e6b65a3ce4b2366a5cf945c9fa9562b6 FOO_a2022v11p3648.pdf 030dae29f584deb7de313ace41a6c74213c99709 FOO_a2022v11p3648.pdf 9824737c293a2ca3c2d8fedb1ec59fa3571ea5fde23be4fce8f350e69290b5a4 FOO_a2022v11p3648.pdf Title: Acid and Rennet Coagulation Properties of A2 Milk Subject: This study investigated the acid and rennet milk coagulation properties of A2 milk (-casein (CN) A2A2 genotype), in comparison to a control milk (blend of A2A1/A1A1/A2A2 genotypes). Acid and rennet coagulation were evaluated using the Optigraph® system, measuring the coagulation time, aggregation rate, and gel density or curd firmness. The acidification kinetics were monitored using a CINAC® system, evaluating the time to reach pH 4.6, the acidification rate, the maximum acidification rate, the time required to reach it, and the latency time. The water-holding capacity of acid milk gels and the potential yield, total solids, and syneresis of enzymatic gels were also evaluated. Some variables were highly influenced by the farm factor, showing the importance of the effect of extrinsic parameters. Acid and enzymatic coagulation times were not affected in either milk. The A2 milk presented higher acid gel density and latency time than the control milk. Although the differences in water-holding capacity were not statistically significant, the A2 milk presented lower values, related with the higher gel density. The A2 milk also showed higher rennet aggregation rate and curd firmness than the control milk. Potential yield and syneresis were higher in the A2 milk, which is in accordance with the higher firmness of curd. Coagulation results and gel and curd properties indicate that it is possible to manufacture acid and rennet coagulation dairy products from A2 milk with no major differences when compared with a control milk. Keywords: -casein; genetic polymorphism; A2 milk; acid and rennet coagulation Author: Bibiana Juan and Antonio-José Trujillo Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: xdvipdfmx (20200315) CreationDate: Tue Nov 15 09:05:32 2022 CET ModDate: Tue Nov 15 09:16:45 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.28 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1018441 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- BRBGMR+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 9 0 MUAWJE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 16 0 CLPABQ+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 23 0 RMQACC+VNR7 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 30 0 AFFZRB+VNR8 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 35 0 CLKQTC+EURM10 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 40 0 XBNVAE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 61 0 ERZQQD+VNR10 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 87 0 WMQXLM+CMSY10 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 92 0 ZRREQG+EURB10 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 100 0 KJPTHW+PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 111 0 KNHFUR+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 121 0 KMLOTM+CMR10 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 126 0 IDCINC+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 137 0 IDCEEG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 143 0 IDCEEH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 146 0 IDCEEI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 152 0 IDCEEK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 155 0 IDCGBA+CambriaMath CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 158 0 MECXRY+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 167 0 AMPYYE+VNR9 Type 1C Builtin yes yes yes 177 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-12-15 02:31:03 CET RepresentationInformation: FOO_a2022v11p3648.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-12-14 11:54:09 CET Size: 1018441 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 477 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Sample Collection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Milk Composition Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Evaluation of Acid Coagulation Properties Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: Preparation of Samples Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Preparation of Starter Culture Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Evaluation of Coagulation Parameters Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Water-Holding Capacity of Gels Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Evaluation of Rennet Coagulation Properties Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Potential Yield and Total Solids of Curds Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Rennet Curd Syneresis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Children: Item: Title: Milk Samples Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Milk Composition Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Acid Coagulation Properties Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Rennet Coagulation Properties Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Info: Title: Acid and Rennet Coagulation Properties of A2 Milk Author: Bibiana Juan and Antonio-José Trujillo Subject: This study investigated the acid and rennet milk coagulation properties of A2 milk (-casein (CN) A2A2 genotype), in comparison to a control milk (blend of A2A1/A1A1/A2A2 genotypes). Acid and rennet coagulation were evaluated using the Optigraph® system, measuring the coagulation time, aggregation rate, and gel density or curd firmness. The acidification kinetics were monitored using a CINAC® system, evaluating the time to reach pH 4.6, the acidification rate, the maximum acidification rate, the time required to reach it, and the latency time. The water-holding capacity of acid milk gels and the potential yield, total solids, and syneresis of enzymatic gels were also evaluated. Some variables were highly influenced by the farm factor, showing the importance of the effect of extrinsic parameters. Acid and enzymatic coagulation times were not affected in either milk. The A2 milk presented higher acid gel density and latency time than the control milk. Although the differences in water-holding capacity were not statistically significant, the A2 milk presented lower values, related with the higher gel density. The A2 milk also showed higher rennet aggregation rate and curd firmness than the control milk. Potential yield and syneresis were higher in the A2 milk, which is in accordance with the higher firmness of curd. Coagulation results and gel and curd properties indicate that it is possible to manufacture acid and rennet coagulation dairy products from A2 milk with no major differences when compared with a control milk. 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