e9371411a90c64ecd26ef475398488a8 pmc_34359152.pdf 6ec376f6eb53c8c1f65839ef2083c510673e4b47 pmc_34359152.pdf 9ad2469d561537ba56fff29af73b645652133cda32d603569b34073601115e9b pmc_34359152.pdf Title: Effectiveness of Two Plant-Based In-Feed Additives against an Escherichia coli F4 Oral Challenge in Weaned Piglets Subject: This study evaluates the efficacy of two plant-based feed supplementations to fight colibacillosis in weanlings. A total of 96 piglets (32 pens) were assigned to four diets: a control diet (T1) or supplemented with ZnO (2500 ppm Zn) (T2) or two different plant supplements, T3 (1 kg/t; based on essential oils) and T4 (T3 + 1.5 kg/t based on non-volatile compounds). After one week, animals were challenged with ETEC F4, and 8 days after, one animal per pen was euthanized. Performance, clinical signs, microbial analysis, inflammatory response, intestinal morphology, and ileal gene expression were assessed. ZnO improved daily gains 4 days after challenge, T3 and T4 showing intermediate values (96, 249, 170, and 157 g/d for T1, T2, T3, and T4, p = 0.035). Fecal lactobacilli were higher with T3 and T4 compared to ZnO (7.55, 6.26, 8.71, and 8.27 cfu/gFM; p = 0.0007) and T3 increased the lactobacilli/coliforms ratio (p = 0.002). T4 was associated with lower levels of Pig-MAP (p = 0.07) and increases in villus/crypt ratio (1.49, 1.90, 1.73, and 1.84; p = 0.009). Moreover, T4 was associated with an upregulation of the REG3G gene (p = 0.013; pFDR = 0.228) involved in the immune response induced by enteric pathogens. In conclusion, both plant supplements enhanced animal response in front of an ETEC F4 challenge probably based on different modes of action. Keywords: phytogenics; piglets; ETEC F4; oral challenge; diarrhea; weaning; essential oils; Pig-MAP; REG3G Author: Daniel Montoya, Matilde D’Angelo, Susana M. Martín-Orúe, Agustina Rodríguez-Sorrento, Mireia Saladrigas-García, Coralie Araujo, Thibaut Chabrillat, Sylvain Kerros and Lorena Castillejos Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jul 7 12:06:07 2021 CEST ModDate: Wed Jul 7 12:09:02 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 28 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1686948 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MWRLBT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 HTSIDK+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 IXRXKL+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 HHKKUY+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 FBFALN+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 LPYGPS+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 70 0 SASESO+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 85 0 MPUDFL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 98 0 VVSYYB+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 102 0 OCXAOJ+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 143 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:08:22 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_34359152.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:14:45 CEST Size: 1686948 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 393 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Animals and Housing Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Experimental Diets Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Plant Supplements Analyses Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Bacterial Strain Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Experimental Design, Procedure, and Sampling Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Analytical Procedures Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Statistical Analyses Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Plant Extract Composition Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Animal Performance Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Intestinal Microbiota Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Clinical Signs Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Inflammatory Response Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Intestinal Morphology Destination: subsection.3.6 Item: Title: Jejunal Gene Expression Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Destination: section.A. Item: Title: References Destination: specialtable.caption.20 Info: Title: Effectiveness of Two Plant-Based In-Feed Additives against an Escherichia coli F4 Oral Challenge in Weaned Piglets Author: Daniel Montoya, Matilde D’Angelo, Susana M. Martín-Orúe, Agustina Rodríguez-Sorrento, Mireia Saladrigas-García, Coralie Araujo, Thibaut Chabrillat, Sylvain Kerros and Lorena Castillejos Subject: This study evaluates the efficacy of two plant-based feed supplementations to fight colibacillosis in weanlings. A total of 96 piglets (32 pens) were assigned to four diets: a control diet (T1) or supplemented with ZnO (2500 ppm Zn) (T2) or two different plant supplements, T3 (1 kg/t; based on essential oils) and T4 (T3 + 1.5 kg/t based on non-volatile compounds). After one week, animals were challenged with ETEC F4, and 8 days after, one animal per pen was euthanized. Performance, clinical signs, microbial analysis, inflammatory response, intestinal morphology, and ileal gene expression were assessed. ZnO improved daily gains 4 days after challenge, T3 and T4 showing intermediate values (96, 249, 170, and 157 g/d for T1, T2, T3, and T4, p = 0.035). Fecal lactobacilli were higher with T3 and T4 compared to ZnO (7.55, 6.26, 8.71, and 8.27 cfu/gFM; p = 0.0007) and T3 increased the lactobacilli/coliforms ratio (p = 0.002). T4 was associated with lower levels of Pig-MAP (p = 0.07) and increases in villus/crypt ratio (1.49, 1.90, 1.73, and 1.84; p = 0.009). Moreover, T4 was associated with an upregulation of the REG3G gene (p = 0.013; pFDR = 0.228) involved in the immune response induced by enteric pathogens. In conclusion, both plant supplements enhanced animal response in front of an ETEC F4 challenge probably based on different modes of action. Keywords: phytogenics; piglets; ETEC F4; oral challenge; diarrhea; weaning; essential oils; Pig-MAP; REG3G Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jul 07 12:06:07 CEST 2021 ModDate: Wed Jul 07 12:09:02 CEST 2021 ID: 0x6763243f74a6894d0fa99772eebd971c, 0x6763243f74a6894d0fa99772eebd971c Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: LPYGPS+VnURWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 189 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: LPYGPS+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: MPUDFL+PazoMath FontSubset: true FirstChar: 68 LastChar: 68 FontDescriptor: FontName: MPUDFL+PazoMath Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -40, -283, 878, 946 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: IXRXKL+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: IXRXKL+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true 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