJK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 IXLVLQ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 23 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 31 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 53 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 57 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 61 0 ZXDKIP+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 76 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 89 0 KNLZHK+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 105 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2021-09-11 03:25:48 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33919901.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2021-05-03 03:48:39 CEST Size: 951547 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 240 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Animals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Preparation of PRP Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Lyopholoized L-GFequina Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Assignment of Groups and Protocol of Administration Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Mating and Pregnancy Diagnosis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Info: Title: Effect of Intrauterine Infusion of Equine Fresh Platelets-Rich Plasma (PRP) or Lyophilized PRP (L-GFequina) on Ovarian Activity and Pregnancy Rate in Repeat Breeder Purebred Arabian Mares Author: Ahmed Dawod, Jordi Miro, Hamed T. Elbaz, Hossam Fahmy and Ahmed S. Abdoon Subject: This study was designed to examine the effect of the intrauterine infusion of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or equine lyophilized growth factor (L-GFequina) on the follicular growth, endometrial thickness, estrus cycle length, and pregnancy rate in purebred Arabian mares. A total of 73 purebred Arabian mares who experienced repeat breeding for three successive cycles were randomly divided into the following three groups: control group, without treatment; second Group (PRP group), in which mares were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of fresh PRP on the second day after the end of physic estrus phase; and the third group (L-GFequina Group), consisting of mares that were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of reconstituted lyophilized horse platelets growth factors (L-GFequina) on the second day after the estrus phase. The results showed no significant difference between control and treated groups in the diameter of the preovulatory follicles during the post treatment cycle. The endometrium thickness increased significantly in the L-GFequina and PRP groups ahead of the non-treated group. Intrauterine L-GFequina or PRP administration shortened the estrus cycle length. A higher pregnancy rate was recorded in the L-GFequina and PRP treated mares. In conclusion, the intrauterine infusion of L-GFequina or PRP increased the endometrial thickness and pregnancy rate and could be used to improve fertility in Arabian purebred mares who experienced from repeat breeding. Keywords: L-GFequina; fertility; Arabian mares; estrus cycle length; pregnancy rate Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Apr 15 05:43:44 CEST 2021 ModDate: Thu Apr 15 05:53:31 CEST 2021 ID: 0x457d7d0c12a595f2c61af162372083be, 0x457d7d0c12a595f2c61af162372083be Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: TTCGJK+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 246 FontDescriptor: FontName: TTCGJK+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: IXLVLQ+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 14 FontDescriptor: FontName: IXLVLQ+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal FontSubset: true FirstChar: 112 LastChar: 112 FontDescriptor: FontName: WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -300, 1073, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: KNLZHK+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 189 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: KNLZHK+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: FUYRSB+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 38 LastChar: 150 FontDescriptor: FontName: FUYRSB+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: ZXDKIP+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 22 FontDescriptor: FontName: ZXDKIP+EURM10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -32, -243, 1060, 720 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: DXJVEE+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: DXJVEE+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 759, 165, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 759, 560, 795 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 110, 621, 121, 635 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 621, 197, 635 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 279, 621, 290, 635 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 131, 359, 154, 367 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 346, 153, 355 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 162, 97, 184 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 153, 89, 154, 98 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 77, 147, 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 116, 17, 251, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 407, 17, 558, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 35, 458, 87, 477 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 454, 671, 461, 680 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 259, 596, 266, 605 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 558, 556, 567 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 540, 520, 547, 529 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 415, 495, 422, 504 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 423, 495, 430, 504 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 224, 482, 231, 492 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 471, 483, 478, 492 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 478, 482, 485, 492 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 483, 470, 490, 479 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 204, 445, 216, 454 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 445, 229, 454 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 319, 432, 331, 441 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 389, 420, 401, 429 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 292, 382, 304, 391 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 382, 316, 391 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 390, 332, 402, 341 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 468, 307, 480, 316 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 331, 282, 343, 291 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 419, 257, 431, 266 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 201, 131, 213, 140 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 214, 131, 226, 140 ActionDest: 102 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 523, 429, 535, 438 ActionDest: 102 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 240, 735, 252, 744 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 506, 313, 518 ActionDest: 80 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 499, 240, 506, 252 ActionDest: 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 285, 89, 292, 101 ActionDest: 86 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 212, 386, 219, 398 ActionDest: 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 440, 162, 452, 171 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 277, 150, 288, 159 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 137, 412, 146 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 330, 112, 342, 121 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 112, 355, 121 ActionDest: 102 Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 710, 423, 719 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 333, 685, 344, 694 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 236, 672, 248, 681 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 647, 373, 656 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 527, 496, 539, 505 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 204, 459, 216, 468 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 207, 433, 219, 443 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 380, 408, 392, 417 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 282, 320, 294, 330 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 460, 295, 472, 304 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 281, 258, 293, 267 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 248, 220, 260, 229 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 260, 220, 272, 229 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 234, 195, 246, 204 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 246, 195, 258, 204 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 388, 170, 400, 179 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 439, 132, 451, 141 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 221, 95, 233, 104 ActionDest: 102 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 269, 82, 281, 91 ActionDest: 102 Page: Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 485, 364, 522, 375 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 109, 331, 146, 341 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 152, 331, 188, 341 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 375, 318, 412, 329 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 183, 295, 221, 306 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 465, 284, 502, 295 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 419, 261, 456, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 462, 261, 498, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 238, 309, 249 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 299, 215, 336, 226 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 175, 192, 213, 203 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 219, 192, 255, 203 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 471, 169, 508, 180 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 135, 132, 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 243, 111, 281, 122 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 77, 254, 88 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 261, 77, 297, 88 Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 189, 709, 226, 720 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 409, 675, 446, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 452, 675, 488, 686 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 279, 652, 316, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 322, 652, 358, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 367, 629, 405, 640 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 629, 447, 640 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 606, 473, 617 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 435, 583, 473, 594 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 583, 515, 594 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 312, 525, 350, 536 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 215, 503, 252, 513 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 344, 445, 382, 456 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 388, 445, 424, 456 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 411, 97, 421 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 263, 387, 301, 398 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 275, 353, 312, 364 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 319, 133, 329 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 139, 319, 175, 329 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 336, 295, 373, 306 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 302, 261, 340, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 346, 261, 382, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 238, 469, 249 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 475, 238, 511, 249 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 245, 215, 282, 226 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 154, 181, 191, 191 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 370, 157, 407, 168 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 123, 97, 134 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 123, 139, 134 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 458, 100, 496, 111 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 473, 77, 511, 88 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 517, 77, 553, 88 Checksum: d65085aa Type: CRC32 Checksum: 2e30d368d536f74519918ef72ee2ab74 Type: MD5 Checksum: bf2945d4c4caeecd9c7f4e7bc46ccddaff7884ef Type: SHA-1