82a8cb8ebb9de93947876325d5d644f5 pmc_33920134.pdf 2285d64e2f73d0680e28df8c91d2127d9f3cdbea pmc_33920134.pdf 7b32dce8c4c90dc454f5501dc081f89b622d507900a110ee5ce5f045fb7c003c pmc_33920134.pdf Title: Micronutrient Deficiencies in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Subject: Patients with cirrhosis often develop malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, leading to a worse prognosis and increased mortality. Our main goal was to assess the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. This was a prospective single-center study including 125 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis (mostly of alcoholic etiology). A blood test including trace elements and vitamins was performed on admission. The main micronutrient deficiencies observed were vitamin D (in 94.5%), vitamin A (93.5%), vitamin B6 (60.8%) and zinc (85.6%). Patients in Child-Pugh class C had lower levels of vitamin A (p < 0.0001), vitamin E (p = 0.01) and zinc (p < 0.001), and higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.002) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.001) than those in Child-Pugh class A and B. Patients with a higher model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score had lower levels of vitamin A (p < 0.0001), vitamin E (p < 0.001), magnesium (p = 0.01) and zinc (p = 0.001), and higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.002) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.0001). Severe hepatic insufficiency correlated with lower levels of zinc, vitamin E and vitamin A, and higher levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin. Keywords: micronutrient deficiency; trace element deficiency; vitamin deficiency; malnutrition; decompensated cirrhosis. Author: Gemma Llibre-Nieto, Alba Lira, Mercedes Vergara, Cristina Solé, Meritxell Casas, Valentí Puig-Diví, Gemma Solé, Antonia Humanes, Laia Grau, Josep Maria Barradas, Mireia Miquel and Jordi Sánchez-Delgado Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Apr 19 04:01:20 2021 CEST ModDate: Mon Apr 19 04:05:59 2021 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 614135 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 OFOCSQ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 FQQCXW+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ZMPTZT+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 IOJCNK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 HGMNRX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 VSPIKV+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 81 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 88 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 105 0 BCDEEE+Calibri TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 113 0 DOLLBC+TimesNewRoman,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 136 0 DOLLPN+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 139 0 DOLMAO+Calibri,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 145 0 DOLHEP+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 151 0 DOLHFB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 154 0 DOLHFD+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 157 0 DOLHPB+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 160 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-10-21 02:38:26 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33920134.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:49 CEST Size: 614135 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 332 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Children: Item: Title: Study Design Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Sampling and Inclusion Criteria Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Sample Size Calculation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Data Collection and Measurements Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Definition of Deficiencies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Statistical Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Ethics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Children: Item: Title: Patient Characteristics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Micronutrient Deficiencies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Info: Title: Micronutrient Deficiencies in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Author: Gemma Llibre-Nieto, Alba Lira, Mercedes Vergara, Cristina Solé, Meritxell Casas, Valentí Puig-Diví, Gemma Solé, Antonia Humanes, Laia Grau, Josep Maria Barradas, Mireia Miquel and Jordi Sánchez-Delgado Subject: Patients with cirrhosis often develop malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, leading to a worse prognosis and increased mortality. Our main goal was to assess the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. This was a prospective single-center study including 125 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis (mostly of alcoholic etiology). A blood test including trace elements and vitamins was performed on admission. The main micronutrient deficiencies observed were vitamin D (in 94.5%), vitamin A (93.5%), vitamin B6 (60.8%) and zinc (85.6%). Patients in Child-Pugh class C had lower levels of vitamin A (p < 0.0001), vitamin E (p = 0.01) and zinc (p < 0.001), and higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.002) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.001) than those in Child-Pugh class A and B. Patients with a higher model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score had lower levels of vitamin A (p < 0.0001), vitamin E (p < 0.001), magnesium (p = 0.01) and zinc (p = 0.001), and higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.002) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.0001). Severe hepatic insufficiency correlated with lower levels of zinc, vitamin E and vitamin A, and higher levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin. Keywords: micronutrient deficiency; trace element deficiency; vitamin deficiency; malnutrition; decompensated cirrhosis. 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