f3a75e8119618ea7b51d10df7e35b729 Evolutionary_Rates_in_the_Haptophyta.pdf bdf8c2bfbdf7bb6db046ec39ad2fa74daf8e21c2 Evolutionary_Rates_in_the_Haptophyta.pdf 7c4d8e560709475c20d7d88e16e0da3cb51668b211f87bf894791aa45079e672 Evolutionary_Rates_in_the_Haptophyta.pdf Title: Evolutionary Rates in the Haptophyta: Exploring Molecular and Phenotypic Diversity Subject: Haptophytes are photosynthetic protists found in both freshwater and marine environments with an origin possibly dating back to the Neoproterozoic era. The most recent molecular phylogeny reveals several haptophyte “mystery clades” that await morphological verification, but it is otherwise highly consistent with morphology-based phylogenies, including that of the coccolithophores (calcifying haptophytes). The fossil coccolith record offers unique insights into extinct lineages, including the adaptive radiations that produced extant descendant species. By combining molecular data of extant coccolithophores and phenotype-based studies of their ancestral lineages, it has become possible to probe the modes and rates of speciation in more detail, although this approach is still limited to only few taxa because of the lack of whole-genome datasets. The evolution of calcification likely involved several steps, but its origin can be traced back to an early association with organic scales typical for all haptophytes. Other key haptophyte traits, including the haplo-diplontic life cycle, are herein mapped upon the coccolithophorid phylogeny to help navigate a discussion of their ecological benefits and trade-offs in a rapidly changing ocean. Keywords: phytoplankton; haptophytes; coccolithophores; molecular phylogeny; coccoliths; marine fossil record; adaptive evolution; functional traits; haplo-diplontic life cycle Author: Jorijntje Henderiks, Daniela Sturm, Luka Šupraha and Gerald Langer Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Jun 10 07:48:48 2022 CEST ModDate: Fri Jun 10 11:54:43 2022 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 29 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 8885920 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ZHOANP+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 VZQKRM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 DCFKHH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 FYLHFT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 XDWKKK+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 42 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 45 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 67 0 SDEUHD+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 98 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-12-21 02:43:59 CET RepresentationInformation: Evolutionary_Rates_in_the_Haptophyta.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-12-14 08:46:57 CET Size: 8885920 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 729 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Molecular Diversity and Phylogeny of the Haptophyta Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Haptophytes in Brief: Main Phylogenetic Clades Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Molecular Phylogeny: Consistent Groupings and Hidden Surprises Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Molecular Clock Estimates Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: The Fossil Record of Coccolithophores Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Telling Time: The Dates of Ancient History Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: The Fossil Lineages of Extant Clades Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: The Adaptive Radiations That Established Modern Clades Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Modes of Speciation in Coccolithophores Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Origins and Evolutionary History of Key Haptophyte Traits Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: The Origin and Evolution of Calcification in Haptophytes Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Functional Morphology: Exploring the Traitscape of Coccolithophores Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Evolutionary Benefits of the Haplo-Diplontic Life Cycle Destination: section.5 Children: Item: Title: What Is the Haplo-Diplontic Life Cycle Good for? Destination: subsection.5.1 Item: Title: How Do Coccolithophores Live Their Haplo-Diplontic Lifestyle? Destination: subsection.5.2 Item: Title: Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction Destination: subsection.5.3 Item: Title: Outlook Destination: section.6 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Evolutionary Rates in the Haptophyta: Exploring Molecular and Phenotypic Diversity Author: Jorijntje Henderiks, Daniela Sturm, Luka Šupraha and Gerald Langer Subject: Haptophytes are photosynthetic protists found in both freshwater and marine environments with an origin possibly dating back to the Neoproterozoic era. The most recent molecular phylogeny reveals several haptophyte “mystery clades” that await morphological verification, but it is otherwise highly consistent with morphology-based phylogenies, including that of the coccolithophores (calcifying haptophytes). The fossil coccolith record offers unique insights into extinct lineages, including the adaptive radiations that produced extant descendant species. By combining molecular data of extant coccolithophores and phenotype-based studies of their ancestral lineages, it has become possible to probe the modes and rates of speciation in more detail, although this approach is still limited to only few taxa because of the lack of whole-genome datasets. The evolution of calcification likely involved several steps, but its origin can be traced back to an early association with organic scales typical for all haptophytes. Other key haptophyte traits, including the haplo-diplontic life cycle, are herein mapped upon the coccolithophorid phylogeny to help navigate a discussion of their ecological benefits and trade-offs in a rapidly changing ocean. 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