ed60f210d4adbe928d1149e0442848f1 pmc_34201336.pdf c4aaf90b071493753868008602aabab90d1a0ab1 pmc_34201336.pdf 08840e0fd538444bfaed60708422c6bea58ce49123564b717e42b4c954b2ef51 pmc_34201336.pdf Title: Health Transparency and Communication on the Government Websites of Ibero-American Countries: The Cases of Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain Subject: Through the strategic use of health communication from their websites, government institutions can achieve greater promotion and prevent health issues for citizens, at whom such websites are aimed. Thus, the transparency of these sites is essential to favor issues such as participation, accountability, and good governance. In the present study, through content analysis, we examined how active transparency and communication in health is built through analyzing the information provided by the different administrative levels with competencies in this field (government, regions, and municipalities) from the following countries: Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. The results were projected according to a double axis of analysis. On the one hand, we offer a description of the levels of management of this phenomenon (structural characteristics and available resources). On the other hand, we developed indices based on each of the countries to compare the typologies grouped in these Ibero-American countries. As a general conclusion, the results evinced insufficient transparency in common; however, the deficit was less in countries that had a public health system. Keywords: health communication; digital communication; transparency; Ibero-America; institutional communication Author: Daniel Barredo Ibáñez, Pedro Molina Rodríguez-Navas, Narcisa Jessenia Medranda Morales and Vanessa Rodríguez Breijo Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Jun 8 15:56:36 2021 CEST ModDate: Tue Jun 8 15:58:07 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 792509 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MUSIRN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 ZVITAW+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 RJZGQU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 SSNIUI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 IYDCBB+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 LWQXII+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 39 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 61 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 65 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 69 0 GFAWRG+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 96 0 EVGGGB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 103 0 JLZORU+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 110 0 MKHHVF+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 123 0 YQXXTX+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 137 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:12:33 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_34201336.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:14:18 CEST Size: 792509 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 329 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Transparency in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Health Systems of Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Research Design Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Measurements Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Sample Destination: subsection.4.3 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.5 Children: Item: Title: Description of the Management Levels Destination: subsection.5.1 Item: Title: Associations Related to Transparency in Health Areas by Country Destination: subsection.5.2 Children: Item: Title: Transparency on Economic Indicators Destination: subsubsection.5.2.1 Item: Title: Transparency on Personnel and Recruitment Destination: subsubsection.5.2.2 Item: Title: Transparency on the Basic Functions Institutions Destination: subsubsection.5.2.3 Item: Title: Transparency on the Accessibility and Data of Institutions Destination: subsubsection.5.2.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.6 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Health Transparency and Communication on the Government Websites of Ibero-American Countries: The Cases of Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain Author: Daniel Barredo Ibáñez, Pedro Molina Rodríguez-Navas, Narcisa Jessenia Medranda Morales and Vanessa Rodríguez Breijo Subject: Through the strategic use of health communication from their websites, government institutions can achieve greater promotion and prevent health issues for citizens, at whom such websites are aimed. Thus, the transparency of these sites is essential to favor issues such as participation, accountability, and good governance. In the present study, through content analysis, we examined how active transparency and communication in health is built through analyzing the information provided by the different administrative levels with competencies in this field (government, regions, and municipalities) from the following countries: Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. The results were projected according to a double axis of analysis. On the one hand, we offer a description of the levels of management of this phenomenon (structural characteristics and available resources). On the other hand, we developed indices based on each of the countries to compare the typologies grouped in these Ibero-American countries. As a general conclusion, the results evinced insufficient transparency in common; however, the deficit was less in countries that had a public health system. 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