aea2db2fdc543794647c7e7d16571015 biomedicines_a2022v10n5p973.pdf 2fb5855cfda27dff8748a23ebd993f5c1128a4cc biomedicines_a2022v10n5p973.pdf 2b50ebc1733883f79d58ee6f0c20b6f01f6bef3f128d081c4050458031a51c55 biomedicines_a2022v10n5p973.pdf Title: Impact of Behavioral Assessment and Re-Test as Functional Trainings That Modify Survival, Anxiety and Functional Profile (Physical Endurance and Motor Learning) of Old Male and Female 3xTg-AD Mice and NTg Mice with Normal Aging Subject: Longitudinal approaches for disease-monitoring in old animals face survival and frailty limitations, but also assessment and re-test bias on genotype and sex effects. The present work investigated these effects on 56 variables for behavior, functional profile, and biological status of male and female 3xTg-AD mice and NTg counterparts using two designs: (1) a longitudinal design: naïve 12-month-old mice re-tested four months later; and (2) a cross-sectional design: naïve 16-month-old mice compared to those re-tested. The results confirmed the impact as (1) improvement of survival (NTg rested females), variability of gait (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested and naïve females), physical endurance (3xTg-AD re-tested females), motor learning (3xTg-AD and NTg 16-month-old re-tested females), and geotaxis (3xTg-AD naïve 16-month-old males); but (2) worse anxiety (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested males), HPA axis (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested and naïve females) and sarcopenia (3xTg-AD 16-month-old naïve females). Males showed more functional correlations than females. The functional profile, biological status, and their correlation are discussed as relevant elements for AD-pathology. Therefore, repetition of behavioral batteries could be considered training by itself, with some variables sensitive to genotype, sex, and re-test. In the AD-genotype, females achieved the best performance in physical endurance and motor learning, while males showed a deterioration in most studied variables. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; aging; survival; anxious profile; functional profile; motor performance; frailty; training; gait; kyphosis Author: Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo and Lydia Giménez-Llort Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Apr 22 11:57:09 2022 CEST ModDate: Fri Apr 22 12:05:06 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 28 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 5011727 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EFNMZO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 OJHOSG+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 KWPKWK+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 SXQPWE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 CSBDNX+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 BTFGED+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 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Behavioral Assessment and Re-Test as Functional Trainings That Modify Survival, Anxiety and Functional Profile (Physical Endurance and Motor Learning) of Old Male and Female 3xTg-AD Mice and NTg Mice with Normal Aging Author: Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo and Lydia Giménez-Llort Subject: Longitudinal approaches for disease-monitoring in old animals face survival and frailty limitations, but also assessment and re-test bias on genotype and sex effects. The present work investigated these effects on 56 variables for behavior, functional profile, and biological status of male and female 3xTg-AD mice and NTg counterparts using two designs: (1) a longitudinal design: naïve 12-month-old mice re-tested four months later; and (2) a cross-sectional design: naïve 16-month-old mice compared to those re-tested. The results confirmed the impact as (1) improvement of survival (NTg rested females), variability of gait (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested and naïve females), physical endurance (3xTg-AD re-tested females), motor learning (3xTg-AD and NTg 16-month-old re-tested females), and geotaxis (3xTg-AD naïve 16-month-old males); but (2) worse anxiety (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested males), HPA axis (3xTg-AD 16-month-old re-tested and naïve females) and sarcopenia (3xTg-AD 16-month-old naïve females). Males showed more functional correlations than females. The functional profile, biological status, and their correlation are discussed as relevant elements for AD-pathology. Therefore, repetition of behavioral batteries could be considered training by itself, with some variables sensitive to genotype, sex, and re-test. In the AD-genotype, females achieved the best performance in physical endurance and motor learning, while males showed a deterioration in most studied variables. 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