2fd20ecc029b78cf0e3afdddc6129a6a energies_a2022v15n11p4077.pdf 91383d00258997afc96b8267e439e6ecdea375f7 energies_a2022v15n11p4077.pdf 683a249fec2c2b986ac4cc8c20a0f48084fdb098a08c5e1f9885939cb56bea01 energies_a2022v15n11p4077.pdf Title: A Simplified Techno-Economic Analysis for Sophorolipid Production in a Solid-State Fermentation Process Subject: Sophorolipids (SLs) are microbial biosurfactants with an important role in industry and a continuously growing market. This research addresses the use of sustainable resources as feedstock for bioproducts. Winterization oil cake (WOC) and molasses are suitable substrates for SLs via solid-state fermentation (SSF). The model proposed herein was established for annually processing 750 t of WOC and comparing three support materials: wheat straw (WS), rice husk (RH), and coconut fiber (CF). Production capacity ranged 325–414 t of SLs per year. Unit Production Cost was 5.1, 5.7, and 6.9 USD/kg SL for WS, RH, and CF production models, respectively, and was slightly lower with other substrates. Financial parameters were CAPEX 6.7 MM USD and OPEX 1.9 MM USD/y, with a NPV, IRR and payback time of 6.4 MM USD, 31% and 3.2 y, respectively. SLs recovery from the solid matrix was the major contributor to operating costs, while fermentation equipment shaped capital costs. Results show that the physical properties (bulk density, WHC) of substrates and supports define process costs beyond substrate purchase costs and process yields in SSF systems. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to model SLs production via SSF at full scale for the economic valuation of the SSF process. Keywords: solid-state fermentation; sophorolipids; waste; biosurfactant; techno-economic analysis Author: María Martínez, Alejandra Rodríguez, Teresa Gea and Xavier Font Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jun 1 12:41:03 2022 CEST ModDate: Tue Jun 7 14:02:08 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 23 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2432860 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 CIQLLF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 VKRDBG+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 THUGLH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 OMFWRJ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 QDIDFO+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 OJYQXC+CMSY10 Type 1 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SYVAVM+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 297 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-05-05 02:31:31 CEST RepresentationInformation: energies_a2022v15n11p4077.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-06-20 15:09:10 CEST Size: 2432860 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 543 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Base Scenario Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: SL Production Process Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Children: Item: Title: Material Sterilization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Fermentation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: SL Extraction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: SL Recovery Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Comparison Scenarios Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Children: Item: Title: Support Material Comparison Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Facility Investment Comparison Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Substrate Comparison Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: SL Extraction Comparison Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Fermentation Technology Comparison Scenario Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Technical Considerations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Cost Benefit Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Children: Item: Title: Cost Estimations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Revenue Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Profitability Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Equipment Selection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Sensitivity Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Children: Item: Title: Mass Balance Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: Overall Financial Performance Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Item: Title: Financial Comparison for SL Production with Different Support Materials Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612fc6eb Item: Title: Financial Comparison for SL Production from Different Substrates Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1060b431 Item: Title: Financial Comparison for SL Production from Different Fermentation Technologies Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612679d6 Item: Title: General Scenarios Comparison Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@11758f2a Item: Title: Sensitivity Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@e720b71 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1b26f7b2 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@491cc5c9 Info: Title: A Simplified Techno-Economic Analysis for Sophorolipid Production in a Solid-State Fermentation Process Author: María Martínez, Alejandra Rodríguez, Teresa Gea and Xavier Font Subject: Sophorolipids (SLs) are microbial biosurfactants with an important role in industry and a continuously growing market. This research addresses the use of sustainable resources as feedstock for bioproducts. Winterization oil cake (WOC) and molasses are suitable substrates for SLs via solid-state fermentation (SSF). The model proposed herein was established for annually processing 750 t of WOC and comparing three support materials: wheat straw (WS), rice husk (RH), and coconut fiber (CF). Production capacity ranged 325 414 t of SLs per year. Unit Production Cost was 5.1, 5.7, and 6.9 USD/kg SL for WS, RH, and CF production models, respectively, and was slightly lower with other substrates. Financial parameters were CAPEX 6.7 MM USD and OPEX 1.9 MM USD/y, with a NPV, IRR and payback time of 6.4 MM USD, 31% and 3.2 y, respectively. SLs recovery from the solid matrix was the major contributor to operating costs, while fermentation equipment shaped capital costs. Results show that the physical properties (bulk density, WHC) of substrates and supports define process costs beyond substrate purchase costs and process yields in SSF systems. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to model SLs production via SSF at full scale for the economic valuation of the SSF process. Keywords: solid-state fermentation; sophorolipids; waste; biosurfactant; techno-economic analysis Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jun 01 12:41:03 CEST 2022 ModDate: Tue Jun 07 14:02:08 CEST 2022 ID: 0x30c711201accbbeb75d62458ba66919f, 0x30c711201accbbeb75d62458ba66919f Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: ZPGVCH+CMEX10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 18 LastChar: 19 FontDescriptor: FontName: ZPGVCH+CMEX10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -24, -2960, 1454, 772 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: SYVAVM+VnURWPalladioL-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 226 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: SYVAVM+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 189 LastChar: 189 FontDescriptor: FontName: WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true 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