68fc620705ad38254c40eb280948151d pmc_34441677.pdf 47df89da995beef72e549e1f2be2990c0b40370d pmc_34441677.pdf a9f1c9fc16705c16b2e97b241b1875232eca42be5797f6da69788be971e7d531 pmc_34441677.pdf Title: A Systematic and a Scoping Review on the Psychometrics and Clinical Utility of the Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) in the Clinical Screening and Assessment of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Subject: (1) Background: The volume-viscosity swallow test (V-VST) is a clinical tool for screening and diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Our aims were to examine the clinical utility of the V-VST against videofluoroscopy (VFS) or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallow (FEES) and to map the V-VST usage with patients at risk of OD across the years since it was described for the first time, carrying a systematic and a scoping review. (2) Methods: We performed both a systematic review (SR) including studies that look at the diagnostic test accuracy, and a scoping review (ScR) with articles published from September 2008 to May 2020. Searches were done in different databases, including PubMed and EMBASE from September 2008 until May 2020, and no language restrictions were applied. A meta-analysis was done in the SR to assess the psychometric properties of the V-VST. Quality of studies was assessed by Dutch Cochrane, QUADAS, GRADE (SR), and STROBE (ScR) criteria. The SR protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration: CRD42020136252). (3) Results: For the diagnostic accuracy SR: four studies were included. V-VST had a diagnostic sensitivity for OD of 93.17%, 81.39% specificity, and an inter-rater reliability Kappa = 0.77. Likelihood ratios (LHR) for OD were 0.08 (LHR–) and 5.01 (LHR+), and the diagnostic odds ratio for OD was 51.18. Quality of studies in SR was graded as high with low risk of bias. In the ScR: 34 studies were retrieved. They indicated that V-VST has been used internationally to assess OD’s prevalence and complications. (4) Conclusions: The V-VST has strong psychometric properties and valid endpoints for OD in different phenotypes of patients. Our results support its utility in the screening and clinical diagnosis and management of OD. Keywords: oropharyngeal dysphagia; deglutition disorders; volume-viscosity swallow test; screening; diagnosis; sensitivity; specificity; V-VST; systematic review; swallowing disorders Author: Stephanie A. Riera, Sergio Marin, Mateu Serra-Prat, Noemí Tomsen, Viridiana Arreola, Omar Ortega, Margaret Walshe and Pere Clavé Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Aug 24 10:09:49 2021 CEST ModDate: Tue Aug 24 10:17:25 2021 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 20 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1217822 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EUNBMT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GTCXQG+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 FTSMKB+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 WSKDWP+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 YSPQJI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 XBNVAE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 58 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 EILUJF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 78 0 MHLIJM+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 105 0 MHLIJO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 108 0 MHLILA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 111 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-02 03:06:16 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_34441677.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2023-03-31 12:14:55 CEST Size: 1217822 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 468 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Protocol for the SR and ScR Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Systematic Review (SR) Destination: subsection.2.2 Children: Item: Title: Search Strategy Destination: subsubsection.2.2.1 Item: Title: Selection Process Destination: subsubsection.2.2.2 Item: Title: Data Presentation, Summary Measures, and Data Analysis Destination: subsubsection.2.2.3 Item: Title: Quality Evaluation and Strength of the Evidence Destination: subsubsection.2.2.4 Item: Title: Scoping Review (ScR) Destination: subsection.2.3 Children: Item: Title: Search Strategy Destination: subsubsection.2.3.1 Item: Title: Eligibility Criteria Destination: subsubsection.2.3.2 Item: Title: Selection Process Destination: subsubsection.2.3.3 Item: Title: Data Presentation, Summary Measures, and Data Analysis Destination: subsubsection.2.3.4 Item: Title: Quality of Reporting and Strength of the Evidence Destination: subsubsection.2.3.5 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Systematic Review (SR) Destination: subsection.3.1 Children: Item: Title: Studies Included Destination: subsubsection.3.1.1 Item: Title: VST Psychometrics: Se and SP, Likelihood Ratio, and Odds Ratio Destination: subsubsection.3.1.2 Item: Title: Reliability of the V-VST Destination: subsubsection.3.1.3 Item: Title: The V-VST as a Tool for Therapeutic Recommendations on Bolus Modification Destination: subsubsection.3.1.4 Item: Title: Quality of Studies in the SR Destination: subsubsection.3.1.5 Item: Title: Scoping Review (ScR) Destination: subsection.3.2 Children: Item: Title: Studies Included Destination: subsubsection.3.2.1 Item: Title: STROBE Report on the Studies in the ScR Destination: subsubsection.3.2.2 Item: Title: Methods to Perform the V-VST in the Studies Included in the SR and the ScR Destination: subsubsection.3.2.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Systematic Review (SR) Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Scoping Review (ScR) Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Study Limitations Destination: subsection.4.3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: A Systematic and a Scoping Review on the Psychometrics and Clinical Utility of the Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) in the Clinical Screening and Assessment of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Author: Stephanie A. Riera, Sergio Marin, Mateu Serra-Prat, Noemí Tomsen, Viridiana Arreola, Omar Ortega, Margaret Walshe and Pere Clavé Subject: (1) Background: The volume-viscosity swallow test (V-VST) is a clinical tool for screening and diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Our aims were to examine the clinical utility of the V-VST against videofluoroscopy (VFS) or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallow (FEES) and to map the V-VST usage with patients at risk of OD across the years since it was described for the first time, carrying a systematic and a scoping review. (2) Methods: We performed both a systematic review (SR) including studies that look at the diagnostic test accuracy, and a scoping review (ScR) with articles published from September 2008 to May 2020. Searches were done in different databases, including PubMed and EMBASE from September 2008 until May 2020, and no language restrictions were applied. A meta-analysis was done in the SR to assess the psychometric properties of the V-VST. Quality of studies was assessed by Dutch Cochrane, QUADAS, GRADE (SR), and STROBE (ScR) criteria. The SR protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration: CRD42020136252). (3) Results: For the diagnostic accuracy SR: four studies were included. V-VST had a diagnostic sensitivity for OD of 93.17%, 81.39% specificity, and an inter-rater reliability Kappa = 0.77. Likelihood ratios (LHR) for OD were 0.08 (LHR ) and 5.01 (LHR+), and the diagnostic odds ratio for OD was 51.18. Quality of studies in SR was graded as high with low risk of bias. In the ScR: 34 studies were retrieved. They indicated that V-VST has been used internationally to assess OD’s prevalence and complications. (4) Conclusions: The V-VST has strong psychometric properties and valid endpoints for OD in different phenotypes of patients. Our results support its utility in the screening and clinical diagnosis and management of OD. Keywords: oropharyngeal dysphagia; deglutition disorders; volume-viscosity swallow test; screening; diagnosis; sensitivity; specificity; V-VST; systematic review; swallowing disorders Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Aug 24 10:09:49 CEST 2021 ModDate: Tue Aug 24 10:17:25 CEST 2021 ID: 0xc1878af265d44d25ab9feba3a75134a7, 0xc1878af265d44d25ab9feba3a75134a7 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: FTSMKB+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: FTSMKB+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: WSKDWP+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 248 FontDescriptor: FontName: WSKDWP+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: EUNBMT+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 129 LastChar: 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