3b275e241cc98831c531a567b41ae9bb pmc_33946549.pdf b5bd9ccb087a15a6e79936f6598b704c3108b8fc pmc_33946549.pdf 573bddd66781e1d81a0210631699413635db9e1604fea3bacceda8f31b294f78 pmc_33946549.pdf Title: Intestinal Parasites and Fecal Cortisol Metabolites in Multi-Unowned-Cat Environments: The Impact of Housing Conditions Subject: Housing conditions were assessed in different unowned multi-cat management models in order to evaluate their impact on the occurrence of intestinal parasites and fecal cortisol metabolite (FCM) levels. Fresh stool fecal samples were collected from rescue shelters, catteries and feline colonies for coprological analyses in order to detect intestinal parasite patency and fecal cortisol metabolites. A questionnaire provided information about the facilities, management and housing conditions of cats, including information about dog exposure, enclosure size, environment enrichment and changes to group composition. Overall, intestinal parasite infection was detected in 58.2% of fecal samples collected. The occurrence of intestinal parasites detected in free-roaming cats was 82.2%, mainly due to helminth infection. The parasite infection rate was 57.3% in rescue shelters and 34.6% in catteries. In confined cats, protozoa infection was more likely detected in rescue shelters than in catteries (RR = 2.02 (1.30–3.14), p = 0.0012). Although the FCM values were very variable between cats, the enclosure size and parasite infection were correlated with the average FCM. A small enclosure size was correlated with high fecal cortisol metabolites (p = 0.016). Protozoa-positive samples showed higher FCM levels than negative samples (p = 0.0150). High dog exposure was statistically associated with protozoa infection (p = 0.0006). The results indicated that improving housing, especially in terms of floor space and avoiding dog exposure, reduces stress and can thus be applied to make control strategies in multi-unowned-cat environments more efficient, especially when cats are confined. Keywords: cat; multi-cat environment; fecal cortisol; intestinal parasites; housing conditions Author: Xavier Blasco, Xavier Manteca, Manel López-Béjar, Anaïs Carbajal, Joaquim Castellà and Anna Ortuño Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon May 10 03:52:32 2021 CEST ModDate: Mon May 10 03:55:48 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 292655 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- KTQSRH+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 YEWWTP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 LBFIFI+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 TJHKMK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 PURWBA+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 KXDJCR+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 81 0 CAMXTK+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 85 0 QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 98 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:19:06 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_33946549.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:09:55 CEST Size: 292655 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 271 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Study Population Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Fecal Score Test and Parasitology Analyses Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Fecal Cortisol Metabolite (FCM) Detection Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Validation Test Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Sampling Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Fecal Score Test and Parasitology Analyses Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Housing Conditions and Parasite Infection Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Fecal Cortisol Metabolite Values Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: FCM and Parasite Infection Destination: subsection.3.6 Item: Title: FCM and Housing Conditions Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Questionnaire Destination: section.A. Item: Title: References Destination: specialtable.caption.5 Info: Title: Intestinal Parasites and Fecal Cortisol Metabolites in Multi-Unowned-Cat Environments: The Impact of Housing Conditions Author: Xavier Blasco, Xavier Manteca, Manel López-Béjar, Anaïs Carbajal, Joaquim Castellà and Anna Ortuño Subject: Housing conditions were assessed in different unowned multi-cat management models in order to evaluate their impact on the occurrence of intestinal parasites and fecal cortisol metabolite (FCM) levels. Fresh stool fecal samples were collected from rescue shelters, catteries and feline colonies for coprological analyses in order to detect intestinal parasite patency and fecal cortisol metabolites. A questionnaire provided information about the facilities, management and housing conditions of cats, including information about dog exposure, enclosure size, environment enrichment and changes to group composition. Overall, intestinal parasite infection was detected in 58.2% of fecal samples collected. The occurrence of intestinal parasites detected in free-roaming cats was 82.2%, mainly due to helminth infection. The parasite infection rate was 57.3% in rescue shelters and 34.6% in catteries. In confined cats, protozoa infection was more likely detected in rescue shelters than in catteries (RR = 2.02 (1.30 3.14), p = 0.0012). Although the FCM values were very variable between cats, the enclosure size and parasite infection were correlated with the average FCM. A small enclosure size was correlated with high fecal cortisol metabolites (p = 0.016). Protozoa-positive samples showed higher FCM levels than negative samples (p = 0.0150). High dog exposure was statistically associated with protozoa infection (p = 0.0006). The results indicated that improving housing, especially in terms of floor space and avoiding dog exposure, reduces stress and can thus be applied to make control strategies in multi-unowned-cat environments more efficient, especially when cats are confined. Keywords: cat; multi-cat environment; fecal cortisol; intestinal parasites; housing conditions Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon May 10 03:52:32 CEST 2021 ModDate: Mon May 10 03:55:48 CEST 2021 ID: 0x5bfccff4c5a76e8fd63089b0873a625b, 0x5bfccff4c5a76e8fd63089b0873a625b Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: KXDJCR+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 21 FontDescriptor: FontName: KXDJCR+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal FontSubset: true FirstChar: 110 LastChar: 112 FontDescriptor: FontName: QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -300, 1073, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: LBFIFI+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 241 FontDescriptor: FontName: LBFIFI+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: 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