f54018a9a9204b79693e98a40a07d639 horticulturae_08_00771_v2.pdf 2ecd2c8524c60cdd28c75a1c7c94daf2c4883f23 horticulturae_08_00771_v2.pdf d99dc294484834cf006593f0fa2d9c8b66ced76ea0b702e94c7921a8fe55883d horticulturae_08_00771_v2.pdf Title: Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) Subject: The metabolism of a building can be connected to a rooftop greenhouse, exchanging energy, water and CO2 flows, therefore reducing emissions and recycling cultivation inputs. However, integrating a rooftop greenhouse onto a building requires the application of stringent safety codes (e.g., fire, seismic codes), to strengthen and secure the structure with safety elements such as thick steel pillars or fireproof covering materials. These elements can shade the vegetation or reduce solar radiation entering the rooftop greenhouse. Nevertheless, application of additional LED light can help to overcome this constraint. The present study evaluated supplemental LED light application in an integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG) at the ICTA-UAB research institute, located in Barcelona (Spain), for tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Siranzo). The experiment explored the effects of three LED lighting treatments and a control cultivated under natural light only (CK). Applied treatments, added to natural sunlight, were: red and blue (RB), red and blue + far-red (FR) for the whole day, and red and blue + far-red at the end-of-day (EOD), each for 16 h d-1 (8 a.m.–12 a.m.) with an intensity of 170 mol m-2 s-1. The results indicate that LED light increased the overall yield by 17% compared with CK plants. In particular, CK tomatoes were 9.3% lighter and 7.2% fewer as compared with tomatoes grown under LED treatments. Fruit ripening was also affected, with an increase of 35% red proximal fruit in LED-treated plants. In conclusion, LED light seems to positively affect the development and growth of tomatoes in building integrated agriculture in the Mediterranean area. Keywords: light emitting diode; rooftop greenhouse; building-integrated agriculture; Solanum lycopersicum; chilling injury Author: Elisa Appolloni, Ivan Paucek, Giuseppina Pennisi, Gaia Stringari, Xavier Gabarrell Durany, Francesco Orsini and Giorgio Gianquinto Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Aug 30 03:43:46 2022 CEST ModDate: Tue Aug 30 04:40:18 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1677418 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- PTVOAX+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 10 0 AFFYLT+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 14 0 UUBVKT+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 KSLJVW+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 COGLGI+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 27 0 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GGMALC+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 159 0 GGMALD+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 162 0 GGMHBM+PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 165 0 GGMACA+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 172 0 GGMAEA+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 178 0 GGMAJP+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 184 0 GGMAKA+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 190 0 GGMALC+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 193 0 GGMALD+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 196 0 GGMACA+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 206 0 GGMAEA+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 212 0 GGMAJP+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 218 0 GGMAKA+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 224 0 GGMALC+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 227 0 GGMALD+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 230 0 GGMACA+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 240 0 GGMAEA+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 246 0 GGMAJP+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 252 0 GGMAKA+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 258 0 GGMALC+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 261 0 GGMALD+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 264 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-09-16 02:28:39 CEST RepresentationInformation: horticulturae_08_00771_v2.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-09-14 01:34:23 CEST Size: 1677418 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 457 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4923ab24 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: Plants Growing Conditions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Light Treatment and Experimental Design Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Plant Vegetative, Physiological and Biochemical Measurements Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Fruit Development and Yield Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Fruit Quality and Biochemical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Fruit Qualitative Evaluation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Lycopene and -Carotene Content Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Total Polyphenols and Total Antioxidant Capacity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Chilling Injury Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Energy Cost Assessment Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Info: Title: Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) Author: Elisa Appolloni, Ivan Paucek, Giuseppina Pennisi, Gaia Stringari, Xavier Gabarrell Durany, Francesco Orsini and Giorgio Gianquinto Subject: The metabolism of a building can be connected to a rooftop greenhouse, exchanging energy, water and CO2 flows, therefore reducing emissions and recycling cultivation inputs. However, integrating a rooftop greenhouse onto a building requires the application of stringent safety codes (e.g., fire, seismic codes), to strengthen and secure the structure with safety elements such as thick steel pillars or fireproof covering materials. These elements can shade the vegetation or reduce solar radiation entering the rooftop greenhouse. Nevertheless, application of additional LED light can help to overcome this constraint. The present study evaluated supplemental LED light application in an integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG) at the ICTA-UAB research institute, located in Barcelona (Spain), for tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Siranzo). The experiment explored the effects of three LED lighting treatments and a control cultivated under natural light only (CK). Applied treatments, added to natural sunlight, were: red and blue (RB), red and blue + far-red (FR) for the whole day, and red and blue + far-red at the end-of-day (EOD), each for 16 h d-1 (8 a.m. 12 a.m.) with an intensity of 170 mol m-2 s-1. The results indicate that LED light increased the overall yield by 17% compared with CK plants. In particular, CK tomatoes were 9.3% lighter and 7.2% fewer as compared with tomatoes grown under LED treatments. Fruit ripening was also affected, with an increase of 35% red proximal fruit in LED-treated plants. In conclusion, LED light seems to positively affect the development and growth of tomatoes in building integrated agriculture in the Mediterranean area. 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