02172823e5873f2e152a1b7b0e06c4d4 pmc_33921815.pdf d3a93001721ac306836c10129599e3a7694d1c43 pmc_33921815.pdf 4bd815f8a2302df05422128cc4a2cb94fc16596319691bfecbcd337a530f3080 pmc_33921815.pdf Title: Characterization of Charge States in Conducting Organic Nanoparticles by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy Subject: The metallic and semiconducting character of a large family of organic materials based on the electron donor molecule tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) is rooted in the partial oxidation (charge transfer or mixed valency) of TTF derivatives leading to partially filled molecular orbital-based electronic bands. The intrinsic structure of such complexes, with segregated donor and acceptor molecular chains or planes, leads to anisotropic electronic properties (quasi one-dimensional or two-dimensional) and morphology (needle-like or platelet-like crystals). Recently, such materials have been synthesized as nanoparticles by intentionally frustrating the intrinsic anisotropic growth. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) has emerged as a valuable technique to characterize the transfer of charge due to its ability to discriminate the different chemical environments or electronic configurations manifested by chemical shifts of core level lines in high-resolution spectra. Since the photoemission process is inherently fast (well below the femtosecond time scale), dynamic processes can be efficiently explored. We determine here the fingerprint of partial oxidation on the photoemission lines of nanoparticles of selected TTF-based conductors. Keywords: conducting nanoparticles; tetrathiafulvalene; bis(ethilenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; charge-transfer complexes; mixed-valence materials; X-ray photoemission spectroscopy; synchrotron radiation Author: Jordi Fraxedas, Antje Vollmer, Norbert Koch, Dominique de Caro, Kane Jacob, Christophe Faulmann and Lydie Valade Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Apr 20 05:30:37 2021 CEST ModDate: Tue Apr 20 05:34:53 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 16669524 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- OPZDHV+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 VVRVVL+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 ZXCHNN+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 WBATFS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 DVMQNF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 YCLMPT+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 32 0 QYZWIZ+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 36 0 YOTXCC+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 45 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 67 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 71 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 75 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:20:30 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33921815.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:50 CEST Size: 16669524 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 325 FreeObjects: 13 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Charge Transfer in Nanoparticles of TTF-TCNQ Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Electron Binding Energies of Neutral Molecules Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Mixed Valency in Nanoparticles of -(BEDT-TTF)2I3 Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.4 Info: Title: Characterization of Charge States in Conducting Organic Nanoparticles by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy Author: Jordi Fraxedas, Antje Vollmer, Norbert Koch, Dominique de Caro, Kane Jacob, Christophe Faulmann and Lydie Valade Subject: The metallic and semiconducting character of a large family of organic materials based on the electron donor molecule tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) is rooted in the partial oxidation (charge transfer or mixed valency) of TTF derivatives leading to partially filled molecular orbital-based electronic bands. The intrinsic structure of such complexes, with segregated donor and acceptor molecular chains or planes, leads to anisotropic electronic properties (quasi one-dimensional or two-dimensional) and morphology (needle-like or platelet-like crystals). Recently, such materials have been synthesized as nanoparticles by intentionally frustrating the intrinsic anisotropic growth. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) has emerged as a valuable technique to characterize the transfer of charge due to its ability to discriminate the different chemical environments or electronic configurations manifested by chemical shifts of core level lines in high-resolution spectra. Since the photoemission process is inherently fast (well below the femtosecond time scale), dynamic processes can be efficiently explored. We determine here the fingerprint of partial oxidation on the photoemission lines of nanoparticles of selected TTF-based conductors. Keywords: conducting nanoparticles; tetrathiafulvalene; bis(ethilenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; charge-transfer complexes; mixed-valence materials; X-ray photoemission spectroscopy; synchrotron radiation Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Apr 20 05:30:37 CEST 2021 ModDate: Tue Apr 20 05:34:53 CEST 2021 ID: 0xeeacfc22bf3a6f2362bbebb149efe8d3, 0xeeacfc22bf3a6f2362bbebb149efe8d3 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: YCLMPT+PazoMath-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 98 LastChar: 106 FontDescriptor: FontName: YCLMPT+PazoMath-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -70, -277, 902, 733 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: ZXCHNN+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: ZXCHNN+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: QYZWIZ+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 39 FontDescriptor: FontName: 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