2347ae912e249e1c031db6ece4055bd0 pmc_34207693.pdf 55b604ec69ad383176288ba314c882004c805997 pmc_34207693.pdf 4f8d3490b4f96f316759656564734919b1e76b814f42b4c45463cd6602409c24 pmc_34207693.pdf Title: Cross-Species Comparisons of Nanoparticle Interactions with Innate Immune Systems: A Methodological Review Subject: Many components of the innate immune system are evolutionarily conserved and shared across many living organisms, from plants and invertebrates to humans. Therefore, these shared features can allow the comparative study of potentially dangerous substances, such as engineered nanoparticles (NPs). However, differences of methodology and procedure between diverse species and models make comparison of innate immune responses to NPs between organisms difficult in many cases. To this aim, this review provides an overview of suitable methods and assays that can be used to measure NP immune interactions across species in a multidisciplinary approach. The first part of this review describes the main innate immune defense characteristics of the selected models that can be associated to NPs exposure. In the second part, the different modes of exposure to NPs across models (considering isolated cells or whole organisms) and the main endpoints measured are discussed. In this synergistic perspective, we provide an overview of the current state of important cross-disciplinary immunological models to study NP-immune interactions and identify future research needs. As such, this paper could be used as a methodological reference point for future nano-immunosafety studies. Keywords: environmental models; human cells; innate immunity; markers; NPs testing Author: Benjamin J. Swartzwelter, Craig Mayall, Andi Alijagic, Francesco Barbero, Eleonora Ferrari, Szabolcs Hernadi, Sara Michelini, Natividad Isabel Navarro Pacheco, Alessandra Prinelli, Elmer Swart and Manon Auguste Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Jun 10 11:36:52 2021 CEST ModDate: Wed Jun 16 07:53:32 2021 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 32 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4429001 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- KCAKSF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 IYQOED+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 XSNUOJ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ORHUFF+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 NPLVPL+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 32 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom 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TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 292 0 BCDMEE+SegoeUISymbol CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 296 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 324 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 328 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 332 0 BCDHEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 336 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2021-09-11 03:04:59 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_34207693.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2021-07-05 03:35:14 CEST Size: 4429001 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 1112 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: General Introduction: The Need for Studying Nanoparticle Immune System Interactions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Short Description of the Innate Immune System for the Models of Interest Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Generalities and Conserved Innate Immune Traits across the Selected Models Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Model Specific Immune System Characteristics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Children: Item: Title: Plants Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Earthworms Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Isopods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Mussels Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Sea Urchins Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Human Cells Destination: 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Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Children: Item: Title: Primary Characterization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Behavior in Medium Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Models, Cell Culture and Mode of Exposure Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Children: Item: Title: Nonmammalian In Vitro Assays Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Human Cell Models Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Whole Model Exposure Experiments Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: Innate Immune Parameters of Interest Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Children: Item: Title: Whole Cell Response Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Item: Title: Phagocytic Activity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612fc6eb Item: Title: Cytotoxic Factors Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1060b431 Item: Title: Humoral Factors Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612679d6 Item: Title: Molecular Response Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@11758f2a Item: Title: Proposal for Future Cross-Species Evaluations and Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@e720b71 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1b26f7b2 Info: Title: Cross-Species Comparisons of Nanoparticle Interactions with Innate Immune Systems: A Methodological Review Author: Benjamin J. Swartzwelter, Craig Mayall, Andi Alijagic, Francesco Barbero, Eleonora Ferrari, Szabolcs Hernadi, Sara Michelini, Natividad Isabel Navarro Pacheco, Alessandra Prinelli, Elmer Swart and Manon Auguste Subject: Many components of the innate immune system are evolutionarily conserved and shared across many living organisms, from plants and invertebrates to humans. Therefore, these shared features can allow the comparative study of potentially dangerous substances, such as engineered nanoparticles (NPs). However, differences of methodology and procedure between diverse species and models make comparison of innate immune responses to NPs between organisms difficult in many cases. To this aim, this review provides an overview of suitable methods and assays that can be used to measure NP immune interactions across species in a multidisciplinary approach. The first part of this review describes the main innate immune defense characteristics of the selected models that can be associated to NPs exposure. In the second part, the different modes of exposure to NPs across models (considering isolated cells or whole organisms) and the main endpoints measured are discussed. In this synergistic perspective, we provide an overview of the current state of important cross-disciplinary immunological models to study NP-immune interactions and identify future research needs. As such, this paper could be used as a methodological reference point for future nano-immunosafety studies. 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