da105c787f5ee0d1aa1dc22836107e5e remsen_a2021v14n1p101.pdf cd7dcb3cb4fea4e5cd09e8c0527ddeafa9e4dde2 remsen_a2021v14n1p101.pdf 699d10a088187e264f75b9aa1f5855be9f04083bb115669a74f2d9c06fa33578 remsen_a2021v14n1p101.pdf Title: Satellite-Based Monitoring of Primary Production in a Mediterranean Islet Post Black Rat Eradication Subject: Invasive rodents have a detrimental impact on terrestrial ecosystem functioning, this is often exacerbated on small islands. Rat eradication campaigns are often used to deal with this environmental perturbation given their classification as invasive species. Studies assessing the effects of rodent control at ecosystem scale are scarce and thus little is known about the subsequent functional response of vegetation subsequent to rat control. In this work, we use remote sensing to assess the effects of black rat (Rattus rattus) eradication on Mediterranean vegetation productivity in the Sa Dragonera Islet, Mallorca (Spain). Rats feed on seeds, sprouts, and leaves of woody vegetation and hence we expect primary production to increase nine years after the rodenticide campaign. The Break Detection approach for additive season and trend (BFAST method) was adopted to examine changes in vegetation density before and after the eradication campaign in Sa Dragonera Islet (Balearic Islands), using a temporal series of monthly NDVI data extracted from Landsat imagery. The same temporal trends were examined for a control zone where no rat eradication took place, in order to control for weather-driven changes. The results of this study revealed changes across the 21-year monthly NDVI time series. However, the dates, magnitude, and trend of these changes could not be explicitly attributed to the action of rats, when compared to the historical changes on the islet and the changes found to co-occur within the control zone. These finding could, perhaps, be explained by the high resilience of Mediterranean shrubs to browsing including that of rat invasion. However, the results from the study appear to show that rat damage on specific plant species, with little contribution to global NDVI values, would be overshadowed by the effects of broader environmental factors in this remote sensing approach. The results suggest that the current passive restoration scheme imposed following eradication is not sufficient for effective ecosystem restoration. Keywords: BFAST method; invasive species; Landsat Time Series; rodent eradication Author: Miguel Ibañez-Álvarez, Pol Farràs Santasusana, Juan Antonio Calleja, Carlos Rouco, Matthew Brolly, Niall G. Burnside, Elena Baraza, Jordi Bartolomé and Emmanuel Serrano Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Dec 28 02:45:48 2021 CET ModDate: Tue Dec 28 02:49:04 2021 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 18 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4267369 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- QTOFRP+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 CMHCAF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 FIEVPN+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 MKLFMP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 MKXUQA+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 44 0 ZKJPJD+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 56 0 SOSCBV+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 78 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 95 0 ALLJIC+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 98 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 104 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 107 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 120 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 123 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 126 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 141 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 144 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 147 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 161 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 164 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 167 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 181 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 184 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 187 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 201 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 204 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 207 0 CRJHCU+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 214 0 ALLJIB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 225 0 ALLJID+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 228 0 ALLJIF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 231 0 ALLNKN+CambriaMath CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 234 0 KSAKCU+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 264 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-03-11 02:25:55 CET RepresentationInformation: remsen_a2021v14n1p101.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-02-23 10:36:57 CET Size: 4267369 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 566 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: Study Area Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: NDVI Time Series Construction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: Satellite Images Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Plot Selection Procedure Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Monthly Landsat NDVI Time Series Construction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Historical Time Series Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Info: Title: Satellite-Based Monitoring of Primary Production in a Mediterranean Islet Post Black Rat Eradication Author: Miguel Ibañez-Álvarez, Pol Farràs Santasusana, Juan Antonio Calleja, Carlos Rouco, Matthew Brolly, Niall G. Burnside, Elena Baraza, Jordi Bartolomé and Emmanuel Serrano Subject: Invasive rodents have a detrimental impact on terrestrial ecosystem functioning, this is often exacerbated on small islands. Rat eradication campaigns are often used to deal with this environmental perturbation given their classification as invasive species. Studies assessing the effects of rodent control at ecosystem scale are scarce and thus little is known about the subsequent functional response of vegetation subsequent to rat control. In this work, we use remote sensing to assess the effects of black rat (Rattus rattus) eradication on Mediterranean vegetation productivity in the Sa Dragonera Islet, Mallorca (Spain). Rats feed on seeds, sprouts, and leaves of woody vegetation and hence we expect primary production to increase nine years after the rodenticide campaign. The Break Detection approach for additive season and trend (BFAST method) was adopted to examine changes in vegetation density before and after the eradication campaign in Sa Dragonera Islet (Balearic Islands), using a temporal series of monthly NDVI data extracted from Landsat imagery. The same temporal trends were examined for a control zone where no rat eradication took place, in order to control for weather-driven changes. The results of this study revealed changes across the 21-year monthly NDVI time series. However, the dates, magnitude, and trend of these changes could not be explicitly attributed to the action of rats, when compared to the historical changes on the islet and the changes found to co-occur within the control zone. These finding could, perhaps, be explained by the high resilience of Mediterranean shrubs to browsing including that of rat invasion. However, the results from the study appear to show that rat damage on specific plant species, with little contribution to global NDVI values, would be overshadowed by the effects of broader environmental factors in this remote sensing approach. The results suggest that the current passive restoration scheme imposed following eradication is not sufficient for effective ecosystem restoration. 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